稀土化合物TbCl3对成骨细胞系MC3T3-E1增殖、分化和矿化功能的影响

在细胞和分子水平上,研究了稀土化合物氯化铽(TbCl₃)对成骨细胞MC3T3-E1增殖、分化及矿化功能的影响。结果表明,细胞水平上,浓度为0.0001、0.001、0.01、0.1、1和10 μmol·L^-1的TbCl₃均促进MC3T3-E1细胞的增殖、分化及其矿化功能,然而,当浓度升至为100和1000 μmol·L^-1时,TbCl₃表现出抑制作用。分子水平上,浓度为0.0001和0.1 μmol·L^-1的TbCl₃明显上调成骨分化相关基因骨形成蛋白2(BMP-2),碱性磷酸酶(ALP),骨涎蛋白(BSP),Ⅰ型胶原蛋白(Col Ⅰ),骨钙素(OCN)和runt 相关转录因子2(Runx2)的表达。浓度为1 000 μmol·L^-1的TbCl₃则抑制上述成骨分化相关基因的表达。浓度为0.000 1、0.1和1 μmol·L^-1的TbCl₃促进成骨分化相关蛋白Runx2,BMP-2和OCN的表达;结果显示,低浓度的TbCl₃促进MC3T3-E1细胞的成骨分化及矿化功能,而高浓度TbCl₃则呈现出抑制作用。TbCl₃通过调控Runx2的表达刺激早期成骨分化相关基因BMP-2、Col Ⅰ和晚期成骨分化相关基因ALP、OCN的表达,从而诱导MC3T3-E1成骨分化。     

壳聚糖的改性及其纳米粒子的制备

通过壳聚糖上的氨基与硬脂酸和硫辛酸的羧基脱水缩合反应,将硬脂酸和硫辛酸接枝在壳聚糖上,引入的疏水性基团使修饰的壳聚糖具有两亲性。对修饰壳聚糖残留的自由氨基进行甲基化,使氨基的pKa值由6.6增加到6.8~7.1。修饰的壳聚糖在水介质中经超声分散即可形成纳米粒子,纳米粒子的Zeta电位为正值,说明修饰壳聚糖中残留的氨基和甲基化的氨基处于纳米粒子的表面。纳米粒子经二硫苏糖醇还原,然后经空气中的氧气氧化,在纳米粒子中形成二硫键交联结构。     

方便面中砷元素的形态分析

建立了硝酸提取,高效液相色谱一原子荧光联用技术测定方便面中不同砷形态的分析方法。样品经0．15mol／L盐酸溶液超声提取后离心过滤,上机测试。实验表明：砷的4种形态亚砷酸[As（Ⅲ）]、砷酸[As（V）]、一甲基胂酸（MMA）和二甲基胂酸（DMA）的线性范围为0-50μg／L,相关系数（r）均优于0．9990,检出限在2～8μg／L之间,砷各形态的测量重复性（以RSD表示）均小于5％,样品的加标回收率为78％-118％。同时用原子荧光光度计检测了样品中总砷,并将两种方法测定结果进行了对比,结果符合理论以及文献报道。该方法操作简单快速、结果准确可靠,适用于方便面中砷形态的分析测定。     

Hierarchical ZSM-11 with intergrowth structures:Synthesis,characterization and catalytic properties

Hierarchical ZSM-11 microspheres with intercrystalline mesoporous properties and rod-like crystals intergrowth morphology have been synthesized using a spot of tetrabutylammonium as a single template.XRD,FTIR,SEM,TEM and N2 adsorption analysis revealed that each individual particle was composed of nanosized rod crystals inserting each other and the intercrystalline voids existing among rods gave a significant mesopore size distribution.Steam treatment result demonstrated the excellent hydrothermal stability of samples.Various crystallization modes including constant temperature crystallization (one-stage crystallization) and two-stage temperature-varying crystallization with different 1st stage durations were investigated.The results suggested that the crystallization modes were mainly responsible for the adjustable particle size and textural properties of samples while the small amount of tetrabutylammonium bromide was mainly used to direct the formation of both ZSM-11 framework and its intergrowth morphology.Furthermore,the performance of optimal ZSM-11 as an active component for the catalytic pyrolysis of heavy oil was also investigated.Compared with the commercial pyrolysis catalyst,the hierarchical ZSM-11 catalyst exhibited a high selectivity to desired products(LPG+gasoline+diesel),as well as a much lower dry gas and coke yield,plus a high selectivity and yield of light olefins(C=3 C=4)and very poor selectivity to benzene.Therefore,fully open micropore-mesopore connectivity would make such hierarchically porous ZSM-11 zeolites very attractive for applications in clean petrochemical catalysis field.     

