COPOLYMERS OF 2-ACRYLAMIDO-2-METHYL-1-PROPANESULFONIC ACID/MALEIC ACID： SYNTHESIS, CHARACTERIZATION AND ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY

2-Acrylamido-2-methy1-1-propanesulfonic acid(AMPS),and maleic acid(MA)copolymerized with different feed ratios using N,N-dimethylformamide as a solvent and benzoyl peroxide(Bz_2O_2)as an initiator at 70℃.Structure and composition of copolymers for a wide range of monomer feed were determined by elemental analysis(content of N for AMPS-units).Monomer reactivity ratios for AMPS(M_1)-MA(M_2)pair were determined by the application of conventional linearization methods such as Fineman-Ross(F-R),Kelen-Tüd(?)s(KT)and Extended Kelen-Tüds(EKT)and a nonlinear error invariable model method using a computer program RREVM.The characterizations were done by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR),differential scanning calorimetry(DSC)thermal gravimetry analysis(TGA),and and X-ray diffraction.The antimicrobial effects of polymers were also tested on various bacteria,and yeast.     

A tetra-coordinate nickel(II) complex as neutral carrier for nitrate-selective PVC membrane electrode

The potentiometric response properties and applications of a tetra-coordinate nickel(II) complex with relatively high selectivity toward nitrate ion are described. The nickel(II) complex of 5,7,12,14-tetramethyl-1,4,8,11-tetraazacyclotetradeca-4,6,11,13-tetraene was used as a neutral carrier into plasticized poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) membrane. The influence of several variables was investigated in order to optimize the potentiometric response and selectivity of the electrode. The resulting membrane electrode incorporating 31.0% PVC, 61.0% dioctyl phthalate (DOP) as plasticizer, 3% methyltrioctylammonium chloride (MTOAC) as a cationic additive and 5% carrier (all w/w) demonstrates a Nernstian response slope of −59.6 mV per decade over the concentration range of 5×10⁻⁶-1×10⁻¹ M NO₃⁻. The electrode exhibits a fast response time (≤10 s), a detection limit of 2.5×10⁻⁶ M, and can be used over a wide pH range of 4-12. The electrode shows improved selectivity in comparison to most of the previously reported nitrate-selective electrodes. It was successfully applied to the determination of nitrate ion in natural water samples.     

Effects of

Effects of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTABr) micelles on second-order rate constants (k(n)(obs)) for nucleophilic reactions of amines (piperidine and n-butylamine) with ionized phenyl salicylate (PS(-)) reveal a nonlinear decrease with the increase in [D(n)] (where [D(n)] = [CTABr](T) - cmc) at a constant [NaBr] and 35 degrees C. The observed data, at a constant [NaBr], fit reasonably well to a pseudophase model of micelles, and such a data fit gives kinetic parameters such as CTABr micellar binding canstant (K(S)) of PS(-). The effect of [NaBr] upon K(S) is explained with the empirical relationship K(S) = K(S)(0)/(1 + psi[NaBr]), where psi is an empirical parameter.     

The unusual cyclic products from tetra- and penta-peptides of α-methylalanine

Tetra- and pentapeptides of α-methylalanine give with PCl₅, SOCl₂ etc. intermediates which, with or without loss of amino adds, lead to bi- and tricyclic products containing imidazole and piperazine rings through different routes.     

Chemische Vitamin D3-Bestimmung in Lebertran

The different aspects of Vitamin D₃ determination and the data reported in the literature are discussed. The spectrophotometric determination of Vitamin D₃ in cod-liver oil is carried out after the alkaline saponification, extraction of unsaponified parts, precipitation of accompanying sterols and the column- and thin-layer chromatographic purification and separation of vitamin D₃ on 40 cm plates from other vitamins. The dyestuff α-naphtholbenzein is suited well as standard substance for the better location and identification of vitamin D₃ zone on the thin-layer plate. The results obtained from the chemical method were checked through the simultaneous biological determination.     

trans‐Diaquabis(3‐hydroxybenzoato‐κO1)bis(nicotinamide‐κN1)copper(II)

The title compound, [Cu(C₇H₅O₃)₂(C₆H₆N₂O)₂(H₂O)₂], is a two‐dimensional hydrogen‐bonded supramolecular complex. The Cu^II ion resides on a centre of symmetry and is in an octahedral coordination environment comprising two pyridine N atoms, two carboxylate O atoms and two O atoms from water molecules. Intermolecular N—H...O and O—H...O hydrogen bonds produce R₂²(4), R₂²(8) and R₂²(15) rings which lead to one‐dimensional polymeric chains. An extensive two‐dimensional network of N—H...O and O—H...O hydrogen bonds and C—H...π interactions are responsible for crystal stabilization.     

