全文获取类型
收费全文 | 401篇 |
免费 | 13篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 313篇 |
晶体学 | 4篇 |
力学 | 6篇 |
数学 | 48篇 |
物理学 | 43篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 6篇 |
2022年 | 18篇 |
2021年 | 21篇 |
2020年 | 14篇 |
2019年 | 14篇 |
2018年 | 7篇 |
2017年 | 8篇 |
2016年 | 24篇 |
2015年 | 14篇 |
2014年 | 12篇 |
2013年 | 20篇 |
2012年 | 39篇 |
2011年 | 34篇 |
2010年 | 17篇 |
2009年 | 26篇 |
2008年 | 35篇 |
2007年 | 24篇 |
2006年 | 15篇 |
2005年 | 13篇 |
2004年 | 15篇 |
2003年 | 7篇 |
2002年 | 5篇 |
2000年 | 4篇 |
1999年 | 2篇 |
1997年 | 3篇 |
1996年 | 1篇 |
1994年 | 4篇 |
1992年 | 3篇 |
1991年 | 1篇 |
1990年 | 1篇 |
1988年 | 1篇 |
1986年 | 1篇 |
1985年 | 2篇 |
1983年 | 2篇 |
1979年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有414条查询结果,搜索用时 484 毫秒
31.
Alexandre Plastino Hugo Barbalho Luis Filipe M. Santos Richard Fuchshuber Simone L. Martins 《Journal of Heuristics》2014,20(1):39-74
Metaheuristics represent an important class of techniques to solve, approximately, hard combinatorial optimization problems for which the use of exact methods is impractical. Some researches have been combining machine learning techniques with metaheuristics to adaptively guide and improve the search for near optimal solutions. An example of such development is the DM-GRASP, a hybrid version of the Greedy Randomized Adaptative Search Procedures (GRASP) metaheuristic which incorporates a data mining process. In this hybrid proposal, after executing half of the total number of iterations, the data mining process extracts patterns from an elite set of sub-optimal solutions for the optimization problem. These patterns present characteristics of near optimal solutions and can be used to guide the following half GRASP iterations in the search through the solution space. In this work, we explore new versions of the DM-GRASP metaheuristic to experiment, not a single activation, but multiple and adaptive executions of the data mining process during the metaheuristic execution. We also applied the data mining technique into a reactive GRASP to show that a more sophisticated and not memoryless GRASP approach can also benefit from the use of this technique. In order to evaluate these new proposals, we adopted the server replication for reliable multicast problem since the best known results for this problem were obtained by GRASP and DM-GRASP implementations. The computational experiments, comparing traditional GRASP, DM-GRASP, and the new proposals, showed that multiple and adaptive executions of the data mining process can improve the results obtained by the DM-GRASP hybrid metaheuristic—the new proposals were able to find better results in less computational time for the reliable multicast problem. 相似文献
32.
33.
Mónica S. Estevão Filipe J.S. Duarte Eduarda Fernandes A. Gil Santos M. Manuel B. Marques 《Tetrahedron letters》2012,53(16):2132-2136
Several trifluoromethylated compounds were reacted with indole sodium salt, leading to monofluorinated compounds. The unexpected products formation was rationalized by DFT calculations. 相似文献
34.
Costa M Areias F Castro M Brea J Loza MI Proença F 《Organic & biomolecular chemistry》2011,9(11):4242-4249
A one-pot procedure was developed for the synthesis of novel 3-[amino(methoxy)methylene]-2-oxo-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-4-yl)-3-cyanoacetamides and chromeno[3,4-c]pyridine-1-carbonitriles from the reaction of 2-oxo-2H-chromene-3-carbonitriles and cyanoacetamides. These chromene derivatives were identified as new scaffolds for adenosine receptors and the hits 3a, 3c, 5a, and 5b were found. 相似文献
35.
36.
