Chiral dynamics andK l4 form factors

The axial vector form factors for the decayK _l4 are studied in the context of effective Lagrangian invariant under chiralSU(3)?SU(3) symmetry. The hadronic part of the process is converted into a scattering process by using a field-current identity and the amplitude in turn is calculated by assuming pole dominance. The relations for the form factors thus obtained are (in some soft limit) consistent with those of current algebra and Veneziano model.     

Identification of novel thiourea-stilbene-triazine conjugates as persuasive lymphoid tyrosine phosphatase inhibitors

A library of novel thiourea-based symmetrical stilbene-triazines ( 5a-i ) was synthesized in an effort to develop new protein tyrosine phosphatase LYP inhibitors. The versatile nature of 2,4,6-trichloro-1,3,5-triazine allows considerable scope for derivatization and hence exploration of structure activity relationships. A convenient and versatile three-step synthetic approach involved the successive replacement of the two chloro groups of 2,4,6-trichloro-1,3,5-triazine by a variety of substituents for structural modification. The newly synthesized derivatives were subjected to tyrosine phosphatase LYP inhibition studies. The results for the in vitro bioassays were promising with the identification of compound 5k and 5l having a 4-methyl and 4-methoxy substituent on phenyl ring, as the lead and selective candidate for LYP inhibition with an IC₅₀ value of 2.1 ± 0.05 μM and 28 ± 3.3 μM, respectively. Moreover, docking studies were carried out to determine the possible interaction sites of thiourea-based stilbene-triazine compounds with Lymphoid Tyrosine Phosphatase. Results of docking computations further ascertained the inhibitory potential of compound 5k and 5l . The results indicated that the compound 5k may serve as a structural model for the design of most potent LYP inhibitors.     

Novel Stilbene-triazine Symmetrical Optical Brighteners: Synthesis and Applications

A series of new high light fastness, hot pressing fastness optical brighteners was efficiently synthesized by a three-step approach involving the successive replacement of the three chloro groups of 2,4,6-trichloro-1,3,5-triazine under different conditions of temperature and pH. Thus, 2,4,6-trichloro-1,3,5-triazine was treated with different anilines and the resulting dichlorotriazinyl intermediates (3a-I) were further condensed with 4,4-diaminostilbene-2,2′-disulfonic acid to afford bis-monochlorotriazine (5a-I) followed by nucleophilic substitution with ethanolamine to furnish the final hybrid brighteners (7a-I). All of the newly synthesized compounds were characterized by Fourier-Transform Infrared (FT-IR), UV-visible absorption, NMR spectroscopy and the elemental analyses. The synthesized optical brighteners were also assessed for their efficacy as fluorescent brightening agents.     

Potent anti-platelet constituents from Centaurea iberica

New naturally occurring nitrogenous compounds 1 and 2, along with a new dimeric lignan glucoside 3, have been isolated from the ethyl acetate soluble fraction of Centaurea iberica. Their structures have been elucidated through spectroscopic techniques. All the isolated compounds showed significant platelet aggregation inhibition.     

Association of Ionic Liquids in Solution: Conductivity Studies of [BMIM][Cl] and [BMIM][PF6] in Binary Mixtures of Acetonitrile + Methanol

The concentration dependence of molar conductance for 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate in binary mixtures of acetonitrile + methanol was investigated to explore the ion association behavior of imidazolium based ionic liquids. The limiting molar conductance $(\Uplambda_{m}^{0})$ ( Λ m 0 ) , association constants (K _a ⁰ ) and the maximal distance between the oppositely charged ions in ion pairs (R _ij ) in the mixed solvent mixtures were evaluated following the framework of Barthel’s low-concentration chemical model. The investigated ILs display opposing trends in ion association behavior with change in solvent composition of acetonitrile + methanol binary mixtures. The results are discussed in light of ionic liquid and solvent specific ion?solvent and ion?ion interactions in the mixed solvent systems.     

