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161.
John Phillips 《Journal of Functional Analysis》1983,51(3):259-267
Let B be a unital C1-algebra and A = Γ(E) be the C1-algebra of sections of a bundle over the separable compact space X with fibre B and structure group Inn B. If B is the quotient of an AW1-algebra, then an exact sequence: 0 → Inn A → PInn A →ηH2(X, G), where PInn A is the group of pointwise inner automorphisms of A and G=H°(Z(B)^, ) is obtained. The map η is onto whenever A = C(X, B) and B is the quotient of a purely infinite AW1-algebra. An essential part of the analysis is the result that Ad: U(B) → Inn B is a fibre bundle if and only if the space of inner derivations of B is norm closed. These results extend and clarify previous joint work with I. Raeburn (Indiana Univ. Math. J.29 (1980), 799). 相似文献
162.
Heteronuclear diethylcarbamato complexes of the form Co(n)()Mg(6)(-)(n)()(Et(2)NCO(2))(12) were prepared from the isostructural homonuclear precursors Mg(6)(Et(2)NCO(2))(12), 1, and Co(6)(Et(2)NCO(2))(12), 2, via a solvothermal methodology. Two materials were selected for single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis: Co(1.6)Mg(4.4)(Et(2)NCO(2))(12) and Co(2.7)Mg(3.3)(Et(2)NCO(2))(12). Both compounds crystallize in the orthorhombic space group Ccca, as do 1 and 2. The molecular structure is best described as two trinuclear M(3) units cross-linked by diethylcarbamate ligands and twisted about one another, so that the complex has overall D(2) symmetry and is chiral. Each trinuclear unit consists of two terminal pentacoordinate metal ions and one central hexacoordinate metal ion. The X-ray diffraction data were unambiguous that the Co(2+) ions migrate exclusively to the pentacoordinate sites in the heteronuclear complexes, thus demonstrating that metal ion scrambling at the molecular level must occur. The composition of individual crystals can be continuously varied for Co(2+) mole fractions chi(Co) < 0.5, and the a and c unit cell distances are linearly related to chi(Co). This indicates that the compounds behave as solid solutions. There appears to be either a chemical or crystallographic phenomenon inherent in the synthetic methodology that prevents isolation of heteronuclear materials having chi(Co) > 0.5. Solution electronic spectroscopy and molecular weight measurements show that 2 can dissociate in chloroform and cyclohexane solution to give a dimeric complex 2'. This behavior contrasts with the stability of 1 in solution, as shown by NMR. The kinetic rate profile for formation of Co(n)Mg(6-n)(Et(2)NCO(2))(12) reveals saturation kinetics and is consistent with direct attack by 2' on 1 to give the heteronuclear complex via a higher nuclearity intermediate. This study illustrates a general method for the preparation of solids based on heteronuclear Werner-type complexes of the M(6)(Et(2)NCO(2))(12) structure type, and the mechanism by which such compounds can be formed from isostructural homonuclear precursors. 相似文献
163.
Chiu-Hong Lin Michael D. Ennis Robert L. Hoffman Gillian Phillips Susanne R. Haadsma-Svensson Nabil B. Ghazal Connie G. Chidester 《Journal of heterocyclic chemistry》1994,31(1):129-139
An efficient synthesis of the potent and orally active 5-HT1A agonists, (R)-(+)- and (S)-(-)-1-formyl-6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-N,N-dipropyl-3H-benz[e]indol-8-amines 1a and 1b , is described. This synthesis was accomplished in twelve steps from commercially available 1,5,6,7-tetrahydro-4H-indol-4-one ( 5 ). The key step involved a regio-controlled Friedel-Crafts acylation of 1-(p-toluenesulfonyl)indol-4-acetyl chloride with ethylene to yield a versatile synthon, 3-(p-toluenesulfonyl)-6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-3H-benz[e]indol-8-one ( 10 ). Subsequent coupling of this ketone with chiral α-methylbenzylamine under reductive amination conditions yielded a mixture of diastereomers. These diastereomers were efficiently separated by either chromatography or fractional recrystallization of the derived hydrochloride salts. Debenzylation of the pure diastereomers was followed by alkylation and formylation to yield (R)-(+)- and (S)-(-)-enantiomers 1a and 1b with >99% purity. 相似文献
164.
V. Barger A. D. Martin R. J. N. Phillips 《Zeitschrift fur Physik C Particles and Fields》1983,21(1):99-101
We point out properties of the “perpendicularev mass”, defined in terms of transverse momentap t byM T 2 (ev)=2|p eT | |p vT |?2p eT ·p vT , that make it particularly well suited toW mass and width determinations. We give an analytic expression for its distribution inW production and subsequentW→ev decay a \(\bar pp\) colliders, accurate to order 〈p WT 2 /M W 2 〉≈1%. A maximum likelihood fit of this formula to the five UA1 events givesM W=80.3 ?3 +6 GeV. 相似文献
165.
We report on the coupling of a polymer-based microfluidic chip to a MALDI-TOF MS using a rotating ball interface. The microfluidic chips were fabricated by micromilling a mold insert into a brass plate, which was then used for replicating polymer microparts via hot embossing. Assembly of the chip was accomplished by thermally annealing a cover slip to the embossed substrate to enclose the channels. The linear separation channel was 50 microm wide, 100 microm deep, and possessed an 8 cm effective length separation channel with a double-T injector (V(inj) = 10 nL). The exit of the separation channel was machined to allow direct contact deposition of effluent onto a specially constructed rotating ball inlet to the mass spectrometer. Matrix addition was accomplished in-line on the surface of the ball. The coupling utilized the ball as the cathode transfer electrode to transport sample into the vacuum for desorption with a 355 nm Nd:YAG laser and analyzed on a TOF mass spectrometer. The ball was cleaned online after every rotation. The ability to couple poly(methylmethacrylate) microchip electrophoresis devices for the separation of peptides and peptide fragments produced from a protein digest with subsequent online MALDI MS detection was demonstrated. 相似文献
166.
