A result about a selection problem of Michael

It is shown that a continuum that is an space in the sense of Michael must be hereditarily decomposable. This improves known results, thereby providing more evidence that such continua must be dendrites.

     

High energy neutrino astronomy: first light

We review:

1. The compelling case for doing neutrino astronomy,

2. Why we anticipate that we need kilometer-scale observatories to do the science,

3. The recent successful commissioning of the Lake Baikal and South Pole neutrino detectors.

Bases for Cooperations in K-Theory

Gaussian polynomials are used to define bases with good multiplicative properties for the algebra K _*(K) of cooperations in K-theory and for the invariants under conjugation.     

Morita Equivalence of Sketches

Equivalence of sketches S and T means the equivalence of their categories Mod_S and Mod_T of all Set-valued models. E. Vitale and the second author have characterized equivalence of limit-sketches by means of bimodels, where a bimodel for limit sketches S and T is a model of S in the category Mod_T. For general sketches, we show that an analogous result holds provided that Mod_T is substituted by a more complex category; e.g., in case of limit-coproduct sketches, that category is (Mod_T), the free product completion of Mod_T.     

Hamiltonians for the Quantum Hall Effect on Spaces with Non-Constant Metrics

The problem of studying the quantum Hall effect on manifolds with non constant metric is addressed. The Hamiltonian on a space with hyperbolic metric is determined, and the spectrum and eigenfunctions are calculated in closed form. The hyperbolic disk is also considered and some other applications of this approach are discussed as well. PACS numbers: 73.43.-f, 02.30.Jr.     

Energy transfer (EnT) photocatalysis enabled by gold-N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) complexes

We present the use of gold sensitizers [Au(SIPr)(Cbz)] (PhotAu 1) and [Au(IPr)(Cbz)] (PhotAu 2) as attractive alternatives to state-of-the-art iridium-based systems. These novel photocatalysts are deployed in [2 + 2] cycloadditions of diallyl ethers and N-tosylamides. The reactions proceed in short reaction times and in environmentally friendly solvents. [Au(SIPr)Cbz] and [Au(IPr)(Cbz)] have higher triplet energy (E_T) values (66.6 and 66.3 kcal mol⁻¹, respectively) compared to commonly used iridium photosensitizers. These E_T values permit the use of these gold complexes as sensitizers enabling energy transfer catalysis involving unprotected indole derivatives, a substrate class previously inaccessible with state-of-the-art Ir photocatalysts. The photosynthesis of unprotected tetracyclic spiroindolines via intramolecular [2 + 2] cycloaddition using our simple mononuclear gold sensitizer is readily achieved. Mechanistic studies support the involvement of triplet–triplet energy transfer (TTEnT) for both [2 + 2] photocycloadditions.

We present the use of gold sensitizers [Au(SIPr)(Cbz)] (PhotAu 1) and [Au(IPr)(Cbz)] (PhotAu 2) as attractive alternatives to state-of-the-art iridium-based systems.     

Hydrothermal synthesis, structure and thermal stability of diamine templated layered uranyl-vanadates

Six new layered uranyl vanadates (NH₄)₂[(UO₂)₂V₂O₈] (1), (H₂EN)[(UO₂)₂V₂O₈] (2), (H₂DAP)[(UO₂)₂V₂O₈] (3), (H₂PIP)[(UO₂)₂(VO₄)₂].0,8H₂O (4), (H₂DMPIP)[(UO₂)₂V₂O₈] (5), (H₂DABCO)[(UO₂)₂(VO₄)₂] (6) were prepared from mild-hydrothermal reactions using 1,2-ethylenediamine (EN); 1,3-diaminopropane (DAP); piperazine (PIP); 1-methylpiperazine (MPIP); 1,4-diazabicyclo[2,2,2]octane (DABCO). The structures of 1, 4, 5 and 6 were solved using single-crystal X-ray diffraction data while the structural models of 2 and 3 were established from powder X-ray diffraction data. In compounds 1, 2, 3 and 5, the uranyl-vanadate layers are built from dimers of edge-shared UO₇ pentagonal bipyramids and dimers of edge-shared VO₅ square pyramids further connected through edge-sharing. In 1 and 3, the layers are identical to that occurring in the carnotite group of uranyl-vanadates. In 2 and 5, the V₂O₈ dimers differ in orientation leading to a new type of layer. The layers of compound 4 and 6 are built from chains of edge-shared UO₇ pentagonal bipyramids connected by VO₄ tetrahedra and are of uranophane-type anion topology. For the six compounds, the ammonium or organoammonium cation resides in the space between the inorganic layers. Crystallographic data: 1 monoclinic, space group P2₁/c with a=6.894(2), b=8.384(3), c=10.473(4) Å and β=106.066(5)°, 2 monoclinic, space group P2₁/a with a=13.9816(6), b=8.6165(3), c=10.4237(3) Å and γ=93.125(3)°, 3 orthorhombic, space group Pmcn with a=14.7363(8), b=8.6379(4) and c=10.4385(4) Å, 4 monoclinic, space group C2/m with a=15.619(2), b=7.1802(8), c=6.9157(8) Å and β=101.500(2)°, 5 monoclinic, space group P2₁/b with a=9.315(2), b=8.617(2), c=10.5246(2) Å and γ=114.776(2)°, 6 monoclinic, space group C2/m with a=17.440(2), b=7.1904(9), c=6.8990(8) Å and β=98.196(2)°.     

Synthesis of gold nanorod/single-wall carbon nanotube heterojunctions directly on surfaces

This contribution describes the synthesis of gold nanorod (Au NR)/single-wall carbon nanotube (SWCNT) heterojunctions assembled directly on Si/SiOx substrates. SWCNTs are attached to amine-functionalized Si/SiOx substrates, and Au monolayer-protected clusters (MPCs) are adsorbed to the surface of SWCNTs through hydrophobic interactions. Seed-mediated reduction of HAuCl4 with ascorbic acid in the presence of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) onto the Au MPCs leads to the growth of larger Au nanostructures directly on the SWCNTs. Au NRs account for 19% of the nanostructures, some of which are attached directly to the sidewall and some at the ends of the SWCNTs. Raman spectroscopic measurements of SWCNTs before and after growth of the Au nanostructures reveal that the presence of Au leads to an approximately 50-fold enhancement of the Raman scattering signal. Combining 1D nanostructures of different materials (Au and carbon in this example) is of fundamental interest and may find use in nanoelectronics, chemical sensing, electrochemical, and spectroscopy applications.     

碱性金属修饰金属有机骨架材料MOF-5吸附位点及其常态下分离二氧化碳/甲烷的应用

利用“一步法”合成并表征了4种碱性金属修饰的金属有机骨架材料MOF-5(记作M-MOF-5,M=Li,Na,K,Mg)。 并应用理想溶液吸附理论(IAST)对样品吸附选择性进行计算比较。 结果表明,碱性金属掺入可以降低MOF-5材料骨架结构的“互穿”程度,同时,在常温常压下,M-MOF-5对CO₂/CH₄的吸附选择性相对MOF-5(选择性为3.79)有着显著提高,尤其是Li-MOF-5(选择性为7.39)。 此外,Li-MOF-5的CO₂捕获能力相对MOF-5也有提高。