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51.
The investigation of the behavior of a nonlinear system consists in theanalysis of different stages of its motion, where the complexity varieswith the proximity of a resonance region. Near this region the stabilitydomain of the system undergoes sudden changes due basically tocompetition and interaction between periodic and saddle solutions insidethe phase portrait, leading to the occurrence of the most differentphenomena. Depending of the domain of the chosen control parameter,these events can reveal interesting geometric features of the system sothat the phase portrait is not capable to express all them, since theprojection of these solutions on the two-dimensional surface can hidesome aspects of these events. In this work we will investigate thenumerical solutions of a particular pendulum system close to a secondaryresonance region, where we vary the control parameter in a restrictdomain in order to draw a preliminary identification about what happenswith this system. This domain includes the appearance of non-hyperbolicsolutions where the basin of attraction in the center of the phaseportrait diminishes considerably, almost disappearing, and afterwardsits size increases with the direction of motion inverted. Thisphenomenon delimits a boundary between low and high frequency of theexternal excitation. 相似文献
52.
Arthur Maki Robert L. Sams Jeffrey Barber Engelene t.H. Chrysostom Alfons Weber 《Journal of Molecular Spectroscopy》2004,225(2):109-122
Several new infrared absorption bands for 32S16O3 have been measured and analyzed. The principal bands observed were ν1+ν2 (at 1561 cm−1), ν1+ν4 (at 1594 cm−1), ν3+ν4 (at 1918 cm−1), and 3ν3 (at 4136 cm−1). Except for 3ν3, these bands are very complicated because of (a) the Coriolis coupling between ν2 and ν4, (b) the Fermi resonance between ν1 and 2ν4, (c) the Fermi resonance between ν1 and 2ν2, (d) ordinary l-type resonance that couples levels that differ by 2 in both the k and l quantum numbers, and (e) the vibrational l-type resonance between the A1′ and A2′ levels of ν3+ν4. The unraveling of the complex pattern of these bands was facilitated by a systematic approach to the understanding of the various interactions. Fortunately, previous work on the fundamentals permitted good estimates of many constants necessary to begin the assignments and the fit of the measurements. In addition, the use of hot band transitions accompanying the ν3 band was an essential aid in fitting the ν3+ν4 transitions since these could be directly observed for only one of four interacting states. From the hot band analysis we find that the A1′ vibrational level is 3.50 cm−1 above the A2′ level, i.e., r34=1.75236(7) cm−1. In the case of the 3ν3 band, the spectral analysis is straightforward and a weak Δk=±2, Δl3=±2 interaction between the l3=1 and l3=3 substates locates the latter A1′ and A2′ “ghost” states 22.55(4) cm−1 higher than the infrared accessible l3=1 E′ state. 相似文献
53.
Spectral changes induced by moderate electric fields provide detailed insight into the electronic states of organic and inorganic solids. Although the basic effects, Stark effect and Franz–Keldysh effect, are the same in both types of material, the electroabsorption spectra vary strongly in size and spectral lineshape due to competing interactions. The large variance of the effects is demonstrated by representative examples of high mobility semiconductors, quantum wells, π-conjugated polymers, and charge transfer transitions in single crystals, disordered films and a double-quantum well. It is shown that only high-quality samples reveal the quantum mechanics of field-induced effects which are very sensitive to disorder. 相似文献
54.
It is wellknown that the technique of character sums together with the tools of algebraic number theory is the adequate method for the study of difference sets in abelian groups, compare for instance Ott [5] or Turyn [6]. In this paper we use this method to prove a new non-existence theorem for certain difference sets in abelian groups of order rpa rp^a , where r 1 2 r \neq 2 and p are distinct primes. 相似文献
55.
56.
Gerhard Eisenbeis 《Micron (Oxford, England : 1993)》2003,34(8):453
57.
Armin C. Schneider Christoph Pasel Michael Luckas Klaus Gerhard Schmidt Jan-Dirk Herbell 《Journal of solution chemistry》2004,33(3):257-273
The single ion activity coefficients of hydrogen and chloride ions in aqueous HCl solutions have been estimated at 25°C at concentrations up to 1 mol-kg–1, using potentiometric measurements with ion-selective electrodes and appropriate calibration procedures. Two methods are described for an internal calibration of the electrodes in the extended Debye–Hückel concentration range. The results are compared to the conventional pH calibration with external buffer solutions. Since the latter calibration method does not account for the liquid junction potential E
J which arises at the reference electrode, the resulting activity coefficients are quite different in HCl solutions of higher concentration. These differences between internal and external calibration decrease significantly, when a correction for E
J is introduced into the conventional pH calibration. Hence, in solutions of higher ionic strength the accuracy of the conventional pH electrode calibration using buffer solutions is very limited, when exact H+ activities are required. The consistency of the results indicates that the liquid junction potentials in the examined systems calculated by the Henderson/Bates approximation are of reasonable precision. 相似文献
58.
H. Biltz Wilhelm Klemm Werner Fischer J. A. Hedvall A. Klemene und S. Oehlinger 《Fresenius' Journal of Analytical Chemistry》1938,112(1-2):30-32
Ohne Zusammenfassung 相似文献
59.
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