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981.
Érika Pinto Marinho A. G. Souza Danniely S. de Melo Iêda M. G. Santos Dulce M. A. Melo Walquíria J. da Silva 《Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry》2007,87(3):801-804
Because
of their electrical, magnetic and catalytic properties rare earth and transition
metal mixed oxides are important compounds. Lanthanum chromites have been
extensively used as solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) interconnect materials. In
this work, lanthanum chromites partially substituted by alkaline earth metals
were synthesized by the urea combustion process. TG and DSC techniques were
used to evaluate the presence of the organic material in the powder after
reaction on the hot plate. The powders were calcinated at 900°C and characterized
by XRD and SEM. The results show that the particles have nanometric dimensions
and the perovskite structure was formed. 相似文献
982.
A method is described to evaluate backbone interactions in proteins via computational unnatural amino acid mutagenesis. Several N-acetyl polyalanyl amides (AcA(n)NH(2)) were optimized in the representative helical (3(10)-, 4(13)-, and a "hybrid" kappa-helix, n = 7, 9, 10, 14) and hairpin (two- and three-stranded antiparallel beta-sheets with type I turns betaalphaalphaepsilon, n = 6, 9, 10) conformations, and extended conformers of N-acetyl polyalanyl methylamides (n = 2, 3) were used to derive multistranded beta-sheet fragments. Subsequently, each residue of every model structure was substituted, one at a time, with l-lactic acid. The resulting mutant structures were again optimized, and group-transfer energies DeltaE(GT) were obtained as heats of the isodesmic reactions: AcA(n)NHR + AcOMe --> AcA(x)LacA(y)NHR + AcNHMe (R = H, CH(3)). These group-transfer energies correlate with the degree of charge polarization of the substituted peptide linkages as measured by the difference Deltae in H and O Mulliken populations in HN-C=O and with the H-bond distances in the "wild-type" structures. A good correlation obtains for the HF/3-21G and B3LYP/6-31G* group-transfer energies. The destabilization effects are interpreted in terms of loss of interstrand and intrastrand H-bonds, decrease in Lewis basicity of the C=O group, and O...O repulsion. On the basis of several comparisons of Ala --> Lac DeltaE(GT)'s with heats of the NH --> CH(2) substitutions, the latter contribution is estimated (B3LYP/6-31G*) to range between 1.5 and 2.4 kcal mol(-1), a figure close to the recent experimental DeltaDeltaG(o) value of 2.6 kcal mol(-1) (McComas, C. C.; Crowley, B. M.; Boger, D. L. J. Am.Chem. Soc. 2003, 125, 9314). The partitioning yields the following maximum values of the electronic association energy of H-bonds in the examined sample of model structures (B3LYP/6-31G* estimates): 3(10)-helix D(e) = -1.7 kcal mol(-1), alpha-helix D(e) = -3.8 kcal mol(-1), beta-sheet D(e) = -6.1 kcal mol(-1). The premise of experimental evaluations of the backbone-backbone H-bonding that Ala --> Lac substitution in proteins is isosteric (e.g., Koh, J. T.; Cornish, V. W.; Schultz, P. G. Biochemistry 1997, 36, 11314) is often but not always corroborated. Examination of the integrity of H-bonding pattern and phi(i), psi(i) distribution identified several mutants with significant distortions of the "wild-type" structure resulting inter alia from the transitions between i, i + 3 and i, i + 4 H-bonding in helices, observed previously in the crystallographic studies of depsipeptides (Ohyama, T.; Oku, H.; Hiroki, A.; Maekawa, Y.; Yoshida, M.; Katakai, R. Biopolymers 2000, 54, 375; Karle, I. L.; Das, C.; Balaram, P. Biopolymers 2001, 59, 276). Thus, the isodesmic reaction approach provides a simple way to gauge how conformation of the polypeptide chain and dimensions of the H-bonding network affect the strength of backbone-backbone C=O...HN bonds. The results indicate that the stabilization provided by such interactions increases on going from 3(10)-helix to alpha-helix to beta-sheet. 相似文献
983.
A major issue with the electrolytic conductivity measurement for pure water is the lack of standard or reference methods.
