Nonlinear dynamical wave structures of Zoomeron equation for population models

The nonlinear dynamical exact wave solutions to the non-fractional order and the time-fractional order of the biological population models are achieved for the first time in the framwork of the Paul-Painlevé approach method (PPAM). When the variables appearing in the exact solutions take specific values, the solitary wave solutions will be easily obtained. The realized results prove the efficiency of this technique.     

Synthesis and retrostructural analysis of libraries of AB3 and constitutional isomeric AB2 phenylpropyl ether-based supramolecular dendrimers

We report the synthesis of methyl esters of 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propionic, 3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)propionic, 3-(3,5-dihydroxyphenyl)propionic, and 3-(3,4,5-trihydroxyphenyl)propionic acids and their use in a convergent iterative strategy to prepare up to four generations of three libraries, one of 3,4,5- and two of constitutional isomeric 3,4- and 3,5-substituted 3-phenylpropyl dendrons. Each library contains 3-[3,4,5-tris(dodecyl-1-oxy)phenyl]propyl-, 3-[3,4-bis(dodecyl-1-oxy)phenyl]propyl-, 3-{3,4-bis[3-(4-dodecyl-1-oxyphenyl)propyl-1-oxy]phenyl}propyl-, and 3-{3,4,5-tris[3-(4-dodecyl-1-oxyphenyl)propyl-1-oxy]phenyl}propyl ether first-generation dendrons on their periphery and -CO2CH3, -COOH, and -CH2OH groups at their apex. Regardless of their generation number and their periphery, internal, and apex structures, these dendrons self-assemble into supramolecular dendrimers that self-organize into all periodic and quasi-periodic assemblies encountered previously and in several unencountered with architecturally related benzyl ether-based supramolecular dendrimers. A variety of porous columnar lattices that were previously obtained only from dendritic dipeptides and hollow supramolecular spheres were also discovered from these building blocks. The more flexible and less compact 3-phenylpropyl ether repeat units are stable under acidic conditions, facilitate a simpler synthetic strategy, provide faster dynamics of self-assembly into higher-order supramolecular structures of larger dimensions, exhibit lower transition temperatures than the corresponding benzyl ether homologues, and demonstrate the generality of the self-assembly concept based on amphiphilic dendrons.     

Influence of Medial and Adventitial Layer on Arterial Adaptation

Material properties in general and layer-specific stiffness in particular are critical factors to predict the initiation and growth of aneurysms. Previous experimental studies show vastly differing material stiffness and metabolic activity in the media and the adventitia. In this paper a phenomenological model using FEM is applied in order to predict the adaptive response of the arterial wall in different mechanical and metabolic cases. (© 2010 Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

A new convergence proof of the Adomian decomposition method for a mixed hyperbolic elliptic system of conservation laws

In this paper, we propose a new convergence proof of the Adomian’s decomposition method (ADM), applied to the generalized nonlinear system of partial differential equations (PDE’s) based on new formula for Adomian polynomials. The decomposition scheme obtained from the ADM yields an analytical solution in the form of a rapidly convergent series for a system of conservation laws. Systems of conservation laws is presented, we obtain the stability of the approximate solution when the system changes type. We show with an explicit example that the latter property is true for general Cauchy problem satisfying convergence hypothesis. The results indicate that the ADM is effective and promising.     

Projective synchronization for coupled partially linear complex‐variable systems with known parameters

The passivity theory is used to achieve projective synchronization in coupled partially linear complex‐variable systems with known parameters. By using this theory, the control law is thus adopted to make state vectors asymptotically synchronized up to a desired scaling factor. This paper deals with sending different large messages which include image and voice signals. The theoretical foundation of the projective synchronization based on the passivity theory is exploited for application to secure communications. The numerical simulations of secure communication are used to send large message, an image and sound (voice) signal. The errors are controlled to zero that show the agreement between theoretical and numerical simulations results. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Broadening the Polyethylene Molecular Weight Distribution by Periodic Variation of the Hydrogen Feed Rate

The ability to control the molecular weight distribution of the created polyethylene in gas‐phase fluidized‐bed reactors is discussed. This objective is achieved via nonlinear model predictive controller utilizing the hydrogen feed rate as the only manipulated variable. The idea for limited usage of manipulated variables is to avoid economically unfavorable operations such as excessive purge and/or reduced production rate. The simulation results indicated successful implementation of the control algorithm to attain the desired molecular weight distribution. The success depends on the improved hydrogen activities inside the reactor by employing a modified catalyst that is responsive to hydrogen variation and allowing a wider range for hydrogen feed rates.

     

Numerical simulation of the continuous biomagnetic separation in a two-dimensional channel

Numerical simulation of magnetically mediated separation of labeled biospecies from a native fluid flowing through a two dimensional channel is presented. The transport of the magnetic biospecies is modeled by coupling the fluid flow with an Eulerian advection–convection concentration equation. A magnetic field is imposed in the separator that causes an accumulation of the magnetic labeled species in the vicinity of the higher magnetic field region. The accumulation of the magnetically labeled species in the highest magnetic field zone presents a scheme for the collection of these species from the heterogeneous samples under the simulation conditions. The axial magnetic forces, as resulted from a dipole-like magnetic field, is found to play a major role in the vortex formation and it complement the downward vertical force in confining the particles to a small region near the point with the highest magnetic strength. The interplay between the particle transfer mediated by magnetophoresis forces and that by normal diffusion is analyzed for high and low inertia flows. The present study predicts that the generated viscous shear stress levels in the interior region of the channel provide a safe transport mechanism for biological cells from the solution.