高效液相色谱-二极管阵列检测法及高效液相色谱-电喷雾串联质谱法测定植物源性蛋白中残留的三聚氰胺

建立了高效液相色谱-二极管阵列检测器(HPLC-DAD)及HPLC-电喷雾串联质谱(ESI-MS/MS)测定植物源性蛋白中残留的三聚氰胺的方法。利用HPLC-DAD进行样品中三聚氰胺的初筛,利用HPLC-MS/MS进行确证。采用三氯乙酸溶液沉淀样品中的蛋白,同时提取目标分析物,质谱检测时样品再经强阳离子固相萃取柱富集净化。HPLC-DAD的检测低限为10 mg/kg,HPLC-MS/MS的检测低限为0.5 mg/kg;HPLC-DA的添加回收率为76%～88%,HPLC-MS/MS的添加回收率为72%～82%(基质匹配曲线校正),两种方法的添加回收率的相对标准偏差(RSD)为3.4%～6.4%。     

Morphological effects on surface-enhanced Raman scattering from silver butterfly wing scales synthesized via photoreduction

Through a simple room-temperature photoreduction process, this letter conformally replicates 3D submicrometer structures of wing scales from two butterfly species into Ag to generate practical surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrates. The Ag replicas of butterfly scales with higher structural periodicity are able to detect rhodamine 6G at a low concentration down to 10(-9) M, which is three orders of magnitude lower than the detectable concentration limit of using quasi-periodic Ag butterfly structures. This result presents a way to select suitable scale morphologies from 174,500 species of Lepidopterans to replicate, as consumable SERS substrates with low cost and high reproducibility.     

Histology and antitumor activity study of PTX-loaded micelle,a fluorescent drug delivery system prepared by PEG-TPP

We synthesized PEG-TPP as carrier to encapsulate paclitaxel(PTX) in the form of micelles to overcome its water-solubility problem. PTX-loaded micelles possess a-week stability and appropriate particle size(152.1 ±1.2 nm) which is beneficial for enhanced permeability and retention(EPR) effect. Strong pH dependence of PTX releasing from micelles is verified by in vitro release study. At cellular level, PTXloaded micelles can target mitochondria effectively which may results a better cytotoxicity of micelles(especially IC50= 0.123 ± 0.035 mmol/L of micelles and 0.298 ± 0.067 mmol/L of PTX alone on MCF-7 cells). The fluorescence distributions of both isolated and sliced organs show that the micelles can effectively target tumors. Moreover, we further prove the enhanced therapeutic effects of micelles in tumor-bearing mice comparing with PTX alone. The results show that the biodegradable drug delivery system prepared by PEG-TPP can overcome the poor solubility of paclitaxel and improve its tumor targeting and antitumor activity.     

Inhibitory Activity and Mechanism Investigation of Hypericin as a Novel α-Glucosidase Inhibitor

α-glucosidase is a major enzyme that is involved in starch digestion and type 2 diabetes mellitus. In this study, the inhibition of hypericin by α-glucosidase and its mechanism were firstly investigated using enzyme kinetics analysis, real-time interaction analysis between hypericin and α-glucosidase by surface plasmon resonance (SPR), and molecular docking simulation. The results showed that hypericin was a high potential reversible and competitive α-glucosidase inhibitor, with a maximum half inhibitory concentration (IC₅₀) of 4.66 ± 0.27 mg/L. The binding affinities of hypericin with α-glucosidase were assessed using an SPR detection system, which indicated that these were strong and fast, with balances dissociation constant (KD) values of 6.56 × 10⁻⁵ M and exhibited a slow dissociation reaction. Analysis by molecular docking further revealed that hydrophobic forces are generated by interactions between hypericin and amino acid residues Arg-315 and Tyr-316. In addition, hydrogen bonding occurred between hypericin and α-glucosidase amino acid residues Lys-156, Ser-157, Gly-160, Ser-240, His-280, Asp-242, and Asp-307. The structure and micro-environment of α-glucosidase enzymes were altered, which led to a decrease in α-glucosidase activity. This research identified that hypericin, an anthracene ketone compound, could be a novel α-glucosidase inhibitor and further applied to the development of potential anti-diabetic drugs.     

