Investigations on adsorption potentiometry-part VIII. Determination of ultratrace copper in food by derivative adsorption chronopotentiometry

An electroanalytical method, based on derivative chronopotentiometry of the copper complex with 4-[(4-diethylamino-2-hydroxyphenyl) azo]-5-hydroxy-naphthalene-2,7-disulphonic acid (Beryllon III) accumulated on the surface of a hanging mercury drop electrode, for determining trace copper in food has been developed. The dependence of the peak height of reduction of the copper complex on the preconcentration time and preconcentration potential are discussed. Optimum experimental conditions include 0.01 M HOAc, 0.01M NaOAc, 1.0 x 10(-6) Beryllon III and a preconcentration potential of 0.10 V (vs. SCE). Under these conditions the detection limit and the linear range are 4 x 10(-11)M and 6 x 10(-11) -4 x 10(-7)M, respectively. The method was applied to samples of digested rice.     

The Tolman length: is it positive or negative?

By means of a large-scale molecular dynamics simulation, we show that the Tolman length, although positive, is much smaller in magnitude than previously reported. We found that the range of interparticle interaction can significantly affect the magnitude of the Tolman length. When the range of interaction is longer than five molecular diameters, the Tolman length is on the order of a few hundredths of the molecular diameter, rather than a few tenths known previously.     

巯基葡聚糖凝胶分离富集光度法测定镉的研究

研究了在ＴｒｉｔｏｎＸ－１００存在下，新显色剂邻羧基苯基重氮氨基偶氮苯（ＣＤＡＡ）与镉的显色体系，在ｐＨ１０．６的Ｎａ２Ｂ４Ｏ７－ＮａＯＨ体系中，显色反应灵敏度很高。络合物的最大吸收位于５４５ｎｍ处，其摩尔吸光系数为２．２２×１０＾５Ｌ·ｍｏｌ＾－１·ｃｍ＾－１。镉含量在０￣１２μｇ／２５ｍＬ符合比耳定律。将该体系用于巯基葡聚糖凝胶分离富集－光度法测水样中微量镉，结果令人满意。     

Two novel dicoumaro-p-menthanes from Gerbera piloselloides (L.) CASS

Two new type dicoumarins (dicoumaro-p-menthanes), named dibothrioclinins I (1) and II (2) were isolated from the roots and rhizomes of Gerbera piloselloides (L.) CASS., collected in Yunnan Province, China. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of MS, 1D ((1)H-NMR, (13)C-NMR, DEPT and NOE) and 2D ((1)H-(1)H COSY, HMQC, HMBC) NMR spectral analyses. The relative structures of the two compounds were established by NOE difference spectroscopy and further confirmed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction studies.     

PURIFICATION AND PARTIAL CHARACTERIZATION OF POLYSACCHARIDES FROM THE POLLEN OF TYPHA ANGUSTIFILIA L

Three polysaccharides TAA, TAB and TAC were purified from the pollen of Typha An-gustifilia L..TAA is mainly composed of α-L-arabinofuranose, β-D-galactose and α-D-galac-turonic acid.TAB and TAC contain the backbone mainly composed of (1→5)-linked-L-arabi-nosyl residue.     

Interfacial polymerisation of anilinium at Langmuir monolayers

Anilinium is strongly adsorbed at monolayers of the phospholipid L-alpha-dimyristoylphosphatidic acid (DMPA) and hexadecanesulfonic acid (HDSA) at the air-water interface, and undergoes chemical polymerisation under conditions where bulk polymerisation does not occur.     

Rheological properties of the aqueous mixtures of cationic-anionic surfactants

The rheological properties of the aqueous mixtures of cationic-anionic surfactants, both in single-phase systems and in aqueous two-phase systems, have been studied. Bizarre rheological properties —negative thixotropy, viscoelasticity and hihg viscosity of shear rate dependent at relatively low concentration — have been observed. An unusual viscosity change, that is, viscosity lowering with increasing concentration, was obtained. The negative thixotropy might be due to the existence of lamellar or sheet-like micelles, viscoelasticity might be induced by rodlike and lamellar or sheet-like micelles, the high viscosity might be a consequence of the formation of network by long rodlike micelles and the concentration-induced viscosity lowering could be interpreted in terms of the decrease of micellar dimensions with concentration.     

Adsorption of NH3 onto activated carbon prepared from palm shells impregnated with H2SO4

Adsorption of ammonia (NH3) onto activated carbons prepared from palm shells impregnated with sulfuric acid (H2SO4) was investigated. The effects of activation temperature and acid concentration on pore surface area development were studied. The relatively large micropore surface areas of the palm-shell activated carbons prepared by H2SO4 activation suggest their potential applications in gas adsorption. Adsorption experiments at a fixed temperature showed that the amounts of NH3 adsorbed onto the chemically activated carbons, unlike those prepared by CO2 thermal activation, were not solely dependent on the specific pore surface areas of the adsorbents. Further adsorption tests for a wide range of temperatures suggested combined physisorption and chemisorption of NH3. Desorption tests at the same temperature as adsorption and at an elevated temperature were carried out to confirm the occurrence of chemisorption due to the interaction between NH3 and some oxygen functional groups via hydrogen bonding. The surface functional groups on the adsorbent surface were detected by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The amounts of NH3 adsorbed by chemisorption were correlated with the contents of elemental oxygen present in the adsorbents. Mechanisms for chemical activation and adsorption processes are proposed based on the observed phenomena.     

Synthesis, Characterization and Crystal Structure of a One-dimensional Diamagnetic Metal-radical Complex: [Zn(NIT4py)2(DTB)2(H2O)2]

A novel one-dimensional complex [Zn(NIT4py)₂(DTB)₂(H₂O)₂] (1), with mixed ligands [where NIT4py is 2-(4′-pyridyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethylimidazoline-1-oxyl-3-oxide and DTB is 3,5-dinitrobenzoate] has been synthesized and characterized by elemental analyses, i.r., u.v.–vis spectra, thermogravimetric analysis, X-ray single crystal diffraction and magnetic measurements. The complex crystallizes in the triclinic crystal system and space group Pî. The Zn ^II ion is in a distorted octahedral environment: two nitrogen atoms from two NIT4py entities, two oxygen atoms from two DTB units in the basal plane; and two oxygen atoms from the two water molecules in the axial position. The [Zn(NIT4py)₂(DTB)₂(H₂O)₂] units are connected as a one dimension chain by the intermolecular hydrogen bonds. The complex exhibits intramolecular antiferromagnetic interactions between the two radicals.     

A zwitterion of 1,5‐bis­(2‐hydroxy­benzamido)‐3‐aza­pentane: a two‐dimensional hydrogen‐bonding network involving dimers

The title compound, 2‐{N‐[2‐(2‐hydroxy­benzamido)ethyl­ammonio­ethyl]amino­carbon­yl}phenolate, C₁₈H₂₁N₃O₄, crystallizes in a zwitterionic form as a result of inter­molecular proton transfer and possesses a negatively charged phenolate group and a protonated amino group. The 2‐hydroxy­benzamide and 2‐(amino­carbonyl)­phenolate moieties attached to the two ends of the C—C—N—C—C backbone adopt a cis conformation in relation to this backbone. All N‐ and O‐bound H atoms are involved in hydrogen‐bond formation; the zwitterions are first linked into head‐to‐tail dimers, which are further organized into a two‐dimensional network parallel to the crystallographic bc plane.