Structural and electronic properties of potassium-doped 1,2;8,9-dibenzopentacene superconductor: comparing with doped [7]phenacenes

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons doped by metal have exhibited the potential of high temperature superconductivity. Understanding the basic properties of materials is the key to reveal the superconductivity. Here, a systemically theoretical study has been done to explore crystal structures and electronic properties of pristine and potassium-doped 1,2;8,9-dibenzopentacene, compared with [7]phenacenes case. We determined that vdW-DF2 functional is more suitable to describe the non-local interaction in a molecular crystal. Based on this functional, we predicted the crystal structures and investigated in detail the K atomic positions in a system. It was found that the intralayer doping leads to lower total energy. From the calculated formation energy, for each 1,2;8,9-dibenzopentacene molecule, the doping of two electrons is more stable under the relatively K-poor condition while the doping of four electrons is more stable under the K-rich condition. Between these two phases, the three-electron doping phase stabilises in a narrow region of K chemical potential. Combining with the electronic states at Fermi level, we analysed the reasons of superconductivity enhancement in doped 1,2;8,9-dibenzopentacene. This work further deepens the understanding of 1,2;8,9-dibenzopentacene superconductor.     

液相基质中重金属元素激光诱导击穿光谱实验参数的优化

针对混合溶液中重金属元素的激光诱导击穿光谱(LIBS)测量系统,为提高测量系统的检测灵敏度,以提高混合溶液中Ca和Cr金属元素LIBS光谱线强度的信噪比为目标,对LIBS测量系统中的激光脉冲能量、液相样品流速、ICCD门宽、延时等实验参数进行了优化,得到最优化参数激光脉冲能量、样品流速、ICCD门宽、延时分别为35 m J、30 ml/min、1400 ns和2400 ns,为降低LIBS技术应用于混合溶液中痕量重金属元素的检出限提供了实验参数支撑.     

军用运输机机舱有源消声实验系统的设计与实现

为验证有源消声技术在军用运输机机舱低频噪声消除方面的有效性,设计和实现了一套机舱有源消声实验系统。采用“激振器+舱壁板”方式实现了飞机螺旋桨对机舱诱导噪声的声源模拟,设计了基于前馈控制结构的自适应有源噪声控制系统,构建了基于FX-LMS算法的自适应消声控制器,采用监测麦克风组对舱内空间的消声效果进行监测。实验结果验证了自适应有源噪声控制技术在军用飞机舱室消声降噪领域的有效性,并表明初、次级声源间距对自适应有源消声系统的消声效果具有重要的影响。     

单端面长周期光栅透射模式测量技术

为了实现长周期光栅透射谱测量模式的远距离监测,设计了单端面镀反射膜的测量装置系统,对单端面镀银膜长周期光栅的传感原理做了分析,并从实验的角度分别对单端面镀银膜模式系统和直接透射模式系统的长周期光栅在不同折射率的环境介质中的响应进行了研究,比较了它们的异同。首先,采用2×2单模光纤耦合器分别连接光谱分析仪、光源、长周期光栅。然后,在包含长周期光栅的光纤的另一个端面制备反射银膜。最后,通过测量一系列不同折射率的环境介质,比较了直接透射模式与单端面镀银膜模式下的长周期光栅的响应光谱。实验结果表明:采用波长解调表达时,对于同一种环境介质,两种模式下长周期光栅的响应光谱的谐振波长基本相同;采用功率/峰值解调表达时,随着甘油浓度从水变为80%的甘油溶液,直接透射模式下的光损耗从-6.05 d B变为-9.22 d B,单端面镀银膜模式下的光损耗从-8.03 d B变为-11.33d B。与直接透射模式相比,单端面镀银膜的长周期光栅光谱中的相对光损耗明显增加,谐振峰更尖锐,更有利于谐振波长和谐振峰光损耗值的识别。本研究设计的单端面镀银膜的长周期光栅测量系统不仅保留了长周期光栅透射谱的感应模式,而且使长周期光栅在对环境介质的测量中操作更加灵活方便,尤其是在远距离、恶劣环境或深层液体的折射率测量中具有独特的优势。     

Tens of GHz Tantalum pentoxide‐based micro‐ring all‐optical modulator for Si photonics

A tantalum pentoxide‐based (Ta₂O₅‐based) micro‐ring all‐optical modulator was fabricated. The refractive index inside the micro‐ring cavity was modified using the Kerr effect by injecting a pumped pulse. The transmittance of the ring resonator was controlled to achieve all‐optical modulation at the wavelength of the injected probe. When 12 GHz pulses with a peak power of 1.2 W were coupled in the ring cavity, the transmission spectrum of the Ta₂O₅ resonator was red‐shifted by 0.04 nm because of the Kerr effect. The relationship between the modulation depth and gap of the Ta₂O₅ directional coupler is discussed. An optimized gap of 1100 nm was obtained, and a maximum buildup factor of 11.7 with 84% modulation depth was achieved. The nonlinear refractive index of Ta₂O₅ at 1.55 μm was estimated as 3.4 × 10^?14 cm²/W based on the Kerr effect, which is almost an order of magnitude higher than that of Si₃N₄. All results indicate that Ta₂O₅ has potential for use in nonlinear waveguide applications with modulation speeds as high as tens of GHz.

