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11.
Problem-structuring techniques are an integral aspect of ‘Soft-OR’. SSM, SAST, Strategic Choice, and JOURNEY Making, all depend for their success on a group developing a shared view of a problem through some form of explicit modelling. The negotiated problem structure becomes the basis for problem resolution. Implicit to this process is an assumption that members of the group share and build their knowledge about the problem domain. This paper explores the extent to which this assumption is reasonable. The research is based on detailed records from the use of JOURNEY Making, where it has used special purpose Group Support software to aid the group problem structuring. This software continuously tracks the contributions of each member of the group and thus the extent to which they appear to be ‘connecting’ and augmenting their own knowledge with that of other members of the group. Software records of problem resolution in real organisational settings are used to explore the sharing of knowledge among senior managers. These explorations suggest a typology of knowledge sharing. The implications of this typology for problem structuring and an agenda for future research are considered. 相似文献
12.
François Loiseau Jean-Mary Simone David Carcache Pavel Bobal Reinhard Neier 《Monatshefte für Chemie / Chemical Monthly》2007,138(2):121-129
Summary. Free radical couplings from furan, as cheap starting material, were studied in view of developing a rapid strategy en route to the synthesis of derivatives of nonactin. The chain containing the alcohol function was introduced in one or two steps
in 86% yield. For the introduction of the second chain with the ester function two different coupling methods were tested.
Starting from the advanced intermediates obtained nonactin derivatives can be prepared by catalytic hydrogenation of the furan
ring. 相似文献
13.
A palladium‐TPPTS catalyst heterogenized on KF/alumina has been shown to be effective and recyclable for the selective formation of monooctadienylxylopyranosides via the telomerization of butadiene with D ‐xylose. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
14.
François Métayer 《Archive for Mathematical Logic》1994,33(3):169-188
This work defines homology groups for proof-structures in multiplicative linear logic (see [Gir1], [Gir2], [Dan]). We will show that these groups characterize proof-nets among arbitrary proof-structures, thus obtaining a new correctness criterion and of course a new polynomial algorithm for testing correctness. This homology also bears information on sequentialization. An unexpected geometrical interpretation of the linear connectives is given in the last section. This paper exclusively focuses onabstract proof-structures, i.e. paired-graphs. The relation with actual proofs is investigated in [Gir1], [Gir2], [Dan], [Ret] and [Tro]. 相似文献
15.
François Bolley Arnaud Guillin Cédric Villani 《Probability Theory and Related Fields》2007,137(3-4):541-593
We establish quantitative concentration estimates for the empirical measure of many independent variables, in transportation
distances. As an application, we provide some error bounds for particle simulations in a model mean field problem. The tools
include coupling arguments, as well as regularity and moment estimates for solutions of certain diffusive partial differential
equations. 相似文献
16.
17.
Wilhelm Ackermann 《Mathematische Annalen》1928,100(1):638-649
Ohne Zusammenfassung 相似文献
18.
We consider a class of problems originating from a Raman laser amplification model, for which the equations can be written as a Poisson system with boundary conditions. Once reformulated, this system becomes an integro-differential equation that we study here in some detail. In particular, we show the existence of a smooth solution under general assumptions, and prove its uniqueness for boundary values that are not too far apart. Eventually, we completely solve the question of uniqueness for systems of dimensions one and two. To cite this article: F. Castella et al., C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris, Ser. I 336 (2003). 相似文献
19.
20.
Jean-Pierre Françoise 《Journal of Dynamics and Differential Equations》2008,20(4):777-786
This article is devoted to one-dimensional perturbative theory on R × S
1. There is a recursive formula for the successive obstructions to parametric center at any order of the perturbation parameter.
The first obstruction is studied by means of complex analysis techniques. This extends to the trigonometric case what was
done previously for the polynomial case (Israel J. Math. 142, 273–283, 2004).
This article is dedicated to Professor Zhang Zhi-Fen on the occasion of her 80th Birthday 相似文献