全文获取类型
收费全文 | 30183篇 |
免费 | 4059篇 |
国内免费 | 2733篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 20530篇 |
晶体学 | 284篇 |
力学 | 1946篇 |
综合类 | 274篇 |
数学 | 3315篇 |
物理学 | 10626篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 106篇 |
2023年 | 590篇 |
2022年 | 908篇 |
2021年 | 1011篇 |
2020年 | 1113篇 |
2019年 | 1087篇 |
2018年 | 912篇 |
2017年 | 813篇 |
2016年 | 1281篇 |
2015年 | 1270篇 |
2014年 | 1539篇 |
2013年 | 2051篇 |
2012年 | 2635篇 |
2011年 | 2658篇 |
2010年 | 1648篇 |
2009年 | 1632篇 |
2008年 | 1740篇 |
2007年 | 1663篇 |
2006年 | 1490篇 |
2005年 | 1229篇 |
2004年 | 943篇 |
2003年 | 790篇 |
2002年 | 751篇 |
2001年 | 567篇 |
2000年 | 560篇 |
1999年 | 652篇 |
1998年 | 580篇 |
1997年 | 576篇 |
1996年 | 659篇 |
1995年 | 510篇 |
1994年 | 467篇 |
1993年 | 388篇 |
1992年 | 371篇 |
1991年 | 324篇 |
1990年 | 259篇 |
1989年 | 203篇 |
1988年 | 157篇 |
1987年 | 136篇 |
1986年 | 129篇 |
1985年 | 118篇 |
1984年 | 88篇 |
1983年 | 61篇 |
1982年 | 42篇 |
1981年 | 37篇 |
1980年 | 18篇 |
1978年 | 19篇 |
1977年 | 23篇 |
1976年 | 20篇 |
1975年 | 28篇 |
1974年 | 27篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
201.
Well-aligned open-ended multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) arrays were prepared via chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method in porous anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) templates without depositing any transition metals as catalyst. Effects of the CVD temperature and heat treatment were studied in detail.Well-aligned open-ended MWCNT arrays were obtained at the CVD temperature above 600 ℃; when CVD temperature is reduced to around 550 ℃, CNTs, CNFs and other structures existed at the same time; no CNTs or carbon nanofibres (CNFs) could be found as the CVD temperature is below 500 ℃, and only amorphous carbon in the porous AAO template was found. Experimental results showed that the AAO template is catalytic during the CVD process, and it has the following two effects: to catalyze thermal decomposition of acetylene and to catalyze conversion of carbon decomposed from acetylene into CNTs or CNFs. Heat treatment could improve the graphitization degree, but it might also introduce new defects. 相似文献
202.
203.
Allyldialkyltelluronium bromides were treated with aromatic amines in 1,2-dichloroethane, readily giving allyl aryl amines in excellent yields. 相似文献
204.
Wei-Yuan Huang 《Macromolecular Symposia》1994,82(1):67-75
Using sulfinatodehalogenation and related reagent systems several groups of perfluoroalkylated compounds including olefins, dienes, phenolic compounds and aromatic dicarboxylic acids were synthesized which may be useful as potential monomers. 相似文献
205.
He-Xia Huang Hui-Jun Tan Zheng-Kang Lin Zi-Jie Li Shu Sun Hao Chen Zhi-Xiang Xiao 《Acta Mechanica Sinica》2021,37(1):156-168
The submerged inlet is an attractive configuration for advanced helicopters due to its high stealth performance and low external drag.In this paper,a submerged ... 相似文献
206.
Tributylstibine can mediate the olefination of carbonyl compounds with bromomalonic ester and with dibromomalonic ester. An initial halophilic attack of tributylstibine on the bromine of bromomalonic or dibromomalonic ester forming an ion pair of bromotributylstibonium cation and malonic (A) or bromomalonic ester carbanion (B) , respectively, is proposed. These ion pairs react with carbonyl compounds to achieve subsequent olefination. Alternatively, 2 equiv of A collapse, with elimination of malonic ester, to form stiborane D , and the ion pair B reacts with another equivalent of tributylstibine to form stiborane D. This last undergoes a Wittig-type reaction with carbonyl compound to achieve olefination. 相似文献
207.