Ternary solvent-processed efficient organic solar cells based on a new A-DA'D-A acceptor derivative employing the 3rd-position branching side chains on pyrroles

Recent advances in non-fullerene acceptors(NFAs),typically Y6,have driven power conversion efficiency(PCE) of single-junction orga nic solar cells(OSCs) over 16%.Mea nwhile,it becomes essential to know how to adopt simple strategies to further improve device performance.In this work,a new A-DA'D-A acceptor derivative,Y19-N3 employing 3-ethylheptyl branched at the 3^rd-position instead of 2-ethylhexyl on the pyrroles of Y19 is reported.The selection of an appropriate solvent in casting device is implemented to maximize the photovoltaic performance.PBDB-T:Y19-N3-based OSCs treated with a ternary solvent of CF/CB(1:3,v/v) and 0.8% DIO exhibit the optimal PCE of 13.77% here,with the significantly improved V_oc(0.78 V) and FF(0.72) as well as the high J_sc(24.46 mA/cm²).Further characterizations indicate that this ternary solvent-treated PBDB-T/Y19-N3 film exhibits the more appropriate morphological features with the highly efficient charge generation and collection as well as the more balanced electron and hole mobilities.This work combines molecular design and device engineering to improve the photovoltaic properties,which is important to the development of OSCs.     

pH值对3-羟基-2-萘甲酸荧光性质及其β-环糊精包结物生成常数的影响

研究了不同ｐＨ值３羟基２萘甲酸的荧光性质，并用荧光双倒数法测定了３羟基２萘甲酸与β环糊精包结物在不同ｐＨ值的生成常数，结果表明疏水作用和氢键对包结物的形成起重要作用。     

pH值对3-羟基-2-萘甲酸荧光性质及其β-环糊精包结物生成常数的影响

研究了不同pH值3-羟基-2-萘甲酸的荧光性质，并用荧光双倒数法测定了3-羟基-2-萘甲酸与β环糊精包结物在不同pH值的生成常数，结果表明疏水作用和氢键对包结物的形成起重要作用。     

辅酶B_(12)模型化合物的研究——Ⅰ.双水杨醛缩乙二亚胺烷基钴(Ⅲ)配合物Co-C键的性质

本工作合成、表征了一系列辅酶B_(12)模型化合物RCo(Salen)L,其中R=CH_3,C_2H_5,n和i-C_3H_7,n和i-C_4H_9,研究了上述配合物固体和溶液的Co-C键稳定性,结果表明:固体配合物Co-C键断裂的温度受烷基位阻影响,它们具有以下顺序:CH_3>C_2H_5>n-C_3H_7≈n-C_4H_9≈i-C_4H_9≈i-C_3H_7.此外还确定了影响配合物Co-C键在溶液中稳定性的因素.     

Iron-siRNA Nanohybrids for Enhanced Chemodynamic Therapy via Ferritin Heavy Chain Downregulation

Ferrous iron (Fe²⁺) has more potent hydroxyl radical (⋅OH)-generating ability than other Fenton-type metal ions, making Fe-based nanomaterials attractive for chemodynamic therapy (CDT). However, because Fe²⁺ can be converted by ferritin heavy chain (FHC) to nontoxic ferric form and then sequestered in ferritin, therapeutic outcomes of Fe-mediated CDT agents are still far from satisfactory. Here we report the synthesis of siRNA-embedded Fe⁰ nanoparticles (Fe⁰-siRNA NPs) for self-reinforcing CDT via FHC downregulation. Upon internalization by cancer cells, pH-responsive Fe⁰-siRNA NPs are degraded to release Fe²⁺ and FHC siRNA in acidic endo/lysosomes with the aid of oxygen (O₂). The accompanied O₂ depletion causes an intracellular pH decrease, which further promotes the degradation of Fe⁰-siRNA NPs. In addition to initiating chemodynamic process, Fe²⁺-catalyzed ⋅OH generation facilitates endo/lysosomal escape of siRNA by disrupting the membranes, enabling FHC downregulation-enhanced CDT.