Prevalent Behavior of Strongly Order Preserving Semiflows

Classical results in the theory of monotone semiflows give sufficient conditions for the generic solution to converge toward an equilibrium or toward the set of equilibria (quasiconvergence). In this paper, we provide new formulations of these results in terms of the measure-theoretic notion of prevalence, developed in Christensen (Israel J. Math., 13, 255–260, 1972) and Hunt et al. (Bull. Am. Math. Soc., 27, 217–238, 1992). For monotone reaction–diffusion systems with Neumann boundary conditions on convex domains, we show the prevalence of the set of continuous initial conditions corresponding to solutions that converge to a spatially homogeneous equilibrium. We also extend a previous generic convergence result to allow its use on Sobolev spaces. Careful attention is given to the measurability of the various sets involved.     

Determination of <Superscript>93</Superscript>Zr in nuclear power plant wastes

A radioanalytical method (based on separation using UTEVA columns and ICP-MS measurement) has been used for determination of ⁹³Zr in 37 nuclear power plant samples. As ⁹³Nb might affect the detection of ⁹³Zr, Monte Carlo activation model was used to calculate the expected ⁹³Zr/^natZr mass ratio, which was compared to measured ones. It was found, that a decontamination factor of 10³ is sufficient to get a measurement uncertainty of less than 10%.     

Magnetism and disorder effects on muon spin rotation measurements of the magnetic penetration depth in iron-arsenic superconductors

It is shown that attempts to accurately deduce the magnetic penetration depth λ of overdoped BaFe(1.82)Co(0.18)As? single crystals by transverse-field muon spin rotation (TF μSR) are thwarted by field-induced magnetic order and strong vortex-lattice disorder. We explain how substantial deviations from the magnetic field distribution of a nearly perfect vortex lattice by one or both of these factors is also significant for other iron-arsenic superconductors, and this introduces considerable uncertainty in the values of λ obtained by TF μSR.     

Observation of a diamagnetic signal up to 132 K in a Tl−Ca−Ba−Cu−O compound

Tl–Ca–Ba–Cu–O compounds of the nominal composition of (1, 1, 1, 1) have been prepared from different starting materials and with the same heat treatment process. During the investigation of their properties a diamagnetic signal has been found up to the temperature of 132 K. This hints at the existence of a certain material content distributed into discrete superconducting domains. The parameters of it reflect a superstructure of the (2, 2, 2, 3) and (2, 1, 2, 2) compositions having a time-dependent behaviour. On the basis of the signal levels at 132 K and 4.2 K, the quantity of the high temperature superconducting material is about 0.01% of the total one at liquid He temperatures.     

Multiplicity distribution inK + Al andK + Au collisions at 250 GeV/c and a test of the multiple collision model

Multiplicity distributions, observed inK ⁺ interactions with Al and Au nuclei at 250 GeV/c incident momentum are presented. They are analyzed in the framework of multiple collisions of the incident particle inside a nucleus. The probability distribution of the number of grey tracks is well described by the model of Andersson et al., if a negative binomial distribution is assumed for the distribution of the number of grey protons produced per elementary collision instead of the usual geometrical distribution. The analysis of the average and dispersion of the charge multiplicity distribution supports the validity of the multiple collision model, including results on correlations between forward and backward multiplicities.     

Characterisation of α-chitin extracted from a lichenised fungus species Xanthoria parietina

Lichens are symbiotic associations formed mainly by ascomycete fungi and green algae or cyanobacteria. The presence of chitin in the fungal cell wall has been revealed by previous studies. Considering the presence of fungi in the lichens, this work determines the presence of chitin in a cosmopolitan lichen species Xanthoria parietina. In this study, chitin was derived from a lichen species for the first time and its physicochemical properties were determined by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and elemental analysis. The dry weight chitin content of X. parietina was 4.23%, and this chitin was in the α-form. The crystalline index value of the lichen chitin was calculated as 70.1%. The chitin from X. parietina had a smooth surface.     

Molecular characterization and first report of Cryptosporidium genotypes in human population in the Slovak Republic

In our study, we examined 91 fecal samples from five different groups of people containing HIV patients, hemodialysis patients, kidney transplant recipients, immunocompetent humans without clinical signs, and humans with suspected cryptosporidiosis. The purpose of our study was to determine species and genotype composition of representatives of Cryptosporidium spp. using PCR analysis of small subunit ribosomal RNA gene and 60‐kDa glycoprotein gene and examine their phylogenetic relationship. In HIV‐positive/AIDS‐infected group of patients and in hemodialysis patients, no presence of Cryptosporidium species was detected. In two kidney transplant recipients, we detected species/genotypes Cryptosporidium parvum IIaA13G1T1R1 (KT355488) and Cryptosporidium hominis IaA11G2R8 (KT355489) and in two immunocompetent patients with clinical symptoms, we identified Cryptosporidium muris and C. hominis IbA10G2T1 (KT355490). In the group of healthy immunocompetent individuals without clinical signs, we identified species/genotype C. hominis IbA11G2 (KT355491) in one sample.     

Solid supported chemical syntheses of both components of the lantibiotic lacticin 3147

Lantibiotics are antimicrobial peptides produced by bacteria. Some are employed for food preservation, whereas others have therapeutic potential due to their activity against organisms resistant to current antibiotics. They are ribosomally synthesized and posttranslationally modified by dehydration of serine and threonine residues followed by attack of thiols of cysteines to form monosulfide lanthionine and methyllanthionine rings, respectively. Chemical synthesis of peptide analogues is a powerful method to verify stereochemistry and access structure-activity relationships. However, solid supported synthesis of lantibiotics has been difficult due to problems in generating lanthionines and methyllanthionines with orthogonal protection and good stereochemical control. We report the solid-phase syntheses of both peptides of a two-component lantibiotic, lacticin 3147. Both successive and interlocking ring systems were synthesized on-resin, thereby providing a general methodology for this family of natural products.     

On some classes of distance distribution function-valued submeasures

In this paper we continue the study of a submeasure notion introduced in Hutník and Mesiar (2009) [1] involving a class of operations which provides a generalization ofτ_T-submeasures. We construct pseudo-metrics and metrics generated by such probabilistic submeasures. Two possible generalizations of our submeasure notion are discussed.