Design and Evaluation of Computer Generated Hologram with Binary Subwavelength Structure Designed by Deterministic Process

A binary subwavelength structure for multilevel phase modulation can be designed by our previously proposed deterministic design method without iterative optimization method. To use our design technique in various applications of a computer generated hologram (CGH) like an array illuminator, beam-shaping, signal processing, and so on, an image quality of a reconstructed image from a CGH has become much more important. In this paper, we verify the image quality of a reconstructed image from a CGH designed by our method in terms of the modulation transfer function (MTF) and the spatial resolution. Simulation results show that our technique can theoretically achieve a MTF of more than 99% over a wide range and a spatial resolution of less than 9.66μm.     

Ruthenium-catalyzed cycloaddition of 1,6-diynes with isothiocyanates and carbon disulfide: first transition-metal catalyzed [2 + 2 + 2] cocyclotrimerization involving C=S double bond.

In the presence of 10 mol % Cp*Ru(cod)Cl, 1,6-diynes with a tertiary center at 4-position reacted with various isothiocyanates at their C=S double bond to afford bicyclic (2H)-thiopyranimines in 35-88% yields. The (2H)-thiopyran structure was unequivocally determined by X-ray analysis. The cycloaddition of carbon disulfide with a diyne similarly gave the expected bicyclic dithiopyrone in 50% yield.     

Measurement of the tau lepton mass and an upper limit on the mass difference between tau+ and tau-

The mass of the tau lepton has been measured in the decay mode tau-->3pinutau using a pseudomass technique. The result obtained from 414 fb-1 of data collected with the Belle detector is Mtau=[1776.61+/-0.13(stat)+/-0.35(sys)] MeV/c2. The upper limit on the relative mass difference between positive and negative tau leptons is |Mtau+-Mtau-|/Mtau<2.8 x 10-4 at 90% confidence level.     

Field-induced order-disorder transition in antiferromagnetic BaCo(2)V(2)O(8) driven by a softening of spinon excitation

High field magnetization and ESR measurements on the quasi-one-dimensional (1D) antiferromagnet BaCo(2)V(2)O(8) have been performed in magnetic fields up to 50 T along the chain. The experimental results are explained well in terms of a 1D S=1/2 antiferromagnetic XXZ model in longitudinal fields. We show that the quantum phase transition from the Néel ordered phase to the spin liquid one in the model is responsible for a peculiar order to disorder transition in BaCo(2)V(2)O(8).     

Numerical study of free-piston shock tunnel performance

A free-piston shock tunnel (FPST) is one of the most useful ground testing facilities for hypervelocity flow research of re-entry vehicles and scramjet engines. For an efficient operation with tuned piston motion, the design of facility and the comprehension of the physical phenomena in a FPST, a numerical simulation which can properly predicts the flow with actual losses is required. But there are few successful numerical methods which can simulate its overall performance. In the present study, numerical method was developed by using the KRC shock capturing scheme and by modeling the flow losses in suitable forms for a quasi-1D numerical computation. The present numerical results were compared with the data obtained in two different facilities, T4 and T5. The applicability of the present numerical method as a design tool is discussed briefly.This article was processed using Springer-Verlag T_EX Shock Waves macro package 1.0 and the AMS fonts, developed by the American Mathematical Society.     

The accuracy of residual stress measurement by the hole-drilling method

This paper describes the verification of the accuracy of residual stress measurement by the hole-drilling method. The strain measurement is simulated by the use of the indirect fictitious-boundary integral method. As an example, a finite rectangular plate subjected to initial stress is treated, and a simulated measurement of the residual stress is made using the strain relieved during hole drilling. The accuracy of residual stress measurement is estimated by comparing the simulated measured residual stress with the actual residual stress, i.e., the given initial stress. The results are shown for various distances and angles of strain gages. Also, the influences of the eccentricity of the hole from the center of the strain gages and the effect of a boundary near the hole are examined.     

Synthesis of Disaccharide Nucleosides by the O‐Glycosylation of Natural Nucleosides with Thioglycoside Donors

Disaccharide nucleosides constitute an important group of naturally‐occurring sugar derivatives. In this study, we report on the synthesis of disaccharide nucleosides by the direct O‐glycosylation of nucleoside acceptors, such as adenosine, guanosine, thymidine, and cytidine, with glycosyl donors. Among the glycosyl donors tested, thioglycosides were found to give the corresponding disaccharide nucleosides in moderate to high chemical yields with the above nucleoside acceptors using p‐toluenesulfenyl chloride (TolSCl) and silver triflate (AgOTf) as promoters. The interaction of these promoters with nucleoside acceptors was examined by ¹H NMR spectroscopic experiments.     

An LC method for quantifying bepridil in human plasma using 1-naphthol as the internal standard

A modified method for the quantitative determination of bepridil hydrochloride in human plasma is described. This method is unrelated to chemical methods currently in use. The mobile phase is 50 mM phosphate buffer (pH3.0)-methanol-acetonitrile-triethylamine (57:3:40:1, v/v), and the samples are fractionated on a C8-3 column (150 × 4.6 mm, 5 μm) using a flow rate of 0.9 mL/min. Bepridil was detected by UV spectroscopy at 254 nm. The retention times of bepridil and 1-naphthol were 12.6 min and 7.5 min, respectively; there was no interference originating from human plasma. We confirmed that the bepridil and 1-naphthol peaks were not influenced by the presence of 32 commercial medicines frequently co-administered with bepridil. Additionally, the concentration of bepridil in the plasma of five patients treated with bepridil for atrial fibrillation was measured. These samples were collected just before each dosage of bepridil. Their rhythm and rate control were well maintained. Trough concentrations ranged from 233.9 to 347.4 ng/mL, similar to previously reported values.