The design and operation of an automatic controlled-potential coulometer is described. It was primarily designed for use with mg quantities of uranium, neptunium and plutonium but can in principle be used on any element possessing more than one valency state in solution. It is capable of an accuracy and precision of ±0.25% and can analyse up to 20 samples on a set programme without operator attention. 相似文献
167.
Koontz JL Phillips KM Wunderlich KM Exler J Holden JM Gebhardt SE Haytowitz DB 《Journal of AOAC International》2005,88(3):805-813
Analysis of total folate concentration measured by microbiological assay in a variety of foods submitted in a routine manner to experienced laboratories that regularly perform folate analysis on fee-for-service basis was evaluated. Homogenates of fresh strawberries, frozen spinach, orange juice, frozen meat and vegetable pizza, dry macaroni, and dried pinto beans were prepared and stored under conditions previously determined to maintain stability of folate content. An aliquot of each composite and of 3 certified reference materials were sent on each of 4 occasions to 4 laboratories. Results for macaroni and pizza, the only folic acid-fortified foods, had considerably lower between-laboratory variation (CV(B)) with CV(B) of 9-11% versus >45% for other foods. Mean total folate ranged from 14 to 279 microg/100 g for a mixed vegetable reference material, from 5 to 70 microg/100 g for strawberries, and from 28 to 81 microg/100 g for wholemeal flour. Only 1 laboratory reported using a tri-enzyme extraction, and all laboratories used folic acid fortified foods as internal control materials. Users of commercial total folate analysis should understand the uncertainty in values determined by microbiological assay, particularly for foods containing primarily naturally occurring folate, which may not be apparent when replicate samples are not submitted for analysis. 相似文献
168.
Martin JN Muñoz EM Schwergold C Souard F Asensio JL Jiménez-Barbero J Cañada J Vicent C 《Journal of the American Chemical Society》2005,127(26):9518-9533
Sugar-oligoamides have been designed and synthesized as structurally simple carbohydrate-based ligands to study carbohydrate-DNA interactions. The general design of the ligands 1-3 has been done as to favor the bound conformation of Distamycin-type gamma-linked covalent dimers which is a hairpin conformation. Indeed, NMR analysis of the sugar-oligoamides in the free state has indicated the presence of a percentage of a hairpin conformation in aqueous solution. The DNA binding activity of compounds 1-3 was confirmed by calf thymus DNA (ct-DNA) NMR titration. Interestingly, the binding of the different sugar-oligoamides seems to be modulated by the sugar configuration. Semiquantitative structural information about the DNA ligand complexes has been derived from NMR data. A competition experiment with Netropsin suggested that the sugar-oligoamide 3 bind to DNA in the minor groove. The NMR titrations of 1-3 with poly(dA-dT) and poly(dG-dC) suggested preferential binding to the ATAT sequence. TR-NOE NMR experiments for the sugar-oligoamide 3-ct-DNA complex both in D(2)O and H(2)O have confirmed the complex formation and given information on the conformation of the ligand in the bound state. The data confirmed that the sugar-oligoamide ligand is a hairpin in the bound state. Even more relevant to our goal, structural information on the conformation around the N-glycosidic linkage has been accessed. Thus, the sugar asymmetric centers pointing to the NH-amide and N-methyl rims of the molecule have been characterized. 相似文献
169.
Jason R McCarthyPatricia J Melfi Steven H CapettaChristian Brückner 《Tetrahedron》2003,59(46):9137-9146
The use of AgII as a removable template in synthetic porphyrin chemistry is described. Mild procedures for the insertion of AgII into chlorins and the demetallation of the [chlorinato]AgII complexes are delineated. The UV-vis spectra of the novel [chlorinato]AgII complexes are discussed. The diol cleavage products of [meso-tetraphenyl-2,3-diolchlorinato]silver(II) under a number of conditions are characterized and compared to those resulting from the cleavage of the corresponding free base diol chlorin or its NiII complex, highlighting the unique templating effect of AgII. The scopes and limits of electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) for the analysis of AgII chlorins is described. The use of AgII as a templating metal is superior over NiII or ZnII for the preparation of free base pyrrole-modified porphyrins along metal templated pathways. 相似文献
170.
The temperature dependence of phosphorescence of model enone compounds in poly (methyl methacrylate) matrix and glassy methylcyclohexane/isopentane solution and of enones formed from thermal oxidation of poly (butadiene) has been studied over the temperature range 77–220°K. The single discontinuity in the plot for the model enone-glassy solvent is due to the freezing of a (solvent perturbed) barrier to rotation in the enone, and an analogous transition is also observed in the model enone poly (methyl methacrylate) samples and in thermally oxidised poly (butadiene). In the polymer matrices, a second transition corresponding to the γ-transition in poly (methyl methacrylate) and the glass transition temperature Tg in poly (butadiene) are also revealed in the Arrhenius plots. The results demonstrate that care must be taken in ascribing such discontinuities solely to polymer properties since intrinsic properties of the luminescence probe itself may exhibit similar features. 相似文献