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21.
In this paper we report the fabrication, properties and degradation studies of banana fibers–reinforced thermoplastic polymers. In order to impart hydrophobicity to the fibers and also to concomitantly increase interfacial bond strength, which is a critical factor for obtaining better mechanical properties of composites, banana fibers were treated with sodium hydroxide (5% and 10% for 4 h), sebacoyl chloride (SC) (0.5 g, 4 h), or toluene diisocyanate (TDl) (1.5 mL, 4 h). Mechanical properties of banana fibers treated with TDl were not affected to any significant extent, but there was an increase in tensile strength of fibers treated with sodium hydroxide (NaOH). Deterioration in mechanical properties was observed upon SC treatment. In thermograssimetre analogue (TGA) studies fibers showed initial mass loss (6.5%–9.5%) in the 50–150°C temperature region. Major weight loss occurred above 200°C. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) studies revealed an increase in surface roughness after alkali treatment. High density polyethylene (HDPE) modified by blending with poly (ε‐caprolactone) (80:20 w/w) was used as a thermoplastic matrix. Composites were fabricated by using 1 cm long banana fibers; the weight fraction of fibers was varied from 0.05–0.13. An increase in weight fraction of fibers resulted in an increase in tensile strength and modulus and decrease in elongation at break. Thin sheets and dumbbells were used for enzymatic and chemical hydrolysis degradation tests. The degradation of the material was monitored by weight change and loss of mechanical properties. The enzymatic degradation in (PCL) presence of Pseudomonas cepacia lipase (PCL) gave appreciable weight loss in PCL and blended materials. 相似文献
22.
Structural Chemistry - Quantum chemical calculations have been performed at the M06–2X/6–31G(d,p) level of theory to investigate the strength and nature of interactions between the... 相似文献
23.
Bhaskar Sharma Y. Indra Neela G. Narahari Sastry 《Journal of computational chemistry》2016,37(11):992-1004
Quantum chemical calculations have been performed at CCSD(T)/def2‐TZVP level to investigate the strength and nature of interactions of ammonia (NH3), water (H2O), and benzene (C6H6) with various metal ions and validated with the available experimental results. For all the considered metal ions, a preference for C6H6 is observed for dicationic ions whereas the monocationic ions prefer to bind with NH3. Density Functional Theory–Symmetry Adapted Perturbation Theory (DFT‐SAPT) analysis has been employed at PBE0AC/def2‐TZVP level on these complexes (closed shell), to understand the various energy terms contributing to binding energy (BE). The DFT‐SAPT result shows that for the metal ion complexes with H2O electrostatic component is the major contributor to the BE whereas, for C6H6 complexes polarization component is dominant, except in the case of alkali metal ion complexes. However, in case of NH3 complexes, electrostatic component is dominant for s‐block metal ions, whereas, for the d and p‐block metal ion complexes both electrostatic and polarization components are important. The geometry (M+–N and M+–O distance for NH3 and H2O complexes respectively, and cation–π distance for C6H6 complexes) for the alkali and alkaline earth metal ion complexes increases down the group. Natural population analysis performed on NH3, H2O, and C6H6 complexes shows that the charge transfer to metal ions is higher in case of C6H6 complexes. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. 相似文献
24.
Rajni Madan R. C. Anand Indra K. Varma 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》1997,35(14):2917-2924
Metathesis polymerization of N-phenyl-exo-norbornene dicarboximide and ortho/meta/para methyl substituted phenyl nadimides was carried out using WCl6/tetramethyltin. Structural characterization was done by FTIR, 1H- and 13C-NMR. A mixture of cis and trans double bond structures were introduced in the backbone during polymerization. The cis content was higher (52 to 65%). In the DSC scan of poly(N-o-tolyl nadimide), two exotherms were observed at 240 and 270°C while in other samples only one exothermic transition was observed above 240°C. These exotherms disappeared in the second heating cycle. The Tg of the polymers, as determined in the second heating cycle, was highest in poly(N-o-tolyl nadimide) and lowest in poly(N-m-tolyl nadimide). The polymers were stable up to 443 ± 3°C and decomposed above this temperature in a single step. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci A: Polym Chem 35 : 2917–2924, 1997 相似文献
25.
