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211.
212.
Shi Nian-Qing Prahl Kristine Hendrick Jim Cruz Jose Lu Ping Cho Jae-Yong Jones Sharon Jeffries Thomas 《Applied biochemistry and biotechnology》2000,84(1-9):201-216
Pichia stipitis CBS 6054 will grow on d-xylose, d-arabinose, and l-arabinose. d-Xylose and l-arabinose are abundant in seed hulls of maize, and their utilization is important in processing grain residues. To elucidate
the degradation pathway for l-arabinose, we obtained a mutant, FPL-MY30, that was unable to grow on d-xylose and l-arabinose but that could grow on d-arabinitol. Activity assays of oxidoreductase and pentulokinase enzymes involved in d-xylose, d-arabinose, and l-arabinose pathways indicated that FPL-MY30 is deficient in d-xylitol dehydrogenase (D-XDH), d- and l-arabinitol dehydrogenases, and d-ribitol dehydrogenase. Transforming FPL-MY30 with a gene for xylitol dehydrogenase (PsXYL2), which was cloned from CBS 6054 (Gen Bank AF127801), restored the D-XDH activity and the capacity for FPL-MY30 to grow on
l-arabinose. This suggested that FPL-MY30 is critically deficient in XYL2 and that the d-xylose and l-arabinose metabolic pathways have xylitolas a common intermediate. The capacity for FPL-MY30 to grow on d-arabinitol could proceed through d-ribulose. 相似文献
213.
Hong H Park S Jiménez RH Rinehart D Tamm LK 《Journal of the American Chemical Society》2007,129(26):8320-8327
Aromatic residues are frequently found in helical and beta-barrel integral membrane proteins enriched at the membrane-water interface. Although the importance of these residues in membrane protein folding has been rationalized by thermodynamic partition measurements using peptide model systems, their contribution to the stability of bona fide membrane proteins has never been demonstrated. Here, we have investigated the contribution of interfacial aromatic residues to the thermodynamic stability of the beta-barrel outer membrane protein OmpA from Escherichia coli in lipid bilayers by performing extensive mutagenesis and equilibrium folding experiments. Isolated interfacial tryptophanes contribute -2.0 kcal/mol, isolated interfacial tyrosines contribute -2.6 kcal/mol, and isolated interfacial phenylalanines contribute -1.0 kcal/mol to the stability of this protein. These values agree well with the prediction from the Wimley-White interfacial hydrophobicity scale, except for tyrosine residues, which contribute more than has been expected from the peptide models. Double mutant cycle analysis reveals that interactions between aromatic side chains become significant when their centroids are separated by less than 6 A but are nearly insignificant above 7 A. Aromatic-aromatic side chain interactions are on the order of -1.0 to -1.4 kcal/mol and do not appear to depend on the type of aromatic residue. These results suggest that the clustering of aromatic side chains at membrane interfaces provides an additional heretofore not yet recognized driving force for the folding and stability of integral membrane proteins. 相似文献
214.
Prof. Dr. Holger Braunschweig Dr. Rian D. Dewhurst Prof. Dr. J. Oscar C. Jiménez‐Halla Dr. Eduard Matito Jonas H. Muessig 《Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)》2018,57(2):412-416
The reaction of tetraiododiborane (B2I4) with trans‐[Pt(BI2)I(PCy3)2] gives rise to the diplatinum(II) complex [{(Cy3P)(I2B)Pt}2(μ2:η3:η3‐B2I4)], which is supported by a bridging diboranyl dianion ligand [B2I4]2?. This complex is the first transition‐metal complex of a diboranyl dianion, as well as the first example of intact coordination of a B2X4 (X=halide) unit of any type to a metal center. 相似文献
215.
