Erratum to “Entanglement in eight-qubit graph states” [Phys. Lett. A 373 (2009) 2219]

Some errors are corrected.     

Time-of-flight mass measurements for nuclear processes in neutron star crusts

We present results from time-of-flight nuclear mass measurements at the National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory that are relevant for neutron star crust models. The masses of 16 neutron-rich nuclei in the scandium-nickel range were determined simultaneously, with the masses of (61)V, (63)Cr, (66)Mn, and (74)Ni measured for the first time with mass excesses of -30.510(890) MeV, -35.280(650) MeV, -36.900(790) MeV, and -49.210(990) MeV, respectively. With these results the locations of the dominant electron capture heat sources in the outer crust of accreting neutron stars that exhibit super bursts are now experimentally constrained. We find the experimental Q value for the (66)Fe→(66)Mn electron capture to be 2.1 MeV (2.6σ) smaller than predicted, resulting in the transition occurring significantly closer to the neutron star surface.     

A sufficient degree condition for a graph to contain all trees of size <Emphasis Type="Italic">k</Emphasis>

The Erdős-Sós conjecture says that a graph G on n vertices and number of edges e(G) > n(k− 1)/2 contains all trees of size k. In this paper we prove a sufficient condition for a graph to contain every tree of size k formulated in terms of the minimum edge degree ζ(G) of a graph G defined as ζ(G) = min{d(u) + d(v) − 2: uv ∈ E(G)}. More precisely, we show that a connected graph G with maximum degree Δ(G) ≥ k and minimum edge degree ζ(G) ≥ 2k − 4 contains every tree of k edges if d _G (x) + d _G (y) ≥ 2k − 4 for all pairs x, y of nonadjacent neighbors of a vertex u of d _G (u) ≥ k.     

Claisen-Schmidt condensation reaction on BaO-ZrO2 mixed oxides

A series of BaO-ZrO₂ mixed oxides has been prepared by the sol-gel method. Crystalline structures were observed by XRD in the mixed oxides. High selectivity to chalcone and benzoic acid as by-products was obtained by performing the acetophenone-benzaldehyde condensation reaction. For both reactions a basic heterogeneous catalytic mechanism was suggested.     

A Branched and Double Alpha-Gal-Bearing Synthetic Neoglycoprotein as a Biomarker for Chagas Disease

Chagas disease (CD) is caused by the parasite Trypanosoma cruzi and affects 6–7 million people worldwide. The diagnosis is still challenging, due to extensive parasite diversity encompassing seven genotypes (TcI-VI and Tcbat) with diverse ecoepidemiological, biological, and pathological traits. Chemotherapeutic intervention is usually effective but associated with severe adverse events. The development of safer, more effective therapies is hampered by the lack of biomarker(s) (BMKs) for the early assessment of therapeutic outcomes. The mammal-dwelling trypomastigote parasite stage expresses glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored mucins (tGPI-MUC), whose O-glycans are mostly branched with terminal, nonreducing α-galactopyranosyl (α-Gal) glycotopes. These are absent in humans, and thus highly immunogenic and inducers of specific CD anti-α-Gal antibodies. In search for α-Gal-based BMKs, here we describe the synthesis of neoglycoprotein NGP11b, comprised of a carrier protein decorated with the branched trisaccharide Galα(1,2)[Galα(1,6)]Galβ. By chemiluminescent immunoassay using sera/plasma from chronic CD (CCD) patients from Venezuela and Mexico and healthy controls, NGP11b exhibited sensitivity and specificity similar to that of tGPI-MUC from genotype TcI, predominant in those countries. Preliminary evaluation of CCD patients subjected to chemotherapy showed a significant reduction in anti-α-Gal antibody reactivity to NGP11b. Our data indicated that NGP11b is a potential BMK for diagnosis and treatment assessment in CCD patients.     

