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61.
The covering graph of a lattice which is contained in an ordered set with a planar covering graph is itself planar.Presented by R. W. Quackenbush. 相似文献
62.
On the numerical solution of axisymmetric domain optimization problems by dual finite element method
Shape optimization of an axisymmetric three-dimensional domain with an elliptic boundary value state problem is solved. Since the cost functional is given in terms of the cogradient of the solution, a dual finite element method based on the minimum of complementary energy principle is used. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 相似文献
63.
We analyze the polarization changes introduced by a rotated Dove prism on the linearly polarized light, using the Jones calculus and the exact ray trace analysis. The state of polarization changes from the linear to a mildly elliptical one when a plane wave front passes through a rotated Dove prism: its semi-major axis is nearly parallel to the input plane of polarization, for any angle of prism rotation. The interferogram contrast remains high for all shearing angles in spite of polarization changes when the Dove prism is incorporated into a rotational shearing interferometer. These results are confirmed experimentally. 相似文献
64.
In this paper, a projection method is presented for solving the flow problems in domains with moving boundaries. In order to track the movement of the domain boundaries, arbitrary‐Lagrangian–Eulerian (ALE) co‐ordinates are used. The unsteady incompressible Navier–Stokes equations on the ALE co‐ordinates are solved by using a projection method developed in this paper. This projection method is based on the Bell's Godunov‐projection method. However, substantial changes are made so that this algorithm is capable of solving the ALE form of incompressible Navier–Stokes equations. Multi‐block structured grids are used to discretize the flow domains. The grid velocity is not explicitly computed; instead the volume change is used to account for the effect of grid movement. A new method is also proposed to compute the freestream capturing metrics so that the geometric conservation law (GCL) can be satisfied exactly in this algorithm. This projection method is also parallelized so that the state of the art high performance computers can be used to match the computation cost associated with the moving grid calculations. Several test cases are solved to verify the performance of this moving‐grid projection method. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
65.
The interplay between inertia and elasticity is examined for transient free‐surface flow inside a narrow channel. The lubrication theory is extended for the flow of viscoelastic fluids of the Oldroyd‐B type (consisting of a Newtonian solvent and a polymeric solute). While the general formulation accounts for non‐linearities stemming from inertia effects in the momentum conservation equation, and the upper‐convected terms in the constitutive equation, only the front movement contributes to non‐linear coupling for a flow inside a straight channel. In this case, it is possible to implement a spectral representation in the depthwise direction for the velocity and stress. The evolution of the flow field is obtained locally, but the front movement is captured only in the mean sense. The influence of inertia, elasticity and viscosity ratio is examined for pressure‐induced flow. The front appears to progress monotonically with time. However, the velocity and stress exhibit typically a strong overshoot upon inception, accompanied by a plug‐flow behaviour in the channel core. The flow intensity eventually diminishes with time, tending asymptotically to Poiseuille conditions. For highly elastic liquids the front movement becomes oscillatory, experiencing strong deceleration periodically. A multiple‐scale solution is obtained for fluids with no inertia and small elasticity. Comparison with the exact (numerical) solution indicates a wide range of validity for the analytical result. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
66.
Heat Kernel Asymptotics of Zaremba Boundary Value Problem 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The Zaremba boundary-value problem is a boundary value problem for Laplace-type second-order partial differential operators
acting on smooth sections of a vector bundle over a smooth compact Riemannian manifold with smooth boundary but with discontinuous
boundary conditions, which include Dirichlet boundary conditions on one part of the boundary and Neumann boundary conditions
on another part of the boundary. We study the heat kernel asymptotics of Zaremba boundary value problem. The construction
of the asymptotic solution of the heat equation is described in detail and the heat kernel is computed explicitly in the leading
approximation. Some of the first nontrivial coefficients of the heat kernel asymptotic expansion are computed explicitly.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
67.
Lisa A. Liotta Irene Medina Jennifer L. Robinson Po-Shen Pan Jennifer V.C. Johnston Fiona A. Curtis Shelli R. McAlpine 《Tetrahedron letters》2004,45(46):8447-8450
Described are the syntheses of 15 macrocyclic peptides designed to trap Holliday junctions (HJs) in bacteria during site-specific and homologous recombination. This leads to inhibiting bacterial growth. These second generation macrocycles were based on the C-2 symmetrical HJ. They were synthesized using a strategy that permits elucidation of the amino acid role in binding HJs. The syntheses of these macrocycles are an important step in the development of a new class of antibiotics. 相似文献
68.
Ziqing Duan Xiaofeng Wang Danfeng Yang Xiaoming Pan Pingchu Wang 《Solid State Communications》2005,134(8):559-563
0.65Pb(In1/2Nb1/2)O3-0.35PbTiO3 (PINT65/35) (starting composition) single crystals were grown successfully through the solution Bridgman technique using PbO flux and PMNT67/33 seed crystals. Because of the composition variation, the final composition of achievable crystals is in a range of 0.32-0.34 with the corresponding Tc range of 265-269 °C. The (001) plates of as-grown PINT66/34 single crystals show high Curie temperature (Tc=269 °C) and rhombohedral-tetragonal phase transition temperature (Trt=134 °C). Besides, good electrical properties with high dielectric constant (ε>3000), low dielectric loss (tan δ∼1.2%), high piezoelectric constant (d33∼2000 pC/N) and large electromechanical coupling factor (kt≈59%) at room temperature have been obtained on the (001) plates. The sound velocity, acoustic impedance and other piezoelectric parameters were also measured on the (001) plates in this study, which provide us more detailed information about PINT66/34 single crystals. 相似文献
69.
Spirals generated from the excitable media within the Barkley model is investigated under the gradient electric fields by a numerical simulation. The spiral drift and spiral break up are observed when the amplitude of the electric fields is modulated by a constant signal or a chaotic signal. It is also verified that, even in the presence of the white noise, the whole system can reach homogeneous states after the spiral breakup, by using an adaptive strategy. 相似文献
70.
We obtain the complete asymptotic expansion of the image functions of Müller’s Gamma operators and of their derivatives. All expansion coefficients are explicitly calculated. Moreover, we study linear combinations of Gamma operators having a better degree of approximation than the operators themselves. Using divided differences we define general classes of linear combinations of which special cases were recently introduced and investigated by other authors. 相似文献