Sustainable Synthesis of Chiral Tetrahydrofurans through the Selective Dehydration of Pentoses 下载免费PDF全文
Robert W. Foster Dr. Christopher J. Tame Dr. Dejan‐Krešimir Bučar Prof. Helen C. Hailes Dr. Tom D. Sheppard 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2015,21(45):15947-15950
L ‐Arabinose is an abundant resource available as a waste product of the sugar beet industry. Through use of a hydrazone‐based strategy, L ‐arabinose was selectively dehydrated to form a chiral tetrahydrofuran on a multi‐gram scale without the need for protecting groups. This approach was extended to other biomass‐derived reducing sugars and the mechanism of the key cyclization investigated. This methodology was applied to the synthesis of a range of functionalized chiral tetrahydrofurans, as well as a formal synthesis of 3R‐3‐hydroxymuscarine. 相似文献
216.
Jiménez-Ruiz M Ferrage E Delville A Michot LJ 《The journal of physical chemistry. A》2012,116(10):2379-2387
Collective excitations of water confined in the interlayer space of swelling clay minerals were studied by means of inelastic neutron scattering. The effect of bidimensional confinement on the dynamics of the interlayer water was investigated by using a synthetic Na-saponite sample with a general formula of Si(7.3)Al(0.7)Mg(6)O(20)(OH)(4)Na(0.7) in a bilayer hydration state. Experimental results reveal two inelastic signals, different from those described for bulk water with a clear anisotropy on the low-energy excitation of the collective dynamics of interlayer water, this difference being stronger in the perpendicular direction. Results obtained for the parallel direction follow the same trend as bulk water, and the effect of the confinement is mainly manifested from the fact that clay interlayer water is more structured than bulk water. Data obtained in the perpendicular direction display a nondispersive behavior below a cutoff wavenumber value, Q(c), indicating a nonpropagative excitation below that value. Molecular dynamics simulations results agree qualitatively with the experimental results. 相似文献
217.
Christophe Ferrari Agnes Roche Veronique Jacob Panayotis Foster Patrick Baussand 《国际化学动力学杂志》1996,28(8):609-614
The rate constants of the isopropyl acetate, n-propyl acetate, isopropenyl acetate, n-propenyl acetate, n-butyl acetate, and ethyl butyrate reactions with OH radicals were determined in purified air under atmospheric conditions, at 750 torr and (295 ± 2) K. A relative rate experimental method was used; n-heptane, n-octane, and n-nonane were the reference compounds, with, respectively, rate constants for the reaction with OH of 7.12 × 10−12, 8.42 × 10−12, and 9.70 × 10−12 molecule−1 cm3s−1. The following rate constants were obtained in units of 10−12 molecule−1 cm3s−1; isopropyl acetate, (3.12 ± 0.29); n-propyl acetate, (1.97 ± 0.24); isopropenyl acetate, (62.53 ± 1.24); n-propenyl acetate, (24.57 ± 0.24); n-butyl acetate, (3.29 ± 0.35); and ethyl butyrate, (4.37 ± 0.42). Tertiary butyl acetate has a low reactivity with OH radicals (<1 × 10−12 molecule−1 cm3s−1). © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 相似文献
218.
Odlyha M. Cohen N. S. Foster G. M. Aliev A. Verdonck E. Grandy D. 《Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry》2003,71(3):939-951
DMA and solid state 13C NMR techniques were used to measure historical parchment samples within the framework of the project (MAP) Micro Analysis
of Parchment (EC contract No. SMT4-96-2101) in collaboration with the School of Conservation in Copenhagen. DMA was used in
both thermal scan and creep modes. Thermal scans provided information on the transitions associated with the collagen polymer.
Microthermal analysis was also used to obtain information on the topography and thermal conductivity of sample areas of 100
μm. Localised heating enabled measurements of softening transitions in the sample. This behaviour is influenced by the chemical
composition of parchment. 13C NMR provided information on the carbon atoms associated with the polypeptide chains of the collagen
in parchment. The behaviour of samples immersed in water and measured in DMA creep mode was used to measure the shrinkage
behaviour of the parchment samples. The different but complementary techniques provided a means for characterising the physicochemical
state of parchment samples.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
219.
220.
We derive closed form expressions and limiting formulae for a variety of functions of a permutation resulting from repeated
riffle shuffles. The results allow new formulae and approximations for the number of permutations inS
n with given cycle type and number of descents. The theorems are derived from a bijection discovered by Gessel. A self-contained
proof of Gessel's result is given. 相似文献