原子转移自由基聚合法制备表面聚合物接枝四氧化三铁纳米粒子

为制备表面具有柔性高分子链的磁性微球,采用化学共沉淀法制备了具有超顺磁性的Fe3O4纳米微球,用KH550对Fe3O4纳米微球进行化学改性得到表面氨基化的Fe3O4纳米微球,与2-溴代异丁酰溴反应后制得含有引发官能团的Fe3O4纳米微球,随后将含溴的Fe3O4纳米微球与小分子单体与之通过原子转移自由基聚合(ATRP)法共聚。测试结果表明聚合物链成功地接枝到了Fe3O4纳米微球表面。     

应用多接收器电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定海洋碳酸盐中稳定铅同位素组成

研究了多接收器电感耦合等离子体质谱仪(MC-ICP MS)测定铅同位素比值时,影响测试结果准确度和精密度的主要因素及其优化过程。在优化条件下,10 h内连续30次测定4 ng/mL NIST SRM 981同位素标准溶液铅同位素比值,获得208Pb/206Pb、207Pb/206Pb和206Pb/204Pb相对标准偏差(RSDs)分别为0.005%、0.004%和0.054%。长期监测208Pb/206Pb、207Pb/206Pb和206Pb/204Pb,标准偏差(2SDs)分别为0.000 06、0.000 05和0.006 7。采用NEPTUNE MC-ICP MS法测定了低铅海洋碳酸盐样品中稳定铅的同位素比值,并对南海橙黄滨珊瑚(Porites lutea)和库氏砗磲(Tridacna gigas)进行了分析,得到全流程空白为8～10 pg,重复样误差优于0.1%。经0.50 mol/L HNO3洗脱之后,得到海南珊瑚样品中208Pb/206Pb、207Pb/206Pb的比值分别为2.086 2±0.001 5、0.849 90±0.001 47(n=16);海南砗磲样品中208Pb/206Pb、207Pb/206Pb的比值分别为2.116 9±0.004 2、0.864 81±0.001 62(n=9)。进一步考察了南海海洋碳酸盐中204Pb的同位素比值。分析结果表明,南海海洋碳酸盐中稳定铅同位素比值与中国气溶胶、珠江三角洲大气沉降、黄土及南海海底玄武岩等具有很好的相关性。方法适用于复杂基体高钙低铅的海洋碳酸盐样品中铅同位素比值的分析。     

Fmoc-His(Mtt)-OH的合成

以二氯二甲基硅烷为双保护试剂,在碱性条件下组氨酸(His)的咪唑环和α-氨基位分别引入4-甲基-三苯甲基(Mtt)和9-笏甲氧羰基(Fmoc)保护基,合成了Fmoc-His(Mtt)-OH,其结构经1H NMR和MS确证。     

发育期适度缺铁性贫血致新生豚鼠耳蜗毛细胞凋亡

目的观察孕期和哺乳期适度缺铁性贫血诱导子代豚鼠耳蜗毛细胞凋亡。方法 12只受孕豚鼠随机分为两组(对照组和适度缺铁性贫血组)。子代豚鼠于出生后9 d断乳,行畸变产物耳声发射(distortion product otoacoustic emission,简称DPOAE)检测听力;分离耳蜗,行全基底膜铺片,用原位末端转移酶标记技术(terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP-biotin nickend-labelling,简称TUNEL)染色和免疫组化检测毛细胞凋亡情况。结果孕期和哺乳期铁适度缺铁性贫血致子代豚鼠听力损伤,耳蜗毛细胞凋亡发生,caspase-3/9免疫阳性表达。结论孕期和哺乳期铁缺乏适度缺铁性贫血可诱导子代豚鼠耳蜗毛细胞凋亡发生。     

Accelerated solvent extraction and pH‐zone‐refining counter‐current chromatographic purification of yunaconitine and 8‐deacetylyunaconitine from Aconitum vilmorinianum Kom

This study aimed to seek an efficient method to extract and purify yunaconitine and 8‐deacetylyunaconitine from Aconitum vilmorinianum Kom. by accelerated solvent extraction combined with pH‐zone‐refining counter‐current chromatography. The major extraction parameters for accelerated solvent extraction were optimized by an orthogonal test design L₉ (3)⁴. Then a separation and purification method was established using pH‐zone‐refining counter‐current chromatography with a two‐phase solvent system composed of petroleum ether/ethyl acetate/methanol/water (5:5:2:8, v/v) with 10 mM triethylamine in the upper phase and 10 mM HCl in the lower phase. From 2 g crude extract, 224 mg of 8‐deacetylyunaconitine (I) and 841 mg of yunaconitine (II) were obtained with a purity of over 98.0%. The chemical structures were identified by ESI‐MS and ¹H and ¹³C NMR spectroscopy.     

Elimination of autofluorescence background from fluorescence tissue images by use of time-gated detection and the AzaDiOxaTriAngulenium (ADOTA) fluorophore

Sample autofluorescence (fluorescence of inherent components of tissue and fixative-induced fluorescence) is a significant problem in direct imaging of molecular processes in biological samples. A large variety of naturally occurring fluorescent components in tissue results in broad emission that overlaps the emission of typical fluorescent dyes used for tissue labeling. In addition, autofluorescence is characterized by complex fluorescence intensity decay composed of multiple components whose lifetimes range from sub-nanoseconds to a few nanoseconds. For these reasons, the real fluorescence signal of the probe is difficult to separate from the unwanted autofluorescence. Here we present a method for reducing the autofluorescence problem by utilizing an azadioxatriangulenium (ADOTA) dye with a fluorescence lifetime of approximately 15 ns, much longer than those of most of the components of autofluorescence. A probe with such a long lifetime enables us to use time-gated intensity imaging to separate the signal of the targeting dye from the autofluorescence. We have shown experimentally that by discarding photons detected within the first 20 ns of the excitation pulse, the signal-to-background ratio is improved fivefold. This time-gating eliminates over 96 % of autofluorescence. Analysis using a variable time-gate may enable quantitative determination of the bound probe without the contributions from the background.