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21.
A simple modification of the West?? extraction procedure for methylmercury and its determination by gas chromatography (GC) is presented. The cysteine clean-up step has been modified, with use of cysteine-impregnated paper instead of cysteine solution. Methylmercury bromide is extracted from the sample into toluene and is selectively adsorbed on the cysteine paper. Interfering compounds are washed from the paper with toluene. The isolated methylmercury is set free with sulphuric acid containing bromide, extracted into benzene and determined by GC. The modification of the extraction procedure results in good recovery and reproducibility for various biological and environmental samples, good sensitivity with a detection limit of 0.1 ng/g, avoidance of difficulties arising from emulsion formation, cleaner chromatograms, and faster analysis. It is particularly suitable for determination of low levels of MeHg. 相似文献
22.
Simultaneous determination of trace uranium and thorium by radiochemical neutron activation analysis
A method for the simultaneous, radiochemical neutron activation analysis of uranium and thorium at trace levels in biological materials is described, based on a technique known as LICSIR, in which a double neutron irradiation is employed. In the first, long irradiation233Pa (27.0 d) is induced by neutron capture on232Th and then the sample is cooled for several weeks. A second short irradiation to induce239U (23.5 m) is followed by a rapid sequential radiochemical separation by solvent extraction of239U with TBP and233Pa with TOPO. Chemical yields of239U and233Pa were measured for each sample aliquot using added235U and231Pa tracers from the -spectra of the separated fractions. The technique was validated by quality control analyses. 相似文献
23.
The temperature dependencies of europium carbonate stability constants were examined at 15, 25, and 35°C in 0.68 molal Na+(ClO 4 ? , HCO 3 ? ) using a tributyl phosphate solvent extration technique. Our distribution data can be explained by the equilibria $$\begin{gathered} Eu^{3 + } + H_2 O + CO_2 (g)_ \leftarrow ^ \to EuCO_3^ + + 2H^ + \hfill \\ - log\beta _{12} = 9.607 + 496(t + 273.16)^{ - 1} \hfill \\ Eu^{3 + } + 2H_2 O + 2CO_2 (g)_ \leftarrow ^ \to Eu(CO_3 )_2^ - + 4H^ + \hfill \\ - log\beta _{24} = 21.951 + 670(t + 273.16)^{ - 1} \hfill \\ Eu^{3 + } + H_2 O + CO_2 (g)_ \leftarrow ^ \to EuHCO_3^{2 + } + H^ + \hfill \\ - log\beta _{11} = 1.688 + 1397(t + 273.16)^{ - 1} \hfill \\ \end{gathered}$$ 相似文献
24.
Summary A neutron-activation method for determination of nanogram levels of palladium in biological samples is described. It is based on radiochemical separation of 13.5-hr109Pd by solvent extraction of its dimethylglyoximate complex into chloroform from the acid solution obtained by wet ashing of the irradiated sample. The effect of the acidity of the aqueous phase on the extraction coefficient was also investigated by radiotracer experiments. Results are reported for biological standard reference materials and a few environmental samples.
Presented at the 8th International Microchemical Symposium, Graz, August 25–30, 1980. 相似文献
Bestimmung von Palladium in biologischen Proben durch Neutronen-Aktivierung
Zusammenfassung Eine Neutronen-Aktivierungsmethode zur Bestimmung von Nano-grammengen Palladium in biologischen Proben wurde beschrieben. Sie beruht auf der radiochemischen Trennung des109Pd durch Extraktion seines Dimethylglyoxim-Komplexes mit Chloroform aus der sauren, durch nasse Veraschung gewonnenen Lösung der bestrahlten Probe. Der Einfluß der Acidität der wäßrigen Phase auf den Extraktionskoeffizienten wurde ebenfalls durch Radiotracer-Versuche geprüft. Untersuchungsergebnisse für biologische Standardproben und einige Milieuproben wurden mitgeteilt.
Presented at the 8th International Microchemical Symposium, Graz, August 25–30, 1980. 相似文献
25.
Masaru Kawakami Katherine Byrne Bhavin S Khatri Tom C B McLeish D Alastair Smith 《Chemphyschem》2006,7(8):1710-1716
The viscoelastic properties of single poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) molecules were measured by analysis of thermally and magnetically driven oscillations of an atomic force microscope (AFM) cantilever/molecule system. The molecular and monomer stiffness and friction of the PEG polymer were derived using a simple harmonic oscillator (SHO) model. Excellent agreement between the values of these two parameters obtained by the two approaches indicates the validity of the SHO model under the experimental regimes and the excellent reproducibility of the techniques. A sharp minimum in the monomeric friction is seen at around 180 pN applied force which we propose is due to a force induced change in the shape of the energy landscape describing the conformational transition of PEG from a helical to a planar state, which in turn affects the timescale of the transition and therefore modifies the measured internal friction. A knowledge of the viscoelastic response of PEG monomers is particularly important since PEG is widely used as a linker molecule for tethering groups of interest to the AFM tip in force spectroscopy experiments, and we show here that care must be exercised because of the force-dependent viscoelastic properties of these linkers. 相似文献
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Saeed Kamali Hongxin Wang Devrani Mitra Hideaki Ogata Wolfgang Lubitz Brian C. Manor Thomas B. Rauchfuss Deborah Byrne Violaine Bonnefoy Francis E. Jenney Michael W. W. Adams Yoshitaka Yoda Ercan Alp Jiyong Zhao Stephen P. Cramer 《Angewandte Chemie (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2013,125(2):752-756
30.
Dr. Jing Xu Dominica H. C. Wong James D. Byrne Kai Chen Dr. Charles Bowerman Prof. Joseph M. DeSimone 《Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)》2013,52(26):6580-6589
Particle replication in nonwetting templates (PRINT) is a continuous, roll‐to‐roll, high‐resolution molding technology which allows the design and synthesis of precisely defined micro‐ and nanoparticles. This technology adapts the lithographic techniques from the microelectronics industry and marries these with the roll‐to‐roll processes from the photographic film industry to enable researchers to have unprecedented control over particle size, shape, chemical composition, cargo, modulus, and surface properties. In addition, PRINT is a GMP‐compliant (GMP=good manufacturing practice) platform amenable for particle fabrication on a large scale. Herein, we describe some of our most recent work involving the PRINT technology for application in the biomedical and material sciences. 相似文献