Filipe J. Marques M. Theodor Loots Andriëtte Bekker 《Mathematical Methods in the Applied Sciences》2019,42(17):5718-5735
Series representations for several density functions are obtained as mixtures of generalized gamma distributions with discrete mass probability weights, by using the exponential expansion and the binomial theorem. Based on these results, approximations based on mixtures of generalized gamma distributions are proposed to approximate the distribution of the sum of independent random variables, which may not be identically distributed. The applicability of the proposed approximations are illustrated for the sum of independent Rayleigh random variables, the sum of independent gamma random variables, and the sum of independent Weibull random variables. Numerical studies are presented to assess the precision of these approximations. 相似文献
37.
Irene Brito M. F. A. da Silva Filipe C. Mena N. O. Santos 《General Relativity and Gravitation》2013,45(2):519-530
We investigate the matching, across cylindrical surfaces, of static cylindrically symmetric conformally flat spacetimes with a cosmological constant $\Lambda $ , satisfying regularity conditions at the axis, to an exterior Linet–Tian spacetime. We prove that for $\Lambda \le 0$ such matching is impossible. On the other hand, we show through simple examples that the matching is possible for $\Lambda >0$ . We suggest a physical argument that might explain these results. 相似文献
38.
Filipe Oliveira 《Applicable analysis》2013,92(12):1287-1302
A steady longitudinal current in the nearshore can, in some conditions, support oscillations known as vorticity waves or shear waves. In this article, we consider a family of nonlinear evolution equations derived by Shrira and Voronovitch to describe the dynamics of vorticity waves near the coastal line and make the study of the dispersion and smoothing properties of the associated nonlocal free problems. More precisely, after establishing long and short time uniform estimates for a certain class of oscillatory integrals, we derive “L p ?L q ” and Strichartz-type estimates for the solutions of the linearized equations. 相似文献
39.
Marta Lima Rita Teixeira-Santos Luciana C. Gomes Sara I. Faria Jesus Valcarcel Jos Antonio Vzquez Miguel A. Cerqueira Lorenzo Pastrana Ana I. Bourbon Filipe J. Mergulho 《Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)》2021,26(14)
Implantable medical devices (IMDs) are susceptible to microbial adhesion and biofilm formation, which lead to several clinical complications, including the occurrence of implant-associated infections. Polylactic acid (PLA) and its composites are currently used for the construction of IMDs. In addition, chitosan (CS) is a natural polymer that has been widely used in the medical field due to its antimicrobial and antibiofilm properties, which can be dependent on molecular weight (Mw). The present study aims to evaluate the performance of CS-based surfaces of different Mw to inhibit bacterial biofilm formation. For this purpose, CS-based surfaces were produced by dip-coating and the presence of CS and its derivatives onto PLA films, as well surface homogeneity were confirmed by contact angle measurements, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The antimicrobial activity of the functionalized surfaces was evaluated against single- and dual-species biofilms of Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Chitosan-based surfaces were able to inhibit the development of single- and dual-species biofilms by reducing the number of total, viable, culturable, and viable but nonculturable cells up to 79%, 90%, 81%, and 96%, respectively, being their activity dependent on chitosan Mw. The effect of CS-based surfaces on the inhibition of biofilm formation was corroborated by biofilm structure analysis using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM), which revealed a decrease in the biovolume and thickness of the biofilm formed on CS-based surfaces compared to PLA. Overall, these results support the potential of low Mw CS for coating polymeric devices such as IMDs where the two bacteria tested are common colonizers and reduce their biofilm formation. 相似文献
40.
Exposure risk assessment of uranium intake of the milk products from the region of Pernambuco,Brazil
dos Santos Amaral Romilton dos Santos Júnior José Araújo da Silva Aquino Fabiana de Albuquerque Amaral Bruno Fernández Zahily Herrero Bezerra Mariana Brayner Cavalcanti Freire da Silva Arykerne Nascimento Casado dos Santos Djalma Cordeiro do Nascimento Santos Josineide Marques da Silva Alberto Antônio de Barros Correia Filipe Lopes 《Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry》2019,319(3):927-935
Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry - Haloperidol (HP) is a dopamine blocking agent. HP was radiolabeled with 125I using direct electrophilic substitution. Different HP formulations... 相似文献