真珠钙驱铅实验研究

研究了真珠钙驱铅效果，给亚急性中毒的大鼠服用后，可增加铅从尿中排量，降低骨中蓄积量，对防治铅中毒有一定作用。     

季铵盐用于示波极谱滴定法测定培氟沙星和环丙沙星

介绍采用季铵盐 十六烷基三甲基溴化铵作滴定剂的示波极谱滴定法测定培氟沙星和环丙沙星含量的方法。在pH 4 .8HAc NaAc缓冲溶液中 ,培氟沙星和环丙沙星均能与四苯硼钠 (Na TPB)作用生成沉淀 ,干过滤后 ,用十六烷基三甲基溴化铵标准溶液代替在示波极谱滴定法中常用的有毒硫酸亚铊作为滴定剂 ,回滴滤液中过量的Na TPB ,由示波极谱图 [dE dt=f(E)曲线 ]上TPB的切口消失指示终点。本法终点直观、灵敏 ,操作简便、快速 ,应用于多批原料药样品的测定 ,均获得满意的结果 ,其回收率在 99.9%～ 10 0 .3%之间 ,最大相对误差 <± 0 .3% ,与非水滴定法测得结果基本吻合。     

Frequency-domain measurement of the photodegradation process of fluorescein

The frequency-domain technique is applied to measure the photodegradation rate of fluorescein in aqueous solutions. The illuminating light is modulated, and the changes in fluorescence from the illuminated region are detected synchronously. A constant flow rate is imposed on the fluorescein solution to control the mass transport of fluorescein into the illuminated region. The fluorescence response is described by a model that assumes that photodegradation occurs from the triplet excited state. The predictions of the model are consistent with the observed variations in the fluorescence response with flow rate, modulation frequency and incident power. We discuss in this article how the dependence of the model parameters on experimental conditions can be used to infer the photodegradation rate as well as some of the details of the photodegradation mechanism. The results are consistent with the known mechanism of photodegradation of fluorescein. The frequency-domain technique gives a photodegradation rate of 53 s(-1) in an air-saturated solution and 37 s(-1) in solutions purged with argon gas.     

Preparation and swelling properties of hydrolysis-resistant superabsorbent composite based on acrylic acid and sodium bentonite

Abstract

A novel hydrolysis-resistant superabsorbent composite was prepared via the solution polymerization based on acrylic acid (AA) and sodium bentonite (SBT) as monomers, tetraallylammonium bromine (TAAB) as crosslinker and ammonium persulfate (APS) as initiator. The mechanism of polymerization and the structure of the superabsorbent polymer (SAP) were studied by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (X-ray), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The reaction conditions such as different mass ratios of APS to AA, TAAB to AA, SBT to AA, neutralization degree of AA were optimized by orthogonal experiment, and the influence of each reaction condition on the capacity of water absorption at 150?°C was investigated via single-factor controlled experiment. The hydrolysis resistance and swelling kinetics of the SAP were studied in different solutions at 150?°C. Compared to traditional SAPs, the SAP synthesized with TAAB as crosslinker performed a more excellent hydrolysis resistance and water absorbency capacity at high temperatures. The water absorbency in distilled water or 0.1?mol L^?1 NaCl solution could reach 392.6 and 145.2?g g^?1at 150?°C, respectively. The SAP maintaining high swelling capacity in the pH range of 5–9 indicated its wide application values in the acidic or alkaline environment at high temperature. In addition, the SAP exhibited good reusability which could still retain about 73% of its initial water absorbency after reswelling six times at 150?°C.     

Cu-Zn-Sn体系富Sn区液相限的研究

近些年来,无铅低熔点填料日渐引起人们的兴趣,且将得到广泛的应用。Cu-Zn-Sn合金正是无铅低熔点填料的一种基本合金。该体系相图虽有一些报道,但他们的研究只涉及富铜区(>50Wt％)的液相限和等温截面(500℃)。我们颇感兴趣的富Sn区的液相限,尚未见文献报道,因此测定该体系富Sn区的液相限是必要的。关于Cu-Zn-Sn体系的三个相关二元体系,已有文献报道,也较成熟。对于Cu-Zn体系,富Zn区600℃以下存在两个转熔反应,其转熔点分别为Q(～88Wt％Zn,598℃),W(97.5-98.5Wt％Zn,424℃);Cu-Sn体系富Sn区有一个转熔反应,其转熔点     

导电高分子膜包覆YBa2Cu3O7超导体抗环境作用的研究

通过电化学途径和化学途径在ＹＢａ＿２Ｃｕ＿３Ｏ＿７超导体表面制备了导电高分子聚吡咯膜，用以保护超导体不受环境作用的影响，实验结果发现电化学过程能破坏ＹＢａ＿２Ｃｕ＿Ｏ＿７的超导性，而采用化学法制备的聚吡咯和聚氯乙烯混和材料包覆在ＹＢａ＿２Ｃｕ＿３Ｏ＿７表面后，超导体不仅保持原有超导性，而且有很好的保护超导体免遭环境中酸和水作用的能力。     

