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91.
Gaelle Kerric Françoise Zammattio Jean-Paul Quintard 《Journal of organometallic chemistry》2010,695(1):103-3321
An insoluble polymer-supported phenyltin reagent was successfully used in Stille cross-coupling reactions with aryl- and heteroaryl-halides. Cross-coupling products were isolated in good to high yields with very low contamination by tin and palladium residues after removal of the residual supported organotin halide. The regeneration and recyclability of the supported phenyltin reagent were also examined and proved to be possible, but required palladium cleaning of the grafted polymer to be efficient along 4 cycles when Pd(PPh3)4 was used as catalyst. 相似文献
92.
Progressive hedging innovations for a class of stochastic mixed-integer resource allocation problems
Numerous planning problems can be formulated as multi-stage stochastic programs and many possess key discrete (integer) decision
variables in one or more of the stages. Progressive hedging (PH) is a scenario-based decomposition technique that can be leveraged
to solve such problems. Originally devised for problems possessing only continuous variables, PH has been successfully applied
as a heuristic to solve multi-stage stochastic programs with integer variables. However, a variety of critical issues arise
in practice when implementing PH for the discrete case, especially in the context of very difficult or large-scale mixed-integer
problems. Failure to address these issues properly results in either non-convergence of the heuristic or unacceptably long
run-times. We investigate these issues and describe algorithmic innovations in the context of a broad class of scenario-based
resource allocation problem in which decision variables represent resources available at a cost and constraints enforce the
need for sufficient combinations of resources. The necessity and efficacy of our techniques is empirically assessed on a two-stage
stochastic network flow problem with integer variables in both stages. 相似文献
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94.
Muriel De Bock Marie-Alice Meuwis Tran Quang Minh Jean-Paul Chapelle Michel Malaise Marianne Fillet 《Talanta》2010,82(1):245-594
In most diseases, the clinical need for serum/plasma markers has never been so crucial, not only for diagnosis, but also for the selection of the most efficient therapies, as well as exclusion of ineffective or toxic treatment. Due to the high sample complexity, prefractionation is essential for exploring the deep proteome and finding specific markers.In this study, three different sample preparation methods (i.e., highly abundant protein precipitation, restricted access materials (RAM) combined with IMAC chromatography and peptide ligand affinity beads) were investigated in order to select the best fractionation step for further differential proteomic experiments focusing on the LMW proteome (MW inferior to 40,000 Da). Indeed, the aim was not to cover the entire plasma/serum proteome, but to enrich potentially interesting tissue leakage proteins. These three methods were evaluated on their reproducibility, on the SELDI-TOF-MS peptide/protein peaks generated after fractionation and on the information supplied.The studied methods appeared to give complementary information and presented good reproducibility (below 20%). Peptide ligand affinity beads were found to provide efficient depletion of HMW proteins and peak enrichment in protein/peptide profiles. 相似文献
95.
Jean-Paul Penot 《Journal of Global Optimization》2010,47(3):503-525
We raise some questions about duality theories in global optimization. The main one concerns the possibility to extend the
use of conjugacies to general dualities for studying dual optimization problems. In fact, we examine whether dualities are
the most general concepts to get duality results. We also consider the passage from a Lagrangian approach to a perturbational
approach and the reverse passage in the framework of general dualities. Since a notion of subdifferential can be defined for
any duality, it is natural to examine whether the familiar interpretation of multipliers as generalized derivatives of the
performance function associated with a dualizing parameterization of the given problem is still valid in the general framework
of dualities. 相似文献
96.
Josiane Courtois Jean-Paul Seguin Sophie Declomesnil Alain Heyraud Philippe Colin-Morel Luciana Dantas 《Journal of carbohydrate chemistry》2013,32(4-5):441-448
Abstract A mutant of the R. meliloti M5N1 strain has been selected. This strain, R. meliloti M5N1 CS (NCIMB 40472), excretes an extracellular material composed of 2-O-Ac-β-GlcpA, 3-O-Ac-β-GlcpA, 2,3-di-O-Ac-β-GlcpA and three species of β-GlcpA residues 1→4 linked. For the culture conditions used, the weight average molecular weight of the polymer varied in the range of 6 × 104 < Mw < 4 × 105. High molecular weight glucuronate forms thermoreversible gels at 5 g L?l. In the presence of divalent cation such as Ca2+ or trivalent cations such as Cr3+ or Fe3 +, cross linking of the polymer occurs. This polysaccharide is the first exocellular (1→4)-β-D-glucuronan produced by a R. meliloti strain. 相似文献
97.
In this Note, we first present a model for droplet secondary breakup, in liquid sprays. This model is based on the kinetic theory formalism and uses experimental correlations found in the literature (L.-P. Hsiang, G.M. Faeth, Int. J. Multiphase Flow 19 (5) (1993) 721–735; R. Maxey, J. Riley, Phys. Fluids 26 (4) (1983) 883–889; M. Pilch, C.A. Erdman, Int. J. Multiphase Flow 13 (6) (1987) 741–757) to determine the fragmentation rate and its outcome. We then conduct a mathematical study of the resulting kinetic equation. We prove, under some physically reasonable assumptions, an existence and uniqueness theorem and characterize the long-time behaviour of the solution. To cite this article: G. Dufour et al., C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris, Ser. I 336 (2003). 相似文献
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