     

Effect of bromine substituent on optical properties of aryl compounds

Substituents significantly affect optical properties of organic compounds. In this study, a series of organic compounds were synthesized. Ultraviolet‐visible and cyclic voltammetry spectra were determined. The relationships between the number of π electron in an aryl ring and the redshift (and molecular orbital energy levels) were studied. To investigate mechanisms of the bromine substituent effects, theoretical calculations were carried out. Ultraviolet‐visible spectra of bromine‐containing compounds exhibit obvious redshifts (0.04‐0.17 eV) of the maximal absorption wavelengths and enhanced absorbance (11%‐57%) compared with corresponding reference compounds. The lowest unoccupied and highest occupied molecular orbital energy levels of compounds containing bromine substituents are 0.05 to 0.60 and 0.02 to 0.40 eV lower than that of corresponding reference compounds. On the whole, the redshifts and the reduced molecular orbital energy levels caused by bromine substituent decrease with the increase in the number of π electron in an aryl ring. The effects would be attributed to strong p‐π conjugation between p electron in the bromine substituent and π electrons in aryl rings. Therefore, this paper suggests a useful way for tuning optical absorption and molecular orbital energy levels of aryl compounds.     

Yolk–Shell‐Structured Cu/Fe@γ‐Fe2O3 Nanoparticles Loaded Graphitic Porous Carbon for the Oxygen Reduction Reaction

Core–shell Cu/γ‐Fe₂O₃@C and yolk–shell‐structured Cu/Fe@γ‐Fe₂O₃@C particles are prepared by a facile synthesis method using copper oxide as template particles, resorcinol‐formaldehyde as the carbon precursor, and iron nitrate solution as the iron source via pyrolysis. With increasing carbonization temperature and time, solid γ‐Fe₂O₃ cores are formed and then transformed into Fe@γ‐Fe₂O₃ yolk–shell‐structured particles via Ostwald ripening under nitrogen gas flow. The composition variations are studied, and the formation mechanism is proposed for the generation of the hollow and yolk–shell‐structured metal and metal oxides. Moreover, highly graphitic carbons can be obtained by etching the metal and metal oxide nanoparticles through an acid treatment. The electrocatalytic activity for oxygen reduction reaction is investigated on Cu/γ‐Fe₂O₃@C, Cu/Fe@γ‐Fe₂O₃@C, and graphitic carbons, indicating comparable or even superior performance to other Fe‐based nanocatalysts.     

大气消光特性与机载激光雷达眼睛安全关系的研究

依据美国ANSI标准，定量分析了气溶胶、卷云和沙尘的垂直消光特性对机载激光雷达激光脉冲眼睛安全最大阈值能量的影响；以地基激光雷达探测得到的合肥上空沙尘暴为例，定量给出了大气中各成分消光特性对飞机眼睛安全最低高度的影响；模拟计算了各种大气成分的消光特性对激光脉冲眼睛安全系数的影响随高度的变化规律。计算结果表明：沙尘层对激光脉冲眼睛安全最大阈值能量的影响幅度可达几十毫焦。该结果为我国第一台机载大气探测激光雷达激光脉冲能量设置提供了基本依据。     

Ankyrin repeat and SOCS box containing protein 4 (Asb-4) colocalizes with insulin receptor substrate 4 (IRS4) in the hypothalamic neurons and mediates IRS4 degradation

Background

Cigarette smoking enhances the risk of stroke. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms are largely unknown. The present study established an in vivo rat secondhand cigarette smoking (SHS) model and examined the hypothesis that SHS upregulates endothelin receptors with increased cerebrovascular contraction via the Raf/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)/mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) pathway.

Results

Rats were exposed to SHS for up to 8 weeks. The cerebral artery vasoconstriction was recorded by a sensitive myograph. The mRNA and protein expressions for endothelin receptors in cerebral arteries were studied by real-time PCR and Western blot. Compared to fresh air exposed rats, cerebral arteries from SHS rats exhibited stronger contractile responses (P < 0.05) mediated by endothelin type A (ET_A) receptors. The expressions of mRNA and protein for ET_A receptors in the cerebral arteries from SHS rats were higher (P < 0.05) than that in control. SHS did not affect endothelin type B (ET_B) receptor-mediated contractions, mRNA or protein levels. The results suggest that SHS upregulates ET_A, but not ET_B receptors in vivo. After SHS exposure, the mRNA levels of Raf-1 and ERK1/2, the protein expression of phosphorylated (p)-Raf-1 and p-ERK1/2 were increased (P < 0.05). Raf-1 inhibitor, GW5074 suppressed the enhanced ET_A receptor-mediated contraction, mRNA and protein levels induced by SHS. In addition, GW5074 inhibited the SHS-caused increased mRNA and phosphorylated protein levels of Raf-1 and ERK1/2, suggesting that SHS induces activation of the Raf/ERK/MAPK pathway.

Conclusions

SHS upregulates cerebrovascular ET_A receptors via the Raf/ERK/MAPK pathway, which provides novel understanding of mechanisms involved in SHS-associated stroke.     

碳纳米纤维吸附储氢性能分析

文中综合碳纳米纤维微观结构的表征结果以及氢吸脱附等温线的实验测量结果,对碳纳米纤维的吸附储氢性能进行了综合分析,分析发现:比表面积和中孔容积均与氢吸附量成线性关系;微孔容积对材料吸附性能影响较大,微孔容积与氢吸附量成抛物线关系;氢在常温左右以及77K下的吸附等温线呈现超临界气体的吸附特征,氢在273K和353K下的吸脱附等温线也基本重合,呈现的是物理吸附的特征。实验结果还说明:常温左右,甚至是77K下,碳纳米纤维均不适合于氢的吸附储存。