A highly sensitive assay for protein with dibromochloro-arsenazo-Al(3+) using resonance light scattering technique and its application

A simple, sensitive and selective method has been developed for the determination of protein using resonance light scattering (RLS) technique. The method is based on the interaction of protein and arsenazo-DBC-Al(3+) in the pH range of 5.0-7.0, which causes a substantial enhancement of the resonance scattering signal of arsenazo-DBC-Al(3+) in the wavelength range of 300-550 nm with the maximum RLS platform at 405-420 nm. With this method, 2.50-50.00 mug ml(-1) of bovine serum albumin (BSA) and 2.50-60.00 mug ml(-1) of human serum albumin (HSA) can be determined, and the detection limits, calculated three times the standard deviation (S.D.) of six blank measurements, for BSA and HSA were 123.4 and 89.6 ng ml(-1), respectively. Moreover, the method is free from interference from many amino acids and metal ions. The method, with high sensitivity, selectivity and reproducibility, was satisfactorily applied to the determination of total protein in human serum samples. Mechanism studies indicated that arsenazo-DBC-Al(3+) could bind to BSA depending mainly on electrostatic forces, which results in enhanced RLS in the arsenazo-DBC-Al(3+)-protein system.     

Binding of brucine to human serum albumin

The feature of brucine binding to human serum albumin (HSA) was investigated via fluorescence and UV/vis absorption spectroscopy. The results revealed that brucine caused the fluorescence quenching of HSA by the formation of brucine–HSA complex. The hydrophobic interaction plays a major role in stabilizing the complex; the binding site number n and apparent binding constant K_A, corresponding thermodynamic parameters the free energy change (ΔG), enthalpy change (ΔH) and entropy change (ΔS) at different temperatures were calculated. The distance r between donor (HSA) and acceptor (brucine) was obtained according to fluorescence resonance energy transfer. The effect of brucine on the conformation of HSA was analyzed using synchronous fluorescence spectroscopy and UV/vis absorption spectroscopy.     

Geometries and properties of bimetallic phosphido-bridged complex Cp(CO)2W(μ-PPh2)W(CO)5 and Cp(CO)3W(μ-PPh2)W(CO)5

Complete geometry optimizations were carried out by HF and DFT methods to study the molecular structure of binuclear transition-metal compounds (Cp(CO)₃W(μ-PPh₂)W(CO)₅) (I) and (Cp(CO)₂W(μ-PPh₂)W(CO)₅) (II). A comparison of the experimental data and calculated structural parameters demonstrates that the most accurate geometry parameters are predicted by the MPW1PW91/LANL2DZ among the three DFT methods. Topological properties of molecular charge distributions were analyzed with the theory of atoms in molecules. (3, −1) critical points, namely bond critical point, were found between the two tungsten atoms, and between W1 and C10 in complex II, which confirms the existence of the metal–metal bond and a semi-bridging CO between the two tungsten atoms. The result provided a theoretical guidance of detailed study on the binuclear phosphido-bridged complex containing transition metal–metal bond, which could be useful in the further study of the heterobimetallic phosphido-bridged complexes.     

Speciation analysis of aluminium(III) in natural waters and biological fluids by complexing with various catechols followed by differential pulse voltammetry detection

The biological effects of aluminium have received much attention in recent years. Speciation of Al is of basic relevance as it concerns its reactivity and bioavailability. A differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) procedure is proposed for speciation analysis of Al(III) in natural waters and biological fluids using six catechols (L-dopa, dopamine, epinephrine, norepinephrine, caffeic acid and o-benzenediol) as electroactive ligands. The decrease of the DPV anodic peak current for each catechol ligand is linear with the increase of Al concentration. This speciation analysis idea is based on the measurement of the complexation capacity, namely, different affinities of Al(III) for catechols and organic ligands under two pH conditions. The labile monomeric Al fraction (mainly inorganic aluminium) is determined at pH 4.6, while the total monomeric Al fraction is determined at pH 8.5. The principle for Al(III) speciation analysis by an electrochemical method is discussed. This sensitive and simple fractionation method is successfully applied to the speciation analysis of Al in natural waters and the results agree well with those of Driscoll's method. The speciation analysis of Al in biological fluids is also explored and the results are compared with those obtained by ultrafiltration and dialysis. Compared with other speciation protocols the electrochemical method possesses some remarkable advantages: rapidity, high sensitivity, cheap instrumentation and a simple operation procedure.