铁卟啉轴向配位络合物在环己烷氧化反应中的催化作用

亚铁卟啉络合物因其可逆键合分子氧的性能而受到人们的重视。基于生物体中的亚铁卟啉络合物的轴向位置键合有一定的基团,因而对于铁卟啉及其轴向配位体的研究较为活跃,但有关其催化性能方面的研究报导甚少。     

新型草酰胺桥联Cu(Ⅱ),Ni(Ⅱ)均双核配合物的合成及表征

合成了一种新配体N ,N′ 二 (2 氨乙基 ) 草酰胺双缩邻氨基苯甲醛Schiff碱 (H4L)及其Cu(Ⅱ )、Ni(Ⅱ )均双核配合物。并用元素分析、红外光谱、电子光谱、室温磁化率等对其组成和结构进行表征。室温磁矩表明配合物中两金属离子间通过草酰胺桥存在着反铁磁性自旋偶合作用。     

超音速来流中爆轰波衍射和二次起爆过程研究

预爆管技术被广泛地应用在爆轰波发动机的起爆过程中,但是在超音速来流中基于预爆管技术起始爆轰波的研究并未被广泛地开展。基于此,本文中数值研究了横向超音速来流对半自由空间内爆轰波的衍射和自发二次起爆、及管道内的衍射和壁面反射二次起爆两种现象的影响。数值模拟的控制方程为二维欧拉方程,空间上使用五阶WENO格式进行数值离散,采用带有诱导步的两步链分支化学反应模型。所模拟的爆轰波具有规则的胞格结构,对应于用惰性气体高度稀释过的可爆混合物中形成的爆轰波。结果表明:在半自由空间内,在本文所模拟的几何尺寸下,爆轰波并未成功发生二次起爆现象,但是爆轰波的自持传播距离随着横向超音速来流强度的增强而增加。在核心的三角形流动区域外,波面诱导产生了更多的横波结构;在管道内,横向的超音速来流在逆流侧对出口气流产生了压缩作用,能有效提高波面压力,因此反射后的激波压力也比较高。在同样的几何尺寸下,爆轰波在静止和超音速(Ma=2.0)气流中分别出现了二次起爆失败和成功两种现象,这是由于在超音速来流中化学反应面的褶皱诱导产生了横波结构,横波与管壁以及其他横波之间的碰撞提高了前导激波的强度,并最终促进了爆轰波在超声速流主管道内的成功起始。     

PEI功能化秸秆生物炭对水中Cr 6+的吸附性能

选取玉米秸秆为原料, 经过缺氧炭化制备玉米秸秆生物炭, 并以聚乙烯亚胺(PEI)负载于生物炭表面, 制备PEI功能化秸秆生物炭, 研究了其对水中Cr ⁶⁺的吸附性能和机理. 结果表明, 在吸附剂添加量相等条件下, PEI碱性生物炭(PBC)对Cr ⁶⁺的吸附效率明显高于PEI酸性生物炭(HBC)和原始生物炭(CBC). PBC对水中Cr ⁶⁺的最大吸附量为386.3 mg/g, 吸附平衡时间为300 min; 当pH=2.0左右时, 对Cr ⁶⁺的吸附效率最大达到95.94%. 因此, PBC可作为一种高效去除水中Cr ⁶⁺的吸附剂.     

Replication of biological organizations through a supercritical fluid route

A novel and simple method to replicate biological organizations (cotton and pollen grains) with high precision was proposed, in which the precursor dissolved in supercritical CO2 reacted with the surface active groups and adsorbed surface water on biological templates, followed by in situ SCF extraction of the byproducts and unreacted precursor, resulting in inorganic replicas faithfully copying both the macro- and microstructures of the biotemplates.     

Synthesis and properties of N-hexadecyl ethylenediamine triacetic acid

A new kind of surfactant named N-hexadecyl ethylenediamine triacetic acid (HED3A) was synthesized from anhydrous ethylenediamine, 1-bromohexadecane, and chloroacetic acid. Testing showed stability of HED3A in hard water, wetting power, dispersing power, and surface tension increased along with pH value. Stability in hard water of trisodium N-hexadecyl ethylenediamine triacetate (3NaHED3A) was at level 4, which was better than that of sodium dodecylsulfate (SDS) and sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate (LAS). Other properties of 3NaHED3A including wetting power, dispersing power, emulsifying power, and surface tension had intermediate value between SDS, LAS, AES, peregal-O, and cetyltrimethylammonium chloride (CTAC). The ethylenediamine triacetic acid (ED3A) group in 3NaHED3A can chelate many kinds of metal ions, which indicates a promising application prospect in many fields including metal anticorrosion, corrosion control agent, additives in electroplating solution, and ore selection and solid surface treatment.     

A green four-component synthesis of 2-amino-3-cyano-4-aryl-6-sulfanepyrimidine in water solvent using phase-transfer catalyst

New green one-pot four-component reactions of thiourea, malononitrile halohydrocarbon, aldehydes and alkyl halide have been successfully developed in eco-friendly water solvent through available phase-transfer catalyst, to access high yields of 2-amino-3-cyano-4-aryl-6-sulfanepyrimidines.     

Influence of cooling mode on the electrochemical properties of Li<Subscript>4</Subscript>Ti<Subscript>5</Subscript>O<Subscript>12</Subscript> anode materials for lithium-ion batteries

Li₄Ti₅O₁₂ (LTO) was synthesized with two different cooling methods by solid-state method, namely fast cooling and air cooling. The samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), galvanostatic charge–discharge test, cyclic voltammetry (CV), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), respectively. XRD revealed that the basic LTO structure was not changed. FESEM images showed that fast cooling effectively reduced the particle sizes and the agglomeration of particles. Galvanostatic charge–discharge test showed that the air cooling sample exhibited a mediocre performance, having an initial discharge capacity of 136.3mAh?·?g^?1 at 0.5 C; however, the fast cooling sample demonstrated noticeable improvement in both of its discharge capacity and rate capability, with a high initial capacity value of 142.7 mAh?·?g^?1 at 0.5 C. CV measurements also revealed that fast cooling enhanced the reversibility of the LTO. EIS confirmed that fast cooling resulted in lower electrochemical polarization and a higher lithium-ion diffusion coefficient. Therefore, fast cooling have a great impact on discharge capacity, rate capability, and cycling performance of LTO anode materials for lithium-ion batteries.