Reducing the molecule-substrate coupling in C60-based nanostructures by molecular interactions

Codeposition of C60 and the three-dimensional molecular hydrocarbon 1,3,5,7-tetraphenyladamantane (TPA) on Au(111) leads to the spontaneous formation of molecular nanostructures in which each fullerene is locked into a specific orientation by three surrounding TPA. Scanning tunneling spectroscopy shows that the electronic coupling of C60 with the surface is significantly reduced in these nanostructures, enhancing the free-molecule properties. As evidenced by density functional theory simulations, the nanostructures are stabilized by 18 local electrostatic forces between C60 and TPA, resulting in a lifting of the C60 cage from the surface.     

Second-harmonic and sum-frequency generation in AgGaSe2 with tunable waveguide CO2 lasers

A tunable source is described, giving extensive coverage of a spectral region around 2000 cm^–1. A frequency self-calibration routine allows for the recording of Doppler-limited absorption profiles with an absolute accuracy of better than 10 MHz. The applicability of the source is demonstrated through measurements on the¹²C¹⁶O,¹²C¹⁷O, and¹²C¹⁸O isotopomers. Collision-broadening parameters and line strengths are determined, some of the data showing evidence of motional narrowing. Sensitivity limits are determined for linear absorption measurements as well as for photoacoustic absorption, and the feasibility of monitoring all three isotopomers with ppm sensitivity is demonstrated.Work supported by the Danish Science Research Council under grants no. 11-6866, 11-0116, and 11-0920     

Über die Stabilität der Ruhelage bei Differentialgleichungen mit quasihomogenen rechten Seiten

Summary In extending previously known results on differential equations with homogeneous right sides we derive criteria for the stability of systems of differential equations with quasi-homogeneous right sides. In addition to some necessary conditions we give a sufficient condition which can be applied easily.     

Bounded point evaluations and capacity

Let E be a compact set in the complex plane with positive Lebesgue measure, and denote by R^p(E), p ? 1, the closure in the L^p(E) norm of the rational functions with poles off E. A point z?E is said to be a bounded point evaluation for R^p(E) if the map z   ?(z), defined for the rational functions, can be extended to a bounded linear functional on R^p(E). For p < 2 there are no other bounded point evaluations for R^p(E) than the interior points of E, but for p ? 2 there may be bounded point evaluations on the boundary, ∂E. We give a condition, in terms of capacity, which is necessary and sufficient for a point on ∂E to be a bounded point evaluation for R^p(E), 2 < p < ∞, and close to necessary and sufficient when p = 2. We also treat bounded point derivations, and the corresponding problems for L_p-spaces of analytic functions on open sets.     

Analysis of unsteady incompressible jet nozzle flow

Summary The mechanics of pulsed flow in a nozzle is analyzed by using the Lagrangian forms of the conservation equations for total mass and energy and the unsteady version of the Bernoulli equation. The results of the study are presented in simple formulas for predicting pressure profiles within the nozzle during the process as well as the jet velocity as a function of time. Examples are presented illustrating those parameters which are of importance and how they influence the performance of the nozzle.

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Sommaire La mécanique d'un écoulement transitaire à travers une buse est analysée à l'aide des formes de Lagrange des équations de conservation de la masse totale et de l'énergie et à l'aide de la version non-stationnaire de l'équation de Bernoulli. Les résultats de cette étude sont présentés sous la forme de formules simples prédisant aussi bien les profils de pression à l'intérieur de la buse que la vitesse du jet en fonction du temps. Des exemples montrent ceux des paramètres qui sont importants et de quelle manière ils influencent les performances de la buse.

     

Surface analysis of a cold leg section of an SS316-lithium loop

Compatibility studies of austenitic stainless steel AISI 316 with liquid lithium for fusion application have shown that a porous ferritic layer is formed on the surface of the steel in the hot leg of a loop experiment due to depletion of alloying elements. The concentration profiles of the removed elements across the cross section of the tube reveal a pronounced step between the austenite matrix and the porous ferrite which is not expected in a normal diffusion process. The removed elements are partly deposited on the surface of the cold leg.In this study we looked at the boundary between the nickel rich deposit and the original matrix of a section of the cold (435 °C) leg. On the surface of the austenite, the expected grain boundary attack of lithium was observed. Additionally, to a depth of about one grain size, chromium and molybdenum were depleted and lithium seemed to also have attacked the bulk material, resulting in a splitting up into smaller grains with decomposed concentrations of the alloying elements, i.e. iron with large amounts of nickel and iron with chromium and small nickel amounts.In this paper a suggestion is put forward describing a reaction mechanism leading to the porous layer in the hot leg as a result of the instability of AISI 316 and its decomposition into two phases under the influence of liquid lithium.Dedicated to Professor Günther Tölg on the occasion of his 60th birthday     

maxLik: A package for maximum likelihood estimation in R

This paper describes the package maxLik for the statistical environment R. The package is essentially a unified wrapper interface to various optimization routines, offering easy access to likelihood-specific features like standard errors or information matrix equality (BHHH method). More advanced features of the optimization algorithms, such as forcing the value of a particular parameter to be fixed, are also supported.     

Perturbation analysis of the orthogonal procrustes problem

Given two arbitrary real matricesA andB of the same size, the orthogonal Procrustes problem is to find an orthogonal matrixM such that the Frobenius norm MA – B is minimized. This paper treats the common case when the orthogonal matrixM is required to have a positive determinant. The stability of the problem is studied and supremum results for the perturbation bounds are derived.     

Matching subsequences in trees

Given two rooted, labeled trees P and T the tree path subsequence problem is to determine which paths in P are subsequences of which paths in T. Here a path begins at the root and ends at a leaf. In this paper we propose this problem as a useful query primitive for XML data, and provide new algorithms improving the previously best known time and space bounds.