A primary method traceable to SI and suitable for pure-water conductivity measurement was developed at the Physikalisch-Technische
Bundesanstalt (PTB), Germany, as the base for the calibration method for the conductivity measuring devices at the low conductivity
level. This paper provides a novel method to calculate the bulk resistance of pure water using impedance measured at a single
frequency, which is one of the key procedures for the primary methods. 相似文献
984.
Three novel heteropolytungstates, [Cu(phen)2]4[α-SiW12O40] (1), [Cu4(4,4′-bpy)3(2,2′-bpy)4][α-SiW12O40] · H2O (2) and [Cu(4,4′-bpy)(4,4′-Hbpy)0.5]2[PW12O40] (3) (phen = 1,10-phenanthroline, 4,4′-bpy = 4,4′-bipyridine, 2,2′-bpy = 2,2′-bipyridine), have been synthesized and characterized
by elemental analyses, IR, TG analyses and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Compound (1) exhibits interesting chiral layer constructed from interperpendicular helical chains running along a crystallographic 21 axis in the c and a directions. Furthermore, the chiral layers are connected by the [α-SiW12O40]4− anions via hydrogen bonding interactions to form a 3D superamolecular structure. The [Cu4(4,4′-bpy)3(2,2′-bpy)4]4+ coordinated complexes in compound (2) are packed together via the aromatic π–π stacking interactions and exhibit an interesting 3D sandglasslike “host” network with 1D channels, in which
[α-SiW12O40]4− anions “guests” reside. Compound (3) has a unique 2D superamolecular network, which is composed of cationic CuI coordination polymer chains and discrete [PW12O40]3− polyoxoanions as linkers. It is noteworthy that the monprotonated 4,4′-bpy ligands of (3) act as arms and connect the adjacent 2D network, generating a 3D interpenetrating superamolecular structure. 相似文献
985.
Five new CuII complexes of general formula [Cu2(Rdtc)tpmc](ClO4)3, (1)–(5), where tpmc and Rdtc
– refer to N,N,N,N-tetrakis(2-pyridylmethyl)-1,4,8,11-teraazacyclotetradecane and piperidine- (Pipdtc), 4-morpholine- (Morphdtc), 4-thiomorpholine- (Timdtc), piperazine- (Pzdtc) or N-methylpiperazine- (N-Mepzdtc) dithiocarbamates, respectively, have been prepared. Elemental analyses, conductometric and magnetic measurements, u.v./vis, i.r., e.p.r. and mass spectroscopy have been employed to characterize them. The complexes adopt an exo coordination of CuII ions and tpmc. The dithiocarbamate ion joins both the sulphur and the copper atoms acting as a bridging ligand The presence of different heteroatoms in the piperidine ring influences the (C=N) and (C=S) vibrations which decrease in the order of the complexes: Pipdtc>N-Mepipdtc>Pzdtc>Morphdtc>Timdtc ligands. Attention has been paid to the detailed mechanism of the mass spectral fragmentation of the complexes. The g
eff factors of the complexes have been also estimated by e.p.r. spectra. Finally, the complexes obtained demonstrate microbiologycal activity against some bacteria. 相似文献
986.
Jorge Casas-Sanchez M. Asuncion Alsina Mathias K. Herrlein Concepció Mestres 《Colloid and polymer science》2007,285(12):1351-1360
Oleuropein, a secoiridoid glycoside extracted from the olive tree, Olea europaea L., has been described as showing antibacterial properties. However, the exact mechanism of these antimicrobial properties
is not yet well understood. In the present study, we have studied the interaction of oleuropein with phosphatidylglycerol
(PG) as a model membrane for Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) (Gram-positive bacteria) and phosphatidylethanolamine and Escherichia coli (E. coli) lipid extract as a model membrane for E. coli (Gram-negative bacteria). The study has been carried out using monolayers as model membranes and using kinetics at constant
area and compression isotherms with Brewster angle microscopy (BAM) observations. The results show that oleuropein interacts
in higher extent with PG monolayers, which is related with its stronger antibacterial effect against Gram-positive bacteria.
The effects on the membrane are probably produced at the cell surface because oleuropein did not form stable mixed monolayers
with the lipids assayed at the air/water interface. 相似文献
987.