Jacques kagan Katrina Tadema-Wielandt Ging Chan Som N. Dhawan Jeffrey Jaworsky Indra Prakash Sudershan K. Arora 《Photochemistry and photobiology》1984,39(4):465-467
Abstract— Phenylheptatriyne (PHT) is a good singlet oxygen sensitizer in vitro. In vivo , its phototoxicity toward E. coli B has been proved unequivocally to depend on the presence of oxygen. The literature reports indicating that phenylheptatriyne was representative of a new class of sensitizers were probably based on experiments conducted under conditions which were not strictly anaerobic. 相似文献
26.
Vimal Chandra Srivastava Indra Deo Mall Indra Mani Mishra 《Colloids and surfaces. A, Physicochemical and engineering aspects》2008,312(2-3):172-184
The present study reports the competitive adsorptive removal of cadmium (Cd(II)) and zinc (Zn(II)) ions from binary systems using rice husk ash (RHA), a waste obtained from the rice husk-fired furnaces, as an adsorbent. The initial pH (pH0) affects significantly the capacity of RHA for adsorbing the metallic ions in the aqueous solution. The pH0 ≈ 6.0 is found to be the optimum for the removal of Cd(II) and Zn(II) ions by RHA. The single ion equilibrium adsorption from the binary solution is better represented by the non-competitive Redlich–Peterson (R–P) and the Freundlich models than by Langmuir model in the initial metal concentration range of 10–100 mg/l. The adsorption of Zn(II) ion is more than that of Cd(II) ion, and this trend is in agreement with the single-component adsorption data. The equilibrium metal removal decreases with increasing concentrations of the other metal ion and the combined effect of Cd(II) and Zn(II) ions on RHA is generally found to be antagonistic. Non-modified Langmuir, modified Langmuir, extended-Langmuir, extended-Freundlich, Sheindorf–Rebuhn–Sheintuch (SRS), non-modified R–P and modified R–P adsorption models were tested to find the most appropriate competitive adsorption isotherm for the binary adsorption of Cd(II) and Zn(II) ions onto RHA by minimizing the Marquardt's percent standard deviation (MPSD) error function. The extended-Freundlich model satisfactorily represents the adsorption equilibrium data of Cd(II) and Zn(II) ions onto RHA. 相似文献
27.
Veda Ramaswamy Vimal Kothiyal Indra D. Singh Rajamani Krishna 《Fresenius' Journal of Analytical Chemistry》1988,332(4):358-361
Summary A simple and fast column chromatographic procedure for the separation of vacuum residues into saturates, mono-, di-, polyaromatics and polars has been standardized using silica-alumina-bauxite adsorbents and gradient elution with n-pentane, benzene, and methanol. The cut points have been monitored employing ultraviolet and infrared spectroscopy. The method is applicable for preparative separation of short residues from processed products.
Rasche Trennung der Kohlenwasserstofftypen von Vakuum-RückstÄnden相似文献
28.
Harries C. Hofmann Fritz Ditmar R. Backer H. J. Stark J. Ruggli P. Nierenstein M. Donath E. Indra A. Eisenlohr F. Pitaval M. R. Hoffmann F. Danneel H. Meyer J. Fischer Franz Rinne F. Block W. Riemann C. Buchner G. Hinneberg P. v. Meyer E. Engler C. Wöhler L. Wallach O. Luther R. Nernst W. Blanc M. Le Kossel A. Kellner O. Immendorff H. Witt O. N. 《Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry》1913,52(10-11):664-668
Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry - 相似文献
29.
Robert M. Moriarty Indra Prakash Raju Penmasta 《Journal of heterocyclic chemistry》1985,22(6):1581-1582
Oxidation of 1-oxyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidone ( 1 ) with [I,I-bis(acetoxy)iodo]benzene in methanolic potassium hydroxide yields 1-oxyl-4,4-dimethoxy-3-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine ( 2 ). Treatment of 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidone ( 3 ) with [I,I-bis(acetoxy)iodo]benzene in methanolic potassium hydroxide gave 3-methoxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidone ( 4 ) which on oxidation with 30% hydrogen peroxide and catalytic amount of sodium tungstate gave 1-oxyl-3-methoxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidone ( 5 ). The esr spectra of 1-oxyl-4,4-dimethoxy-3-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine ( 2 ) as well as 1-oxyl-3-methoxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidone ( 5 ) show three lines. 相似文献