Shujing Xu Dang Ding Xujie Zhang Lin Sun Dongwei Kang Boshi Huang Xinyong Liu Peng Zhan 《Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)》2022,27(3)
Viral infections pose a persistent threat to human health. The relentless epidemic of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has become a global health problem, with millions of infections and fatalities so far. Traditional approaches such as random screening and optimization of lead compounds by organic synthesis have become extremely resource- and time-consuming. Various modern innovative methods or integrated paradigms are now being applied to drug discovery for significant resistance in order to simplify the drug process. This review provides an overview of newly emerging antiviral strategies, including proteolysis targeting chimera (PROTAC), ribonuclease targeting chimera (RIBOTAC), targeted covalent inhibitors, topology-matching design and antiviral drug delivery system. This article is dedicated to Prof. Dr. Erik De Clercq, an internationally renowned expert in the antiviral drug research field, on the occasion of his 80th anniversary. 相似文献
208.
Birui Shi Yan Zhang Baolin Huang Huiping Lin Qiong Zhou Yujue Wang Zheng Cai Menghua Liu 《Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)》2022,27(3)
With the widespread clinical use of drug combinations, the incidence of drug–drug interactions (DDI) has significantly increased, accompanied by a variety of adverse reactions. Drug transporters play an important role in the development of DDI by affecting the elimination process of drugs in vivo, especially in the pathological state. Tubulointerstitial fibrosis (TIF) is an inevitable pathway in the progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD) to end-stage renal disease. Here, the dynamic expression changes of eleven drug transporters in TIF kidney have been systematically investigated. Among them, the mRNA expressions of Oat1, Oat2, Oct1, Oct2, Oatp4C1 and Mate1 were down-regulated, while Oat3, Mrp2, Mrp4, Mdr1-α, Bcrp were up-regulated. Pearson correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between transporters and Creatinine (Cr), OCT2 and MATE1 showed a strong negative correlation with Cr. In contrast, Mdr1-α exhibited a strong positive correlation with Cr. In addition, the pharmacokinetics of cimetidine, ganciclovir, and digoxin, which were the classical substrates for OCT2, MATE1 and P-glycoprotein (P-gp), respectively, have been studied. These results reveal that changes in serum creatinine can indicate changes in drug transporters in the kidney, and thus affect the pharmacokinetics of its substrates, providing useful information for clinical use. 相似文献
209.
Theodore Tyrikos-Ergas Eric T. Sletten Jhih-Yi Huang Peter H. Seeberger Martina Delbianco 《Chemical science》2022,13(7):2115
Sulfated glycans are involved in many biological processes, making well-defined sulfated oligosaccharides highly sought molecular probes. These compounds are a considerable synthetic challenge, with each oligosaccharide target requiring specific synthetic protocols and extensive purifications steps. Here, we describe a general on resin approach that simplifies the synthesis of sulfated glycans. The oligosaccharide backbone, obtained by Automated Glycan Assembly (AGA), is subjected to regioselective sulfation and hydrolysis of protecting groups. The protocol is compatible with several monosaccharides and allows for multi-sulfation of linear and branched glycans. Seven diverse, biologically relevant sulfated glycans were prepared in good to excellent overall yield.Well-defined sulfated oligosaccharides are important synthetic targets. We present an on resin approach for the synthesis of sulfated glycans with a broad reaction scope that overcomes previous limitations associated with on resin synthesis. 相似文献
210.
当铁路穿越大风沙漠地区时,风沙灾害会对铁路工程及其正常运营产生严重威胁,而设计一种合理的铁路结构形式能够减小风沙沉积对铁路工程的危害. 在本文中,以敦煌至格尔木铁路沙山沟段落为研究对象,采用多相流的方法对越过沙丘的风沙运动过程进行数值模拟,分别讨论了风沙运动对位于沙丘背风坡的铁路路基工程和桥梁工程的影响. 主要的模拟结果显示:路基工程明显降低了风速并且将沙丘后的回流区分成了两部分,而桥梁工程的导流效应则压缩了沙丘背风坡的回流区;轨道间的道碴增大了铁路表面的粗糙度,在轨道间有少量沙粒沉积,而路基工程两侧则有大量积沙;铁路表面的积沙量与摩阻风速呈现出非线性关系,随着摩阻风速的增大,路基工程沙粒沉积的增加速度大于风蚀能力的增加速度,而桥梁工程则正好相反. 在防止风沙危害铁路方面,设置桥梁工程明显优于路基工程. 本研究为风沙运动对铁路工程的影响提供了理论支持,也为今后的铁路工程设计提供了新的思路与研究工具. 相似文献