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851.
M. Saeed Butt Zareen Akhter M. Zafar-uz-Zaman Humaira Masood Siddiqi 《Colloid and polymer science》2008,286(12):1455-1461
The diamine, 4-aminophenyloxy-N-4-[(4-amiophenyloxy)benzylidene]aniline, was prepared via the nucleophilic substitution reaction and was polymerized with
different dianhydrides either by one-step solution polymerization reaction or two-step procedure. The latter includes ring-opening
polyaddition to give poly(amic acid), followed by cyclodehydration to polyimides. The inherent viscosity ranges from 0.61–0.79 dl/g.
Some of the polymers were soluble in most of the organic solvents such as DMSO, DMF, DMAc, NMP, and m-cresol even at room temperature. The degradation temperature of the resultant polymers falls in the ranges from 240–500 °C
in nitrogen with only 10% weight loss. Specific heat capacity at 200 °C ranges from 1.0929–2.6275 J g−1 k−1. The temperature at which the maximum degradation of the polymer occurs ranges from 600–630 °C. The glass transition temperature
(Tg) values of the polyimides ranged from 185 to 272 °C. The activation energy and enthalpy of the polyimides ranged from
47.5–55.0 kJ/mole and 45.7–53.0 kJ/mole and the moisture absorption in the range of 0.23–0.72%. 相似文献
852.
Shen X Boswell CA Wong EH Weisman GR Anderson CJ Tomellini SA 《Biomedical chromatography : BMC》2006,20(1):37-47
The use of copper radioisotopes in imaging and therapy has prompted an increased interest in chelators which form stable copper complexes, such as Cu(II)-azamacrocyclic complexes. The effects of charge, stability and the size of the macrocyclic backbone of the Cu(II)-azamacrocyclic complexes on biological behavior have been evaluated. Here we report a reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method to separate several Cu(II)-azamacrocyclic complexes, including Cu(II) complexes of 1,4,8,11-tetraazacyclotetradecane-1,4,8,11-tetraacetic acid (TETA), 4,11-bis(carboxymethyl)-1,4,8,11-tetraazabicyclo[6.6.2]hexadecane (CB-TE2A) and 4,10-bis(carboxymethyl)-1,4,7,10-tetraazabicyclo[5.5.2]tetradecane (CB-DO2A). Absorbance at 280 nm was used to monitor the complexes as they eluted from the reversed-phase column. The effects of the concentration of the buffer, the pH of the buffered mobile phase and the concentration of the organic modifier, methanol, on the separation were investigated. Separation of these copper complexes by ion-pair HPLC with the use of a mass spectrometry-compatible ion-pair reagent, triethylammonium acetate, in the mobile phase at pH 6.3 is also presented. The reversed-phase chromatographic conditions utilized also allow the pK(a)s of Cu-TETA and the log(k'w) values of Cu-CB-TE2A, Cu-TETA and Cu-CB-DO2A to be estimated. 相似文献
853.
Maximilian Weiss Thomas Glechner Victor U. Weiss Helmut Riedl Andreas Limbeck 《Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)》2022,27(10)
The increased demand for sustainability requires, among others, the development of new materials with enhanced corrosion resistance. Transition metal diborides are exceptional candidates, as they exhibit fascinating mechanical and thermal properties. However, at elevated temperatures and oxidizing atmospheres, their use is limited due to the fact of their inadequate oxidation resistance. Recently, it was found that chromium diboride doped with silicon can overcome this limitation. Further improvement of this protective coating requires detailed knowledge regarding the composition of the forming oxide layer and the change in the composition of the remaining thin film. In this work, an analytical method for the quantitative measurement of depth profiles without using matrix-matched reference materials was developed. Using this approach, based on the recently introduced online-LASIL technique, it was possible to achieve a depth resolution of 240 nm. A further decrease in the ablation rate is possible but demands a more sensitive detection of silicon. Two chromium diboride samples with different Si contents suffering an oxidation treatment were used to demonstrate the capabilities of this technique. The concentration profiles resembled the pathway of the formed oxidation layers as monitored with transmission electron microscopy. The stoichiometry of the oxidation layers differed strongly between the samples, suggesting different processes were taking place. The validity of the LASIL results was cross-checked with several other analytical techniques. 相似文献
854.
