The aggregartion and catalytic activity of amphiphilic calix[4]resorcinolarenes and phenols in hydrolysis of phosphonous esters in water—dimethylformamide media

The amphiphilic calix[4]resorcinolarenes, aminomethylated calix[4]resorcinolarenes, o-aminomethylphenols, and their quaternary derivatives in water—dimethylformamide media (10—75 vol.% DMF) form aggregates, which catalyze the hydrolysis of phosphonous esters. The ability to self-association and the catalytic activity of the aggregates depend on the hydrophobicity of the amphiphilic compound, the pH of solution, and the content of DMF.     

Necessary conditions for an extremum for general functionals of calculus of variations with a nonsmooth integrand

Novosibirsk. Translated from Sibirskii Matematicheskii Zhurnal, Vol. 29, No. 5, pp. 191–197, September–October, 1988.     

Diffusional surface alloying of carbon steel

Research on the physicomechanical properties and structure of the strengthened layer obtained by diffusional alloying of carbon steel reveals the laws governing the surface-layer destruction of strengthened and unstrengthened steel in an abrasive and corrosional medium. Carbide layers obtained by multicomponent saturation are shown to have greater corrosion and wear resistance.Translated from Izvestiya Vysshikh Uchebnykh Zavedenii, Fizika, No. 3, pp. 109–114, March, 1996.     

The effect of a liquid crystal medium on the decomposition ofρ-nitrophenyl dimethylthiophosphate

The lamellar liquid crystal meso phase formed in the cetyltrimethylammonium bromide-1-hexanol-water system assists the reaction of p-nitrophenyl dimethyl thiophosphate with a charged nucleophile (hexanolate anion) and uncharged nucleophile (ethylenediamine) with the loss of the p-nitrophenylmethylthiophosphate anion, i.e., the reaction at the carbon atom and not at the phosphorus atom.Translated from Izvestiya Akademii Nauk SSSR, Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 5, pp. 1165–1167, May, 1990.     

Intramolecular hydrogen bonding in the o-(aminomethyl) phenols

Conclusions The strength of intramolecular hydrogen bonding in the o-(aminomethyl)phenols varies by some 5 kcal/mole, depending on the substituent at the nitrogen atom and in the benzene ring. Steric effects from the substituent determine the bonding strength.Translated from Izvestiya Akademii Nauk SSSR, Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 2, pp. 331–334, February, 1977.     

The laws of dispersion in crystals with hexagonal symmetry

Possible laws of dispersion are obtained in a quadratic approximation for crystals with hexagonal symmetry.     

Energy spectra of electrons in crystals part 6. Associated corepresentations

A study is reported for the conditions under which time reversal for associated weighted representations lead to associated weighted corepresentations.     

Synthesis of 3-thienyl-substituted isothiazolines-2 and 1,2,4-thiadiazoles based on nitrile sulfides of the thiophene series

The reaction of substituted - and -thienylcarboxamides with chlorocarbonylsulfenyl chloride gave 5-thienylsubstituted 1,3,4-oxathiazol-2-ones. Decarboxylation of the latter by heating in o-dichlorobenzene generated in situ - and -thienylnitrile sulfides, which in the presence of dipolarophiles [dimethyl fumarate, N-phenylmaleinimide, chloro(trichloro)acetonitrile] give the corresponding 3-thienyl-substituted ²-isothiazolines and 5-chloromethyl(trichloromethyl)-1,2,4-thiadiazoles.N. D. Zelinskii Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117913 Moscow. Translated from Izvestiya Akademii Nauk, Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 8, pp. 1892–1897, August, 1992.