Self-excited transverse combustion instabilities in a high pressure lean premixed jet flame

An experimental investigation of self-excited combustion instabilities in a high pressure, lean premixed natural gas jet flame is presented. The combustor is designed with optical access and is instrumented with high frequency pressure transducers at multiple axial and circumferential locations. OH*-chemiluminescence measurements performed at a frequency of 50 kHz were temporally synchronized with the acoustic measurements recorded from the pressure transducer array during the test. Two representative test conditions are analyzed in detail: Flame 1 (F1) that presents longitudinal mode dynamics $(p^{\prime }/p_c=3\%)$ and Flame 2 (F2) that presents high amplitude transverse instabilities $(p^{\prime }/p_c=15\%)$. Singular Spectrum Analysis (SSA) and Dynamic Mode Decomposition (DMD) analysis indicate a strong correlation of both instabilities to flame-vortex interactions. Longitudinal mode instabilities are correlated with axisymmetric vortex shedding about the combustor axis that result in periodic axial variations in heat release at the 1L frequency. Transverse mode instabilities correspond to asymmetric vortex shedding pattern that drive transverse variations in heat release at the fundamental 1T frequency of the combustion chamber. The phase relationship of the flame emission intensity and the chamber head-end pressure measurement at the 1T frequency indicates presence of a non-stationary transverse mode that rotates about the chamber axis at 55 Hz.     

Non-Maxwellian electron distributions in time-dependent simulations of low-Z materials illuminated by a high-intensity X-ray laser

The interaction of high intensity X-ray lasers with matter is modeled. A collisional-radiative time-dependent module is implemented to study radiation transport in matter from ultrashort and ultraintense X-ray bursts. Inverse bremsstrahlung absorption by free electrons, electron conduction or hydrodynamic effects are not considered. The collisional-radiative system is coupled with the electron distribution evolution treated with a Fokker-Planck approach with additional inelastic terms. The model includes spontaneous emission, resonant photoabsorption, collisional excitation and de-excitation, radiative recombination, photoionization, collisional ionization, three-body recombination, autoionization and dielectronic capture. It is found that for high densities, but still below solid, collisions play an important role and thermalization times are not short enough to ensure a thermal electron distribution. At these densities Maxwellian and non-Maxwellian electron distribution models yield substantial differences in collisional rates, modifying the atomic population dynamics.     

Sorption of 2,4-dichlorophenol on modified hydrotalcites

The adsorption of anionic surfactants (sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and sodium bis[2-ethylhexil]sulfosuccinate (AOT)) on hydrotalcite (HT) and the adsorption of 2,4-dichlorophenol (DCP) on HT and its modified forms from aqueous solutions was studied. The modification was carried out by calcinations (heat treatment) and hydrophobization using different anionic surfactants. The anionic surfactant isotherms were of the H-type. It was assumed that first the ion exchange mechanism takes place until approximately the anion exchange capacity of HT is reached and hereafter, the hydrophobic mechanism occurs forming surfactant bilayers. While the DCP adsorption was very poor on HT, significant uptake of DCP took place on calcined HT which was attributed to the simultaneously occurring rehydration and adsorption during the reconstruction of the layered structure. On anionic surfactant-HT complexes (“organo-hydrotalcites”) DCP was considerably adsolubilized in the anionic surfactant layers intercalated in HT. The AOT–HT complex appeared the more effective adsorbents for DCP.     

Study of rapid ionisation for simulation of soft X-ray lasers with the 2D hydro-radiative code ARWEN

We present our fast ionisation routine used to study transient soft X-ray lasers with ARWEN, a two-dimensional hydrodynamic code incorporating adaptative mesh refinement (AMR) and radiative transport.We compute global rates between ion stages assuming an effective temperature between singly-excited levels of each ion. A two-step method is used to obtain in a straightforward manner the variation of ion populations over long hydrodynamic time steps. We compare our model with existing theoretical results both stationary and transient, finding that the discrepancies are moderate except for large densities. We simulate an existing Molybdenum Ni-like transient soft X-ray laser with ARWEN. Use of the fast ionisation routine leads to a larger increase in temperature and a larger gain zone than when LTE datatables are used.