Madhab Prasad Bajgai Santosh Aryal Douk Rae Lee Soo-Jin Park Hak Yong Kim 《Colloid and polymer science》2008,286(5):517-524
Amphiphilic graft copolymer composed of poly(∈-caprolactone) and dextran was synthesized by ring opening polymerization of
∈-caprolactone initiated through the hydroxyl end of dextran in the presence of stannous 2-ethylhexanoate [Sn (oct)2] as a catalyst. It has been widely characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, 1H NMR, and thermogravimetric analysis. Nanoparticles were prepared in aqueous medium by co-solvent evaporation technique at
room temperature (25 °C). Hydrodynamic diameter and particle size were measured by dynamic light scattering spectroscopy and
atomic force microscopy, respectively. Core-shell geometry of polymeric nanoparticle was characterized by fluorescence spectrophotometer
using pyrene as a probe. Critical micelle concentration of polymer in triple distilled water decreased from 6.9 × 10−4 to 8.9 × 10−4 g/l with increasing hydrophobic moiety. Further, the physiological stability of the nanoparticles in phosphate buffer saline
of pH 7.4 at 37 °C was evaluated, which showed promising in drug delivery system. 相似文献
855.
Abdoul-Fatah Kanta Ghislain Montavon Marie-Pierre Planche Christian Coddet 《Plasma Chemistry and Plasma Processing》2008,28(2):249-262
Modeling the behavior of air plasma spray (APS) process, one of the challenges nowadays is to identify the parameter interdependencies,
correlations and individual effects on coating properties, characteristics and influences on the in-service properties. APS
modeling requires a global approach which considers the relationships between coating characteristics/ in-service properties
and process parameters. Such an approach permits to reduce the development costs. This is why a robust methodology is needed
to study these interrelated effects. Artificial intelligence based on fuzzy logic and artificial neural network concepts offers
the possibility to develop a global approach to predict the coating characteristics so as to reach the required operating
parameters. The model considered coating properties (porosity) and established the relationships with power process parameters
(arc current intensity, total plasma gas flow rate, hydrogen content) on the basis of artificial intelligence rules. Consequently,
the role and the effects of each power process parameter were discriminated. The specific case of the deposition of alumina–titania
(Al2O3–TiO2, 13% by weight) by APS was considered. 相似文献
856.
A novel heterogeneous strong acid catalyst was synthesized through the copolymerization of p-toluenesulfonic acid and paraformaldehyde and utilized for the synthesis of fructone. The results showed that the catalyst was very efficient for the reaction with the yield over 95%. The advantages of extremely high density of acidity, high thermal and chemical stability, low cost for the simple synthetic procedure, and reusability made the catalyst one of the best choices for the reaction. 相似文献
857.
The effect of substrate concentration on biohydrogen production by using kinetic models 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
The effect of substrate concentration ranging from 0 to 300 g/L on fermentative hydrogen production by mixed cultures was investigated in batch tests using glucose as substrate. The experimental results showed that, at 35℃ and initial pH 7.0, during the fermentative hydrogen production, the hydrogen production potential and hydrogen production rate increased with increasing substrate concentration from 0 to 25 g/L. The maximal hydrogen production potential of 426.8 mL and maximal hydrogen pro-duction rate of 15.1 mL/h were obtained at the substrate concentration of 25 g/L. The maximal hydrogen yield and the maximal substrate degradation efficiency were respectively 384.3 mL/g glucose and 97.6%, at the substrate concentration of 2 g/L. The modified Logistic model could be used to describe the progress of cumulative hydrogen production in this study successfully. The Han-Levenspiel model could be used to describe the effect of substrate concentration on fermentative hydrogen production rate. 相似文献
858.