Comparison of urinary iodide determination in female thyroid patients by two techniques

Iodine deficiency affects a substantial portion of the world’s population, provoking severe health problems as well as important economic losses to the region in which this condition is found. In present study, evaluated the levels of urinary iodide (UI) and thyroid hormone status in female hypothyroid patients (HPs) and control subjects of same age group 16–30 years. The UI in HPs was measured by means of a Potentiometric method after microwave-assisted acid digestion, and compared the results with those obtained by the Sandell-Kolthoff method. The validity and accuracy was checked by using certified reference materials. The significantly lower concentration of iodide in the urine samples of the female goiter patients were observed as compared to control/referents subjects (p < 0.001). Serum thyroid status thyroid stimulating hormone, free triiodothyronine and free thyroxin were significantly lower in female patients as compared to control females (p < 0.003). The proposed method was relatively rapid, precise, accurate, efficient, as well as cost effective by using inexpensive equipment.     

Measurement of muon-induced neutron yield at the China Jinping Underground Laboratory

Solar, terrestrial, and supernova neutrino experiments are subject to muon-induced radioactive background. The China Jinping Underground Laboratory (CJPL), with its unique advantage of a 2400 m rock coverage and long distance from nuclear power plants, is ideal for MeV-scale neutrino experiments. Using a 1-ton prototype detector of the Jinping Neutrino Experiment (JNE), we detected 343 high-energy cosmic-ray muons and (7.86\begin{document}$ \pm $\end{document}3.97) muon-induced neutrons from an 820.28-day dataset at the first phase of CJPL (CJPL-I). Based on the muon-induced neutrons, we measured the corresponding muon-induced neutron yield in a liquid scintillator to be \begin{document}$(3.44 \pm 1.86_{\rm stat.}\pm $\end{document}\begin{document}$ 0.76_{\rm syst.})\times 10^{-4}$\end{document} μ^?1g^?1cm² at an average muon energy of 340 GeV. We provided the first study for such neutron background at CJPL. A global fit including this measurement shows a power-law coefficient of (0.75\begin{document}$ \pm $\end{document}0.02) for the dependence of the neutron yield at the liquid scintillator on muon energy.     

Synthesis of Symmetric Bridged Bis-Pyrazolone Based Metal Complex Acid Dyes and their Applications on Leather

Our present investigation aims at the synthesis and application of new, symmetric bridged bis-pyrazolone based acid dyes. The bis-pyrazolone compounds were accomplished from bis- hydrazine of 4,4′-Diaminostilbene-2,2′-disulfonic acid and ethyl acetoacetate. The bis-pyrazolones have been coupled with diazonium salts of o-hydroxyl aromatic amines which resulted in ligand dyes. The intermediate ligand dyes were treated with 3d transition metals to achieve the targeted metal complex acid dyes. The structures of investigated compounds were confirmed with the help of spectroscopic techniques. Dyes were applied on leather and their application parameters including their light fastness, wash fastness and rubbing fastness were determined.

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Graphical Abstract Symmetric brymmetric Bridged bis-Pyrazolone based Metal Complex Acid

     

Novasomes as Nano-Vesicular Carriers to Enhance Topical Delivery of Fluconazole: A New Approach to Treat Fungal Infections

The occurrence of fungal infections has increased over the past two decades. It is observed that superficial fungal infections are treated by conventional dosage forms, which are incapable of treating deep infections due to the barrier activity possessed by the stratum corneum of the skin. This is why the need for a topical preparation with advanced penetration techniques has arisen. This research aimed to encapsulate fluconazole (FLZ) in a novasome in order to improve the topical delivery. The novasomes were prepared using the ethanol injection technique and characterized for percent entrapment efficiency (EE), particle size (PS), zeta potential (ZP), drug release, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and antifungal activity. The FN7 formulation with 94.45% EE, 110 nm PS and −24 ZP proved to be the best formulation. The FN7 formulation showed a 96% release of FLZ in 8 h. FTIR showed the compatibility of FLZ with excipients and DSC studies confirmed the thermal stability of FLZ in the developed formulation. The FN7 formulation showed superior inhibition of the growth of Candida albicans compared to the FLZ suspension using a resazurin reduction assay, suggesting high efficacy in inhibiting fungal growth.