Synthesis and characterization of platinum(II) and (IV) complexes containing hexamethyleneimine ligand: crystal structure of [Pt(hexamethyleneimine)2(cyclobutanedicarboxylato)]·H2O

A series of new platinum(II) and platinum(IV) complexes of the type [Pt^II(HMI)₂X] (where HMI=hexamethyleneimine, X=dichloro, sulfato, 1,1-cyclobutanedicarboxylato [CBDCA], oxalato, methylmalonato, or tatronato) and [Pt^IV(HMI)₂Y₂Cl₂] (where Y=hydroxo, acetato, or chloro) were synthesized and characterized by infrared (IR) spectroscopy, ¹³C and ¹⁹⁵Pt nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and elemental analysis. Among the complexes synthesized, [Pt^II(hexamethyleneimine)₂(1,1-cyclobutanedicarboxylato)]·H₂O was examined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The slightly distorted square planar coordination environment of the platinum metal includes the amino group of the hexamethyleneimine (HMI) molecule and the oxygen atoms of the carboxylato ligand. The cyclobutanedicarboxylic acid (CBDCA) molecule adopts six-member chelating rings with platinum. Hydrogen bonding plays an important part in holding the crystal lattice together.     

Unsteady incompressible flow of magnetized aluminium oxide and titanium oxide nanoparticles with blood base fluid

In this investigation, a mixed convective nanoparticles fluid flow over an inclined plate is deliberated. The effects of slip boundary wall and magnetic field are also considered. The dimensionless governing system for the considered problem is attained by implementing recent definitions of fractional derivatives (FD). The generalized solution is obtained through the Laplace Transformation Scheme (LTS) for the momentum and thermal expressions. To improve the novelty and to demonstrate some more physical perception of the stated research work, some remarkable special cases of velocity distribution through CF and AB-fractional derivative concept are addressed, whose daily life implication is well known in the existing literature. Moreover, to evaluate the physical interest of the stated problem, the outcomes of the obtained system graphical illustrations are made by utilizing MATHEMATICA. As a result, we concluded that the aluminium oxide $A{l}_2{O}_3$ nanoparticles show more decaying behavior as compared to titanium oxide $Ti{O}_2$ nanoparticles for temperature and velocity profile. Furthermore, both fields i.e., momentum and thermal distributions are increased with the help of rising estimations parameter. Current results report novel applications in enhancement of heat transfer, thermal engineering, chemical processes, engineering and electronics devices, solar systems, extrusion processes, fission reactions etc.     

INVESTIGATION OF THE ALLOMERIZATION REACTION OF CHLOROPHYLL a: USE OF DIODE ARRAY HPLC, MASS SPECTROMETRY AND CHEMOMETRIC FACTOR ANALYSIS FOR THE DETECTION OF EARLY PRODUCTS

Abstract –The products of chlorophyll allomerization in methanol were isolated and analyzed by open column sucrose chromatography, liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LCMS) and DAD-HPLC (diode-array high-performance liquid chromatography). Four main bands were found with molecular ions of (a) 908, (b) 938, (c) 938 and (d) 938, consistent with the structures (a) 13²-hydroxy-chlorophyll a (II), (b) and (c) Mg(II)-3¹,3²-didehydro-15¹-hydroxy-15¹-methoxy-rhodochlorin-15 acetic acid δ-lactone 15²-methyl 17³-phytyl ester and its epimer (III) and (d) Mg(II)-3¹,3²-didehydro-rhodochlorin-15-glyoxylic acid 13¹,15²-dimethyl 17³-phytyl ester (IV), evidence enhanced by UV/visible spectroscopy, chromatographic coelutions and chemometrics. Chlorophyll a was degraded both in the dark and light, under O₂ and N². DAD-HPLC of the resultant degradation mixtures were analyzed using the chemometric heuristic-evolving latent projection method for resolution. Ultraviolet/visible spectra of II and III are reproducibly extracted from the mixtures after a short degradation time, whereas III and IV are the dominant compounds after longer degradation times. Changes in relative elution order of IV using open column chromatography and reverse-phase HPLC are established. A possible allomerization pathway is proposed.     

Zinc(II) and Cadmium(II) Complexes of the 3‐(2‐Pyridyl)‐5,6‐diphenyl‐1,2,4‐triazine (PDPT) Ligand,Structural Studies of [Zn(PDPT)2Cl(ClO4)] and [Cd(PDPT)2(NO3)(ClO4)]

Two new mixed‐anion zinc(II) and cadmium(II) complexes of 3‐(2‐pyridyl)‐5,6‐diphenyl‐1,2,4‐triazine (PDPT) ligand, [Zn(PDPT)₂Cl(ClO₄)] and [Cd(PDPT)₂(NO₃)(ClO₄)], have been synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, IR‐ and ¹H NMR spectroscopy. The single crystal X‐ray analyses show that the coordination number in these complexes is six with four N‐donor atoms from two “PDPT” ligand and two of the anionic ligands, ZnN₄ClO_perchlorate, CdN₄O_nitrateO_perchlorate. Self‐assembly of these compounds in the solid state via π–π‐stacking interactions is discussed.