Aydin Tavman Naz M. Agh-Atabay Sadik Guner Fahrettin Gucin Basaran Dulger 《Transition Metal Chemistry》2007,32(2):172-179
2-(5-H/Me/Cl-1H-benzimidazol-2-yl)-phenol ligands form 1:1 electrolytes, 5-coordinate monometallic complexes with iron(III) nitrate. The geometry of the [Fe(L)(OH)(H2O)2](NO3) complexes was derived from theoretical calculation in DGauss/DFT level (DZVP basis set) on CACHE. In all of the complexes
the ligands are bidentate, via one imine nitrogen atom and phenolate oxygen atom. The coordination is completed with a hydroxide ion, and two water molecules,
adopting a distorted square pyramidal geometry. The structures of the compounds were confirmed on the basis of elemental analysis,
molar conductivity, magnetic moment, FT-Raman, FT-IR (mid-IR, far-IR), EPR and u.v.–vis. The antimicrobial activities of the
free ligands, their hydrochloride salts, and the complexes were evaluated using the disk diffusion method in dimethyl sulfoxide
(DMSO) as well as the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) dilution method, against nine bacteria and the results are compared
with several known antibiotic agents. Antifungal activities were reported for Candida albicans, Kluyveromyces fragilis, Rhodotorula rubra, Debaryomyces hansenii, Hanseniaspora guilliermondii, and the results were referenced against nystatin, ketaconazole, and clotrimazole antifungal agents. In most cases, the compounds
tested showed broad-spectrum (Gram+ & Gram− bacteria) activities that were either more active or as potent as the references. 相似文献
988.
Vytautas Getautis Giedre Sinkeviciute Albina Stanisauskaite 《Monatshefte für Chemie / Chemical Monthly》2007,138(5):477-480
Summary. A synthesis of 1,2-diphenylpyrazolidin-4-ol via direct heterocyclization of 1,2-diphenylhydrazine with 1-chloro-2,3-epoxypropane, its O-epoxypropyl-, O-ethyl-, and O-benzylderivatives are described. Novel hydrazone derivatives with pyrazolidine units were also synthesized. The compounds
were characterized by spectroscopic methods as well as elemental analyses. 相似文献
989.
Mixed gels of starch and bentonite are investigated in the interval 0.056–0.089 of total solids/water ratio and 0-100% starch in the solids. The bentonite was a sodium calcium bentonite with a Na/Ca ratio of 1.76. In water it forms gels consisting of a network of band-type structures. Starch forms gels through hydrogen bonds between granules and/or amylose and amylopectin present on the external surfaces of granules and/or in fully stretched form. Mixed gels of bentonite and starch were obtained by adding corn starch granules to the already formed bentonite gels and heating the mixture above the Kofler gelatinization temperature. Amylose and amylopectin were adsorbed on strands of band-type structures of mont-morillonite lamellae. Starch gellation, e.g. diffusion of amylose out of the granule, was facilitated in the presence of bentonite. On the other hand, the presence of starch favored delamination of the montmorillonite particle into thinner lamellae. Maximum gelatinization and polymer adsorption were observed for gels with 20% starch and 80% bentonite. Montmorillonite networks formed the continuous phase for 0-80% starch. At higher starch concentrations, montmorillonite flakes were dispersed within the polymer network. Increase in the water content of the gels caused segregation of the bentonite and starch. 相似文献
990.
B. Schoofs T. Mouganie B. A. Glowacki V. Cloet S. Hoste I. Van Driessche 《Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology》2007,41(2):113-122
Today, the deposition of coated conductors on a variety of substrates is often performed using a vacuum or low pressure technique.
However, obtaining uninterrupted deposition at high speed, increasing flexibility in composition and attaining independence
of geometric constraints of the substrates are areas in which vacuum techniques will need sustained development in order to
answer industrial demands. The development of the next generation of deposition methods, based on deposition under atmospheric
environment and from aqueous precursor solutions is a real challenge. This work describes the deposition of thin NdBa2Cu3O7-y layers on SrTiO3 single crystals based on a new sol-gel dip coating process using aqueous precursor solutions. Two inorganic aqueous sol-gel
routes were investigated, a metal nitrate–citric acid based and a metal acetate–triethanol amine based solution. Using detailed
thermal analysis, it is shown that adjusting the different parameters during thermal treatment can be used to control the
morphology of the films. Also special attention is given to the microstructure of the thin film because of its relevance to
the superconducting transport properties of the coated conductor system. 相似文献