The importance of anharmonic effect in dissociation of molecular systems especially clusters has been noted. In this paper, we shall study the effect of coupled anharmonic oscillator of the standard bilinear form (SBF) Morse oscillator (MO) potential on unimolecular reaction. We shall use the systematic theoretical approach, YL method, proposed by Yao and Lin (YAO L, et. al. J Phys Chem A, 2007, 111(29): 6722-6729), which can evaluate anharmonic effects on the rate constants based on the transition state theory. In treating the anharmonic effect with the Morse oscillator potential on unimolecular reactions under collision-free conditions by using the RRKM (Rice-Ramsperger-Kassel-Marcus) theory, the in-verse Laplace transformation of the partition functions was used to obtain the total amount of state and density of state by using the first-order and the second-order approximations of the saddle-point method. To demonstrate the anharmonic effect of the SBF Morse model, we choose some model systems and a real reaction as examples. 相似文献
859.
Six different anionic species (fluoride, chloride, bromide, iodide, nitrate, and acetate) are tested for their abilities to form anionic adducts with neutral oligosaccharides that are detectable by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. Fluoride and acetate cannot form anionic adducts with the oligosaccharides in significant yields. However, bromide, iodide, and nitrate anionic adducts consistently appear in higher abundances relative to [M - H](-), just like the highly stable chloride adducts. Post-source decay (PSD) decompositions of Br(-), I(-), and NO(3)(-) adducts of oligosaccharides provide no structural information, i.e., they yield the respective anions as the main product ions. However, determination of linkage types is achieved by analysis of structurally-informative diagnostic peaks offered by negative ion PSD spectra of chloride adducts of oligosaccharides, whereas the relative peak intensities of pairs of diagnostic fragment ions allow differentiation of anomeric configurations of glycosidic bonds. Thus, simultaneous identification of the linkage types and anomeric configurations of glycosidic bonds is achieved. Our data indicate that negative ion PSD fragmentation patterns of chloride adducts of oligosaccharides are mainly determined by the linkage types. Correlation may exist between the linkage positions and fragmentation mechanisms and/or steric requirements for both cross-ring and glycosidic bond fragmentations. PSD of the chloride adducts of saccharides containing a terminal Glcalpha1-2Fru linkage also yields chlorine-containing fragment ions which appear to be specifically diagnostic for a fructose linked at the 2-position on the reducing end. This also allows differentiation from saccharides with a 1-1 linked pyranose on the same position. 相似文献
860.
Huang TY Kharlamova A Liu J McLuckey SA 《Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry》2008,19(12):1832-1840
The dissociation of model RNA anions has been studied as a function of anion charge state and excitation amplitude using ion
trap collisional activation. Similar to DNA anions, the precursor ion charge state of an RNA anion plays an important role
in directing the preferred dissociation channels. Generally, the complementary c/y-ions from 5′ P-O bond cleavage dominate
at low to intermediate charge states, while other backbone cleavages appear to a limited extent but increase in number and
relative abundance at higher excitation energies. The competition between base loss, either as a neutral or as an anion, as
well as the preference for the identity of the lost base are also observed to be charge-state dependent. To gain further insight
into the partitioning of the dissociation products among the various possible channels, model dinucleotide anions have been
subjected to a systematic study. In comparison to DNA, the 2′-OH group on RNA significantly facilitates the dissociation of
the 5′ P-O bond. However, the degree of excitation required for a 5′ base loss and the subsequent 3′ C-O bond cleavage are
similar for the analogous RNA and DNA dinucleotides. Data collected for protonated dinucleotides, however, suggest that the
2′-OH group in RNA can stabilize the glycosidic bond of a protonated base. Therefore, base loss from low charge state oligonucleotide
anions, in which protonation of one or more bases via intramolecular proton transfer can occur, may also be stabilized in
RNA anions relative to corresponding DNA anions. 相似文献