Negative electrorheological responses of micro-polar fluids in the finite spin viscosity small spin velocity limit. I. Couette flow geometries

Negative electrorheological responses induced by micro-particle electrorotation in two-dimensional Couette flow geometries are analyzed by a set of continuum modeling field equations originating from anti-symmetric/couple stress theories in the finite spin viscosity small spin velocity (FSV) limit. Analytical solutions are obtained for the first time to express the spin velocity, linear velocity, and effective viscosity in terms of the electric field strength, driving shear rate, boundary condition selection parameter, and spin viscosity. Good agreement is achieved between the FSV theoretical predictions presented herein and the experimental measurements reported in recent literature for the effective viscosity for low driving shear rates.     

MECO超导磁体支撑和冷屏的热流体计算

μ介子转化为电子实验装置(MECO)是美国能源部目前在建的一个高能物理项目。本文提出了MECO中的PS、TS1、TS2、DS四个超导螺线管磁体支撑和冷屏新的冷却方案,设计了支撑和冷屏的冷却结构。采用三维仿真方法,计算得到新方案下磁体冷质量的热负荷,并计算了50K冷却氦流质量流量、压降的大小以及冷屏上温度分布。从而为冷却结构设计和制定的新方案提供可靠的理论依据。     

Sparse representation-based classification algorithm for optical Tibetan character recognition

A sparse representation-based two-phase classification algorithm is proposed for off-line handwritten Tibetan character recognition. The first phase realizes coarse classification with the K-NN classifier by finding the K nearest neighbours of a test sample in the dictionary constructed by K-SVD with samples of all classes, and the classes of these neighbours are regarded as the candidate classes of the test sample. The second phase performs fine classification with the sparse representation classifier by sparsely representing the test sample with all elements of the dictionary constructed by K-SVD with samples of all candidate classes, and the test sample is finally classified into the candidate class with the maximal contribution in sparse representation. Experiments on the Tibetan off-line handwritten character database show that an optimal recognition rate of 97.17% has been reached and it is 2.12% higher than that of K-NN.     

Theory of myelin coiling

A new model is proposed to explain coiling of myelins composed of fluid bilayers. This model allows the constituent bilayer cylinders of a myelin to be non-coaxial and the bilayer lateral tension to vary from bilayer to bilayer. The calculations show that a myelin would bend or coil to lower its free energy when the bilayer lateral tension is sufficiently large. From a mechanical point of view, the proposed coiling mechanism is analogous to the classical Euler buckling of a thin elastic rod under axial compression. The analysis of a simple two-bilayer case suggests that a bilayer lateral tension of about 1 dyne/cm can easily induce coiling of myelins of typical lipid bilayers. This model signifies the importance of bilayer lateral tension in determining the morphology of myelinic structures.     

Expected thermal deformation and wavefront preservation of a cryogenic Si monochromator for Cornell ERL beamlines

Cornell energy‐recovery linac (ERL) beamlines will have higher power density and higher fractional coherence than those available at third‐generation sources; therefore the capability of a monochromator for ERL beamlines has to be studied. A cryogenic Si monochromator is considered in this paper because the perfect atomic structure of Si crystal is needed to deliver highly coherent radiation. Since neither the total heat load nor the power density alone can determine the severity of crystal deformation, a metric called modified linear power density is used to gauge the thermal deformation. For all ERL undulator beamlines, crystal thermal deformation profiles are simulated using the finite‐element analysis tool ANSYS, and wavefront propagations are simulated using Synchrotron Radiation Workshop. It is concluded that cryogenic Si monochromators will be suitable for ERL beamlines in general.     

光纤压力传感器物理实验仪的研制

给出一个应用于光纤压力传感器物理实验仪的设计实例。给出了实际应用的框图,可使我们对光纤及传感器有所了解。     

The effects of rain clutter on millimeter radar performance

The effects of rain clutter on millimeter radar performance are investigated at 35, 94 and 140GHz frequencies, including rain attenuation, radar reflectivity, maximum radar range and equivalent target cross section.     

阿尔芬波加热托卡马克等离子体的能量平衡问题

本文用“剖面不变性”确定等效电子热导系数,研究了TCA装置上阿尔芬波加热的能量平衡,结果与实验符合很好。证明本文所用的方法对不同装置、不同加热方式都适用。     

Femtosecond laser-induced ZnSe nanowires on the surface of a ZnSe wafer in water

We present a simple route for ZnSe nanowire growth in the ablation crater on a ZnSe crystal surface. The crystal wafer, which was horizontally dipped in pure water, was irradiated by femtosecond laser pulses. No furnace, vacuum chamber or any metal catalyst were used in this experiment. The size of the nanowires is about 1-3 μm long and 50-150 nm in diameter. The growth rate is 1-3 μm/s, which is much higher than that achieved with molecular-beam epitaxy and chemical vapor deposition methods. Our discovery reveals a rapid and simple way to grow nanowires on designed micro-patterns, which may have potential applications in microscopic optoelectronics.