Longitudinal Structure Function F L of Proton from Regge Like Behaviour of Structure Function at Small-x

The evolutions of longitudinal structure function F _L from quantum chromodynamics (QCD) evolution equation in next-to-leading order at small-x is presented using the Regge like behaviour of the structure function. The proposed simple analytical expression for F _L structure function provides the t- and x-evolution equations to study the behaviour of F _L structure function at small-x. The calculated results are compared with the data of H1, ZEUS collaborations and results of Block model, Donnachie–Landshoff model. Our calculated results can be described within the framework of perturbative QCD.     

TELLURIUM(II)-THIOSEMICARBAZONE COMPLEXES‐A PARALLEL TO THE LIGATION OF THIOUREAS

Abstract

The tellurium(II)-complexes of the type Te(XTSC)₂Cl₂ (I) and Te(XTSC)₄Cl₂ (II), where XTSC=benzaldehyde, acetophenone, salicylaldehyde or 2-hydroxyacetophenone thiosemicarbazone have been isolated. The IR, PMR and CMR spectra of the complexes in conjunction with their elemental analyses and conductance measurements, indicate the formation of a three centre-four electron bond between tellurium and two sulphur atoms of the thiosemicarbazones, trans to each other. These results exhibit for the first time that thiosemicarbazones may ligate with tellurium(II) in a manner parallel to that of thioureas. The square planar and octahedral arrangement of the ligands around tellurium are proposed for I and II type complexes respectively.     

A facile,catalyst-free synthesis of new polycyclic pyrrolo[1,2-b]pyrazolone derivatives

A convenient and efficient procedure has been developed for the synthesis of a new ring system, pyrrolo[1,2-b]pyrazolone, via two-component coupling reaction followed by base mediated intramolecular cyclization. Single-pot synthesis replacing the two step process has also been successfully carried out. A series of polycyclic pyrrolo[1,2-b]pyrazolone derivatives have been obtained by employing the procedure along with some fused pyrrol-1-ylamine system. The products were formed very rapidly in catalyst free condition in a good yield (up to 75%) and also it had tolerance to a wide scope of substrates.     

Improved in‐solution trypsin digestion method for methanol–chloroform precipitated cellular proteomics sample

Methanol–chloroform based protein precipitation is an essential step in many liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry‐based cellular proteomics applications. However, re‐solubilization of the total protein precipitate is difficult using regular in‐solution digestion protocol. Sodium deoxycholate is reported as an efficient surfactant for re‐solubilization of membrane fractions. In this study, we demonstrated an application combining methanol–chloroform based protein precipitations and deoxycholic acid assisted re‐solubilization of pellets to evaluate the improvement of protein identifications in mass spectrometry‐based bottom‐up proteomics. We evaluated the modified method using an equal amount of Raw 264.7 mouse macrophage cell lysate. Detailed in‐solution trypsin digestion studies were presented on methanol–chloroform precipitated samples with or without deoxycholic acid treatments and compared with popular sample digestion methods. A mass spectrometric analysis confirmed an 82% increase in protein identification in deoxycholic acid‐treated samples compared to other established methods. Furthermore, liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry analysis of an equal amount of proteins from methanol–chloroform precipitated, and methanol–chloroform/deoxycholic acid‐treated macrophage cell lysate showed a 14% increase and 27% unique protein identifications. We believe this improved digestion method could be a complementary or alternative method for mammalian cell sample preparations where sodium dodecyl sulfate based lysis buffer is frequently used.     

N-Aryl Modification in γ-Lactam: Design and Synthesis of Novel Monocyclic γ-Lactam Derivatives as Inhibitor for Bacterial Propagation

In search of novel γ-lactam antibacterial agents as non-β-lactam mimics of some γ-lactam antibiotics, N-aryl modification in the γ-lactam ring has been made to synthesize compounds 4–8 in two to six steps. Compound 4 was synthesized using the intermolecular Michael addition of diethyl N-(6-coumarinyl)-2-aminomalonate and 3-aryl/(2-heteroaryl)acryloyl chloride followed by intramolecular amidification. Hydrolysis and stereoselective decarboxylation of 4 resulted in the formation of trans- γ-lactam carboxylic acids (5), which on side chain homologation followed by saponification of the intermediate γ-lactam monoester (7) afforded γ-lactam carboxylic derivatives 8. Moderate to good bacterial growth inhibition was observed for some of the synthesized compounds against E. coli and S. aureus.     

Selective extraction of calcium on tri-n-butyl phosphate plasticized selective extraction of calcium on tri-n-butyl phosphate plasticized polyurethane foam for its spectrophotometric determination in glass and ceramics.

