Poly[styrene-co-(N-vinylcarbazole)] copolymers with controlled molecular weights and narrow polydispersities were synthesized by nitroxide-mediated “living” free radical copolymerization using an initiator/capping agent system consisting of benzoyl peroxide (BPO) and the stable nitroxyl radical 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-N-oxyl (TEMPO). The copolymerization behaves in a “living” fashion and allows the synthesis of poly[styrene-co-(N-vinylcarbazole)]/polystyrene block copolymers via a controlled chain-extension reaction of the prepared copolymers with styrene. 相似文献
Synthesis and Coordination of 2-Acetylimino-1,3-dimethylimidazoline. The Crystal Structure of [Cu4I4(C7H11N3O)2] 2-Acetylimino–1,3-dimethylimidazoline ( 2 , ImNAc) obtained from 1,3-dimethyl-2-iminoimidazoline ( 1 ) and acetyl chloride forms with CuI the stepped cubane type complex [Cu4I4(ImNAc)2] ( 3 ); the X-ray structure of 3 is reported. 相似文献
In this paper we report on a zirconocene dichloride/methylaluminoxane catalyst system supported on a crosslinked polystyrene in order to provide ethylene polymerization catalysts for gas phase or slurry processes. Our novel approach uses the Diels‐Alder reaction of cyclopentadiene functions as the final, cross‐linking synthetic step. This provides polymer supported zirconocene catalysts with a homogeneous distribution of active sites. The catalysts were shown to be highly active and to form spherical beads as proven by scanning electron microscopy. 相似文献
On textured n-type silicon substrates for solar cell manufacturing, the relation between light trapping behavior, structural
imperfections, energetic distribution of interface state densities and interface recombination losses were investigated by
applying surface sensitive techniques. The field-modulated surface photovoltage (SPV), in-situ photoluminescence (PL) measurements, total hemispherical UV-NIR-reflectance measurements and electron microscopy (SEM) were
employed to yield detailed information on the influence of wet-chemical treatments on preparation induced micro-roughness
and electronic properties of polished and textured silicon substrates. It was shown that isotropic as well as anisotropic
etching of light trapping structures result in high surface micro-roughness and density of interface states. Removing damaged
surface layers in the nm range by wet-chemical treatments, the density of these states and the related interface recombination
loss can be reduced. In-situ PL measurements were applied to optimise HF-treatment times aimed at undamaged, oxide-free and hydrogen-terminated substrate
surfaces as starting material for subsequent solar cell preparations.
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Functionalized nanodiamonds : Various functional groups have been incorporated into the structures of the naturally occurring diamondoids [1(2)3]tetramantane and [12312]hexamantane (cyclohexamantane), which represent hydrogen‐terminated prism‐shaped nanodiamonds (see picture). The attachment points define the use of these diamond‐like molecules as geometric building blocks for a variety of applications.
Internationally distributed organic and inorganic oxygen isotopic reference materials have been calibrated by six laboratories carrying out more than 5300 measurements using a variety of high‐temperature conversion techniques (HTC) a in an evaluation sponsored by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC). To aid in the calibration of these reference materials, which span more than 125‰, an artificially enriched reference water (δ18O of +78.91‰) and two barium sulfates (one depleted and one enriched in 18O) were prepared and calibrated relative to VSMOW2 b and SLAP reference waters. These materials were used to calibrate the other isotopic reference materials in this study, which yielded:
The crystal structure of the title compound was incorrectly reported as a methanol solvate [Koleva et al. in Struct Chem 19:147–154,
2008] on the basis of room temperature X-ray diffraction data. We have now established the presence of a disordered water
molecule rather than the methanol molecule using a low temperature data set collected at 110 K. 相似文献