Large Scale Bioprocess for the Production of Optically Pure <Emphasis Type="Italic">L</Emphasis>-Carnitine

Summary. A competitive production method using the biotransformation of 4-butyrobetaine to enantiomerically pure L-carnitine was developed and scaled-up by Lonza. The process produces L-carnitine in 99.5% yield, and >99.9% enantiomeric excess (ee). Continuous and discontinuous processes were developed but the fed-batch process was found to be economically the most favourable process mode.     

Observation of the B meson in K−p interactions at 4.2 GeVc

A πω enhancement at 1245 MeV is observed in the reaction K^?p → Σ⁺π^?ω. Its properties agree with those of a B meson produced by natural-parity exchange thus establishing a coupling of the B to a $\text{K}\text{K}{}^1$ system.