Antioxidant,antimicrobial and urease inhibiting activities of methanolic extracts from Cyphostemma digitatum stem and roots

Cyphostemma digitatum stem and roots extracts were investigated for antioxidant, antimicrobial, urease inhibition potential and phytochemical analysis. Phytochemical screening of the roots and stem extract revealed the presence of secondary metabolites including flavonoids, alkaloids, coumarins, saponins, terpenoids, tannins, carbohydrates/reducing sugars and phenolic compounds. The methanolic extracts of the roots displayed highest antioxidant activity (93.518%) against DPPH while the crude methanolic extract of the stem showed highest antioxidant activity (66.163%) at 100 μg/mL concentration. The methanolic extracts of both stem and roots were moderately active or even found to be less active against the selected bacterial and fungal strains (Tables S2 and S3). The roots extract (methanol) showed significant urease enzyme inhibition activity (IC₅₀ = 41.2 ± 0.66; 0.2 mg/mL) while the stem extract was found moderately active (IC₅₀ = 401.1 ± 0.58; 0.2 mg/mL) against thiourea (IC₅₀ = 21.011; 0.2 mg/mL).     

Non-minimal coupling of torsion–matter satisfying null energy condition for wormhole solutions

We explore wormhole solutions in a non-minimal torsion–matter coupled gravity by taking an explicit non-minimal coupling between the matter Lagrangian density and an arbitrary function of the torsion scalar. This coupling describes the transfer of energy and momentum between matter and torsion scalar terms. The violation of the null energy condition occurred through an effective energy-momentum tensor incorporating the torsion–matter non-minimal coupling, while normal matter is responsible for supporting the respective wormhole geometries. We consider the energy density in the form of non-monotonically decreasing function along with two types of models. The first model is analogous to the curvature–matter coupling scenario, that is, the torsion scalar with T-matter coupling, while the second one involves a quadratic torsion term. In both cases, we obtain wormhole solutions satisfying the null energy condition. Also, we find that the increasing value of the coupling constant minimizes or vanishes on the violation of the null energy condition through matter.     

Trace determination of lanthanum,cerium, and praseodymium based on adsorptive stripping voltammetry

A sensitive stripping procedure is described for quantifying lanthanum, cerium and praseodymium ions, based on the controlled adsorptive accumulation of the lanthanide/o- cresolphthalexon complex onto the static mercury drop electrode. The effect of various operational parameters on the stripping response is discussed. A 20-min accumulation period coupled with differential pulse measurement of the current resulting from the adsorbed complex permits quantitation down to the 1 × 10^?10 M level. For concentrations ranging from 2.5 × 10^?8 M to 2.5 × 10^?9 M, a 0.5- to 4-min accumulation period is sufficient. The relative standard deviation ar the 7 × 10^?8 M level ranges from 1 to 6%.     

Dynamics of polynomial Chaplygin gas warm inflation

In the present work, we study the consequences of a recently proposed polynomial inflationary potential in the context of the generalized, modified, and generalized cosmic Chaplygin gas models. In addition, we consider dissipative effects by coupling the inflation field to radiation, i.e., the inflationary dynamics is studied in the warm inflation scenario. We take into account a general parametrization of the dissipative coefficient \(\Gamma \) for describing the decay of the inflaton field into radiation. By studying the background and perturbative dynamics in the weak and strong dissipative regimes of warm inflation separately for the positive and negative quadratic and quartic potentials, we obtain expressions for the most relevant inflationary observables as the scalar power spectrum, the scalar spectral, and the tensor-to-scalar ratio. We construct the trajectories in the \(n_\mathrm{s}\)–r plane for several expressions of the dissipative coefficient and compare with the two-dimensional marginalized contours for (\(n_\mathrm{s},r\)) from the latest Planck data. We find that our results are in agreement with WMAP9 and Planck 2015 data.     

Energy and Entropy Analyses of a Pilot-Scale Dual Heating HDH Desalination System

This study focuses on energy and entropy analysis to theoretically investigate the performance of a pilot scale dual heated humidification-dehumidification (HDH) desalination system. Two cases of HDH systems are considered in the analysis. The first case is a dual heated (DH) cycle consisting of 1.59 kW air heater and 1.42 kW water heater with a heat rate ratio of 0.89 (CAOW-DH-I). Whereas the second case is a dual heated HDH cycle comprising of 1.59 kW air heater and 2.82 kW water heater with a heat rate ratio of 1.77 (CAOW-DH-II). As a first step, mathematical code was developed based on heat and mass transfer and entropy generation within the major components of the system. The code was validated against the experimental data obtained from a pilot scale HDH system and was found to be in a good agreement with the experimental results. Theoretical results revealed that there is an optimal mass flowrate ratio at which GOR is maximized, and entropy generation is minimized. Furthermore, the degree of irreversibility within the humidifier component is low and approaches zero, while the specific entropy generation within other components are relatively high and are of the same order of magnitude. Entropy analysis also showed that the dual heated system with heat rate ratio greater than unity is better than the one with heat rate ratio less than unity.     

Thermal analysis in swirling flow of titanium dioxide–aluminum oxide water hybrid nanofluid over a rotating cylinder

Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry - The purpose of this study is to examine the flow features and heat transfer in the presence of nanoparticles which are used to enhance the...     

More Differentiability for the Parameter Integral

In this paper we present new and generalized results on the differentiability of the parameter integral, in abstract spaces as well.     

An improved heat conduction analysis in swirling viscoelastic fluid with homogeneous–heterogeneous reactions

Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry - This paper studies an unsteady magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) Maxwell fluid flow on a rotating as well as a vertically moving disk in the presence of...