Polystyrene-bound diethanolamine based ionic liquids for chemical fixation of CO2

Polystyrene-bound diethanolamine based ionic liquids (PS-DHEEAB and PS-THEAB) were synthesized and applied for the chemical fixation of CO₂ into cyclic carbonates without any additional co-catalyst and solvent. The effect of the catalysts with different number of hydroxyl group in the cation of the IL on the reaction was systematically investigated. Highest activity and selectivity were achieved in the presence of polystyrene supported diethanolamine ethyl bromide (PS-DHEEAB) in comparison with other catalysts employed. The catalyst was tough in stability and also found to be extended to a variety of terminal epoxides and aziridines. The relationship between high catalytic reactivity and the –OH functional groups was proposed.     

Efficient synthesis of pentasubstituted pyrroles via one-pot reactions of arylamines,acetylenedicarboxylates, and 3-phenacylideneoxindoles

An efficient synthetic method for the pentasubstituted pyrroles was successfully developed via the one-pot domino reactions of arylamines, acetylenedicarboxylates, and 3-phenacylideneoxindoles. The reaction mechanism involved the sequential Michael addition and ring closure of the in situ generated β-active enamino ester.     

Generation of an N→B Ladder‐type Structure by Regioselective Hydroboration of an Alkenyl‐Functionalized Quaterpyridine

An unusual reactivity of 2‐(1‐alkenyl)‐pyridines towards hydroboration with 9H‐borabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane (9H‐BBN) has been employed to selectively introduce two borane groups into a conjugated quaterpyridine. Quantitative conversion of the substrate was observed with exclusive regioselectivity. A molecular structure that allows intramolecular N→B coordination was generated. The effect of the ladder formation on the molecular structure and the electronic properties of the conjugated system have been investigated. The synthetic strategy demonstrated herein offers a facile access to N→B ladder‐type structures from readily available substrates, and allows to simultaneously introduce several boron centers under mild conditions.     

The binding of CO molecule with small Wn(n = 2−9) clusters: a DFT investigation

The effect of water conductivity on electrospraying of water was studied in combination with positive DC corona discharge generated in air. We used a point-to-plane geometry of electrodes with a hollow syringe needle anode opposite to the metal mesh cathode. We employed total average current measurements and high-speed camera fast time-resolved imaging. We visualized the formation of a water jet (filament) and investigated corona discharge behavior for various water conductivities. Depending on the conductivity, various jet properties were observed: pointy, prolonged, and fast spreading water filaments for lower conductivity; in contrast to rounder, broader, and shorter quickly disintegrating filaments for higher conductivity. The large acceleration values (4060 m/s² and 520 m/s² for 2 μS/cm and 400 μS/cm, respectively) indicate that the process is mainly governed by the electrostatic force. In addition, with increasing conductivity, the breakdown voltage for corona-to-spark transition was decreasing.     

Melham's Conjecture on Odd Power Sums of Fibonacci Numbers

Ozeki and Prodinger showed that the odd power sum of the first several consecutive Fibonacci numbers of even order is equal to a polynomial evaluated at a certain Fibonacci number of odd order. We prove that this polynomial and its derivative both vanish at 1, and will be an integer polynomial after multiplying it by a product of the first consecutive Lucas numbers of odd order. This presents an a?rmative answer to a conjecture of Melham.     

A comparative study of constant-order and variable-order fractional models in characterizing memory property of systems

How to characterize the memory property of systems is a challenging issue in the modeling and analysis of complex systems. This study makes a comparative investigation of integer-order derivative, constant-order fractional derivative and two types of variable-order fractional derivatives in characterizing the memory property of systems. The advantages and potential applications of two variable-order derivative definitions are highlighted through a comparative analysis of anomalous relaxation process.