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111.
Time and temperature induced phase transformation in L‐isoleucine hydrochloride monohydrated crystal
Ricardo S. Ferreira Júnior Geanso M. Moura Andreia C. Pereira Paulo R. da Silva Ribeiro Luzeli M. da Silva Adenilson O. dos Santos 《Crystal Research and Technology》2016,51(12):738-741
Semi organic crystals have been intensively studied aiming applications in nonlinear optical (NLO). Such applicability requires crystals with both high quality and thermal stability, which make the full characterization of this material a topic issue. In this paper, single crystals of L‐isoleucine hydrochloride monohydrated (L‐Ile.H2O.HCl) was synthesized by slow evaporation technique and characterized by thermal analysis and X‐ray diffraction (XRD) measurements. XRD results at 298 K showed that the sample crystallize with the orthorhombic structure, and the lattice parameters obtained by Rietveld refinement were a = 5.873(3) Å, b = 24.814(4) Å, and c = 6.873(5) Å. Thermal analysis measurements shows four decomposition stages between 328 ‐480 K which were associated with loss of water by desolvation, loss crystallization water and decomposition of L‐Ile.HCl. XRD measurements as a function of temperature up to 428 K show an irreversible phase transformation. This transformation was obtained after 32 hours keeping the L‐Ile.HCl.H2O sample at 413 K. The analysis shows that phase transformation occurs due to water and chlorine losses without destroy the amino acid carbon chain and in the end of transformation only the precursor amino acid remains. L‐Ile.HCl.H2O present low thermal stability and the phase transformation is time and temperature dependent. 相似文献
112.
Raphael F. Ribeiro Aleksandr V. Marenich Christopher J. Cramer Donald G. Truhlar 《Journal of computer-aided molecular design》2010,24(4):317-333
We applied the solvation models SM8, SM8AD, and SMD in combination with the Minnesota M06-2X density functional to predict
vacuum-water transfer free energies (Task 1) and tautomeric ratios in aqueous solution (Task 2) for the SAMPL2 test set. The
bulk-electrostatic contribution to the free energy of solvation is treated as follows: SM8 employs the generalized Born model
with the Coulomb field approximation, SM8AD employs the generalized Born approximation with asymmetric descreening, and SMD
solves the nonhomogeneous Poisson equation. The non-bulk-electrostatic contribution arising from short-range interactions
between the solute and solvent molecules in the first solvation shell is treated as a sum of terms that are products of geometry-dependent
atomic surface tensions and solvent-accessible surface areas of the individual atoms of the solute. On average, three models
tested in the present work perform similarly. In particular, we achieved mean unsigned errors of 1.3 (SM8), 2.0 (SM8AD), and
2.6 kcal/mol (SMD) for the aqueous free energies of 30 out of 31 compounds with known reference data involved in Task 1 and
mean unsigned errors of 2.7 (SM8), 1.8 (SM8AD), and 2.4 kcal/mol (SMD) in the free energy differences (tautomeric ratios)
for 21 tautomeric pairs in aqueous solution involved in Task 2. 相似文献
113.
114.
Manuel A.V. Ribeiro da Silva Luís M.N.B.F. Santos Luís M. Spencer S. Lima 《The Journal of chemical thermodynamics》2010,42(1):134-139
The energetic study of 1,2,3-triphenylbenzene (1,2,3-TPhB) and 1,3,5-triphenylbenzene (1,3,5-TPhB) isomers was carried out by making use of the mini-bomb combustion calorimetry and Knudsen mass-loss effusion techniques. The mini-bomb combustion calorimetry technique was used to derive the standard (p° = 0.1 MPa) molar enthalpies of formation in the crystalline state from the measured standard molar energies of combustion for both isomers. The Knudsen mass-loss effusion technique was used to measure the dependence with the temperature of the vapour pressure of crystalline 1,2,3-TPhB, which allowed the derivation of the standard molar enthalpy of sublimation, by application of the Clausius–Clapeyron equation. The sublimation study of 1,3,5-TPhB had been performed previously. From the combination of data obtained by both techniques, the standard molar enthalpies of formation in the gaseous state, for both isomers, at T = 298.15 K, were calculated. The results indicate a higher stability of the 1,3,5-TPhB isomer relative to 1,2,3-TPhB, similarly to the terphenyls. Nevertheless, the 1,2,3-TPhB isomer is not as energetically destabilized as one might expect, supporting the existence of a π–π displacive stacking interaction between both pairs of outer phenyl rings. The volatility difference between the two isomers is ruled by the enthalpy of sublimation. The volatility of the 1,2,3-TPhB is two orders of magnitude higher than the 1,3,5-TPhB isomer, at T = 298.15 K.
Empty Cell | ||
1,2,3-Triphenylbenzene (1,2,3-TPhB) | ?12248.2 ± 4.1 | 376.7 ± 5.3 |
1,3,5-Triphenylbenzene (1,3,5-TPhB) | ?12224.6 ± 3.6 | 366.8 ± 4.9 |