The present paper describes the application of a solid phase extraction system in order to separate traces of calcium from glass and ceramics for its spectrophotometric determination. The method is based on the extraction of calcium from sodium hydroxide solution by tri-n-butyl phosphate (TBP) loaded polyurethane foam (PUF), followed by its elution in hydrochloric acid. The spectrophotometric measurement of the absorbance of calcium complex with calconcarboxylic acid (2-hydroxy-1-(2-hydroxy-4-sulfo-1-naphthylazo)-3-naphthoic acid) takes place at pH 12. The following parameters were studied: effects of sodium hydroxide concentration and temperature on the extraction of calcium, time of equilibration for quantitative calcium extraction, effect of TBP concentration, effect of hydrochloric acid concentration for quantitative elution of calcium from PUF, effect of pH and concentration of calconcarboxylic acid for quantitative formation of the complex with calcium, effect of acetone on the stability of calcium-calconcarboxylic acid complex and influence of diverse ions on calcium sorption by TBP-loaded PUF. The results show that calcium traces can be separated onto TBP-loaded PUF from 0.25 mol L(-1) NaOH at 30 +/- 5 degrees C within 30 min. PUF was loaded with TBP in CCl4 (40% v/v). Elution of calcium was done in 1.0 mol l(-1) HCl. The calcium formed a complex with calconcarboxylic acid at pH 12 and absorbance was measured at 560 nm in acetone-water medium. Molar absorptivity was found to be 1.082 x 10(4) l mol(-1) cm(-1). The method obeys Beer's law from 0.10 to 5.0 microg ml(-1) Ca. The validity of the method was established by its successful application in NIST standard reference materials. The method proposed was applied to determine calcium in glass and ceramic materials. The results of the proposed method are comparable with the results of ICP-AES analysis and they are found to be in good agreement.     

Kinetics and mechanism of the reduction of gold(III) by glycine in acetate buffer

The kinetics of reduction of tetrachloroaurate(III) by glycine has been spectrophotometrically studied in NaOAc–AcOH buffer in the pH range 3.73–4.77. The reaction is first order with respect to both Au(III) and glycine. Both H⁺ and Cl⁻ ions have inhibiting effects on the reaction rate. The rate decreases with a decrease in the dielectric constant of the medium. AuCl₄⁻ and AuCl₃(OH)⁻ are presumed to be the predominant oxidizing species under the conditions of the experiment. The reaction of gold(III) and zwitterionic species of glycine proceeds with the intermediate formation of gold(I) and iminic cation and the latter subsequently hydrolyses in a fast step to produce formaldehyde and ammonium ion. Formaldehyde was identified as the only organic product by ¹H NMR spectroscopy.     

On the modularity of supersingular elliptic curves over certain totally real number fields

We study generalisations to totally real fields of the methods originating with Wiles and Taylor and Wiles [A. Wiles, Modular elliptic curves and Fermat's Last Theorem, Ann. of Math. 141 (1995) 443-551; R. Taylor, A. Wiles, Ring-theoretic properties of certain Hecke algebras, Ann. of Math. 141 (1995) 553-572]. In view of the results of Skinner and Wiles [C. Skinner, A. Wiles, Nearly ordinary deformations of irreducible residual representations, Ann. Fac. Sci. Toulouse Math. (6) 10 (2001) 185-215] on elliptic curves with ordinary reduction, we focus here on the case of supersingular reduction. Combining these, we then obtain some partial results on the modularity problem for semistable elliptic curves, and end by giving some applications of our results, for example proving the modularity of all semistable elliptic curves over .     

Novel and rapid palladium-assisted 6pi electrocyclic reaction affording 9,10-dihydrophenanthrene and its analogues

A novel methodology for the synthesis of 9,10-dihydrophenanthrene and its analogues has been developed via a palladium-assisted 6pi electrocyclic reaction followed by formaldehyde elimination.     

Observation of a Long-lived Electronic Coherence Modulated by Vibrational Dynamics in Molecular Nd3+-Complexes at Room Temperature

Temporally delayed, phase-locked coherent pairs of near IR femtosecond laser pulses were employed to study electronic coherences in molecular Nd³⁺-complexes at room temperature. Dissolved and solid complexes were studied under a confocal microscope set-up with fluorescence detection. The observed electronic coherence on a few hundred femtoseconds time scale is modulated by additional coherent wave packet dynamics, which we attribute mainly to be vibrational in nature. In future, the complexes may serve as prototypes for possible applications in quantum information technology.