DMSA and its complexes with radioisotopes: review

Meso-2,3-dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) forms stable complexes with a remarkable wide range of metal ions. This relatively small molecule has attracted increasing attention in the field of radiopharmacy, treatment of heavy metal intoxications and nanoparticles preparation. In this review detailed summary of all physical, chemical and biological properties of DMSA and its complex compounds with ^99mTc, ^186/188Re, ¹⁶⁶Ho, ¹⁷⁷Lu and ⁹⁰Y is provided. The clinical utilisation of DMSA complexes in the nuclear medicine and its use for treatment of heavy metal intoxication is briefly summarised. The aspects of its application in the field of nanoparticles preparation is behind the scope of this review, therefore it is only shortly described.     

The μSR facilities at PSI

TheSR Facility Instruments presently available at PSI and the envisaged medium- and long-term developments are presented. The plans focus on further upgrades of the existing instruments and the development of new techniques using the very high fluxes becoming available at PSI, in particular the setup of a beamline with a fast kicker for muons on request (MORE) and the development of very low energy muon beams.     

The Lattice of Deductive Systems on Hilbert Algebras

The concept of deductive system on a Hilbert algebra was introduced by A. Diego. We show that the set Ded A of all deductive systems on a Hilbert algebra A forms an algebraic lattice which is distributive.AMS Classification (2000): 06F35, 03G25, 08A30     

Buckling of a Timoshenko beam on elastic foundation with uncertain input data

A monotone dependence of the critical buckling load of a simplysupported Timoshenko–Mindlin beam both on the shear correctionfactor and on the stiffness of foundation is proved. Then theworst-scenario method is employed to find the ‘most dangerous’input data.     

Asymptotic approximation of functions and their derivatives by Müller’s Gamma operators

We obtain the complete asymptotic expansion of the image functions of Müller’s Gamma operators and of their derivatives. All expansion coefficients are explicitly calculated. Moreover, we study linear combinations of Gamma operators having a better degree of approximation than the operators themselves. Using divided differences we define general classes of linear combinations of which special cases were recently introduced and investigated by other authors.     

Lattices contained in planar orders are planar

The covering graph of a lattice which is contained in an ordered set with a planar covering graph is itself planar.Presented by R. W. Quackenbush.     

Separation of vibrational-electronic Hamiltonian in crude representation

A separation of the vibrational-electronic Hamiltonian in crude representation is presented. The separation is done in the following way: first we quantize only the electronic states on the unperturbed Hamiltonian level, then using the perturbation theory, we treat the terms where we have electronic operators to obtain new harmonic potential energy. Then we quantize a-posteriori the nuclear motion and as a result the only perturbation term is due to anharmonicity.     

Introduction and Analysis of a Method for the Investigation of QCD-like Tree Data

The properties of decays that take place during jet formation cannot be easily deduced from the final distribution of particles in a detector. In this work, we first simulate a system of particles with well-defined masses, decay channels, and decay probabilities. This presents the “true system” for which we want to reproduce the decay probability distributions. Assuming we only have the data that this system produces in the detector, we decided to employ an iterative method which uses a neural network as a classifier between events produced in the detector by the “true system” and some arbitrary “test system”. In the end, we compare the distributions obtained with the iterative method to the “true” distributions.     

Assessment of Cardiorespiratory Interactions during Apneic Events in Sleep via Fuzzy Kernel Measures of Information Dynamics

Apnea and other breathing-related disorders have been linked to the development of hypertension or impairments of the cardiovascular, cognitive or metabolic systems. The combined assessment of multiple physiological signals acquired during sleep is of fundamental importance for providing additional insights about breathing disorder events and the associated impairments. In this work, we apply information-theoretic measures to describe the joint dynamics of cardiorespiratory physiological processes in a large group of patients reporting repeated episodes of hypopneas, apneas (central, obstructive, mixed) and respiratory effort related arousals (RERAs). We analyze the heart period as the target process and the airflow amplitude as the driver, computing the predictive information, the information storage, the information transfer, the internal information and the cross information, using a fuzzy kernel entropy estimator. The analyses were performed comparing the information measures among segments during, immediately before and after the respiratory event and with control segments. Results highlight a general tendency to decrease of predictive information and information storage of heart period, as well as of cross information and information transfer from respiration to heart period, during the breathing disordered events. The information-theoretic measures also vary according to the breathing disorder, and significant changes of information transfer can be detected during RERAs, suggesting that the latter could represent a risk factor for developing cardiovascular diseases. These findings reflect the impact of different sleep breathing disorders on respiratory sinus arrhythmia, suggesting overall higher complexity of the cardiac dynamics and weaker cardiorespiratory interactions which may have physiological and clinical relevance.     

Assessment of dynamic closure for premixed combustion large eddy simulation

Turbulent piloted Bunsen flames of stoichiometric methane–air mixtures are computed using the large eddy simulation (LES) paradigm involving an algebraic closure for the filtered reaction rate. This closure involves the filtered scalar dissipation rate of a reaction progress variable. The model for this dissipation rate involves a parameter β_c representing the flame front curvature effects induced by turbulence, chemical reactions, molecular dissipation, and their interactions at the sub-grid level, suggesting that this parameter may vary with filter width or be a scale-dependent. Thus, it would be ideal to evaluate this parameter dynamically by LES. A procedure for this evaluation is discussed and assessed using direct numerical simulation (DNS) data and LES calculations. The probability density functions of β_c obtained from the DNS and LES calculations are very similar when the turbulent Reynolds number is sufficiently large and when the filter width normalised by the laminar flame thermal thickness is larger than unity. Results obtained using a constant (static) value for this parameter are also used for comparative evaluation. Detailed discussion presented in this paper suggests that the dynamic procedure works well and physical insights and reasonings are provided to explain the observed behaviour.