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81.
T. Tanyalçın François Eyskens Eddy Philips Marc Lefevere Benal Büyükgebiz 《Accreditation and quality assurance》2002,7(11):498-506
Health-associated reference values are universally needed in clinical chemistry. The aim of this study was to establish the
reference intervals of two populations from data obtained by the mass screening of newborn babies and to demonstrate how to
determine 95% confidence intervals around the lower and upper limits of reference values from values that are not normally
distributed. Biotinidase activities from Belgian (n=260) and Turkish (n=328) populations were measured by fluorometric assay
and expressed as 1 IU (1 nmol/(dl min). Neonatal thyroid-stimulating hormone (nTSH) values from Belgian (n=4186) and Turkish
(n=1663) populations were also measured by the solid phase two-site fluoroimmunometric assay, the results were given as μU/ml
blood. Transformation of data was performed for each parameter. A parametric method was used for determination of reference
values of biotinidase activity and the Belgian population was significantly higher than the Turkish population. nTSH reference
values were evaluated by an exact non-parametric method, but approximate calculation based on the central limit theorem was
also performed for confidence intervals around the reference limits. nTSH values of the Turkish population were found to be
significantly higher than for the Belgian population. Rank numbers were found by an exact non-parametric method based upon
the assumption of a binomial distribution. This study shows a procedure to define the rank numbers for n>1000 and to obtain
reference values with 95% confidence intervals for lower and upper reference limits.
Received: 20 July 2002 Accepted: 27 July 2002
Acknowledgements We are grateful to Professor Per Hyloft Peterson, Clinical Biochemist, Odense University Hospital, for his valuable advice
and criticism. Also we would like to thank John Pezzullo Associate Professor for Pharmacology and Biostatistics, at Georgetown
University Medical Center, for his binomial and approximate calculations. We also want to thank Professor Fatma Kutay, Clinical
Chemist, Ege University Medical School and Hospital, for her contributions. This investigation was supported in part by a
short term FEBS (Federation European Biochemical Society) fellowship grant.
Presented at the European Conference on Quality in the Spotlight in Medical Laboratories, 7–9 October 2001, Antwerp, Belgium
Correspondence to T. Tanyal?ın 相似文献
82.
83.
84.
Ito T Forman SM Cao C Li F Eddy CR Mastro MA Holm RT Henry RL Hohn KL Edgar JH 《Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids》2008,24(13):6630-6635
In this paper we describe the formation and characterization of self-assembled monolayers of octadecylphosphonic acid (ODPA) on epitaxial (0001) GaN films on sapphire. By immersing the substrate in its toluene solution, ODPA strongly adsorbed onto UV/O 3-treated GaN to give a hydrophobic surface. Spectroscopic ellipsometry verified the formation of a well-packed monolayer of ODPA on the GaN substrate. In contrast, adsorption of other primarily substituted hydrocarbons (C n H 2 n+1 X; n = 16-18; X = -COOH, -NH 2, -SH, and -OH) offered less hydrophobic surfaces, reflecting their weaker interaction with the GaN substrate surfaces. A UV/O 3-treated N-polar GaN had a high affinity to the -COOH group in addition to ODPA, possibly reflecting the basic properties of the surface. These observations suggested that the molecular adsorption was primarily based on hydrogen bond interactions between the surface oxide layer on the GaN substrate and the polar functional groups of the molecules. The as-prepared ODPA monolayers were desorbed from the GaN substrates by soaking in an aqueous solution, particularly in a basic solution. However, ODPA monolayers heated at 160 degrees C exhibited suppressed desorption in acidic and neutral aqueous solution maybe due to covalent bond formation between ODPA and the surface. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy provided insight into the effect of the UV/O 3 treatment on the surface composition of the GaN substrate and also the ODPA monolayer formation. These results demonstrate that the surface of a GaN substrate can be tailored with organic molecules having an alkylphosphonic acid moiety for future sensor and device applications. 相似文献
85.
NMR is a popular and mature technique used in fields as diverse as chemistry, biology, or material science. One reason for this versatility lies in its ability to correlate the nuclei that are present in one molecule to another. This provides the researcher with correlation maps allowing for studies of the molecules at an atomic level. Selective experiments allow isolation of one such correlation to focus on spins of interest. This leads to a savings in precious experimental time by reducing the dimension of the experiment, which in turn may enable one to record more elaborate experiments that would otherwise not be amenable within reasonable acquisition times. Here, we present an alternative method to selectively transfer magnetization using a single rf field. This technique, which we call single field polarization transfer, allows to obtain longitudinal two-spin order of two scalar-coupled spins when only one of them is irradiated. The method is easy to implement and does not depend on stringent conditions, such as Hartmann-Hahn matching for selective cross-polarization transfers or very long inversion pulses and identification of coupling satellites in selective population inversion experiments. 相似文献
86.
1,10-Phenanthroline (phen) and 1,10-phenanthroline-terminated ruthenium(II) complex [Ru-Lphen](2+) have been used to stabilize and functionalize gold nanoparticles (Au-NPs). The strong interaction between the nitrogen atoms of phen and the surface of Au-NPs allowed for the phase transfer of Au-NPs from toluene to aqueous phase containing [Ru-Lphen](2+). Reverse phase transfer of these Au-NPs from water to acetonitrile by substituting the Cl(-) counter anion by PF(-)(6) has also been demonstrated. Such facile post-functionalization, phase transfer and solvent transfer processes using metallic complexes bearing a terminal phenanthroline pendant group constitute a prerequisite for further studies of the electronic and optical properties of these NCs in various media. 相似文献
87.
Arylnaphthalene lignan lactones are valuable natural products with promising anticancer and antiviral properties. In an effort to simplify their synthesis, we investigated a one-pot multicomponent coupling reaction between phenylacetylene, carbon dioxide, and 3-bromo-1-phenyl-1-propyne. After the corresponding 1,6-diyne was generated in situ, cyclization afforded the desired product. The level of regioselectivity was enhanced through the tuning of electronic properties. The use of cinnamyl bromide which led to the formation of a 1,6-enyne intermediate was also studied. 相似文献
88.
Yann Sarazin Joseph A. Wright Duncan A.J. Harding Eddy Martin Timothy J. Woodman David L. Hughes Manfred Bochmann 《Journal of organometallic chemistry》2008,693(8-9):1494-1501
The synthesis of a series of binuclear zinc complexes with Cl, N and O bridges is reported. The reaction of EtZnCl with B(C6F5)3 in the presence of hexamethylbenzene affords the arene complex [Zn(μ-Cl)(C6F5)(η-C6Me6)]2 in which the C6Me6 ligand may be regarded as η3-bonded. The comproportionation of Zn[N(SiMe3)2]2 with ZnBut2 or Zn(C6F5)2 · toluene gave [ButZn{μ-N(SiMe3)2}]2 and [C6F5Zn{μ-N(SiMe3)2}]2, respectively, with three-coordinate zinc. The reaction of ZnEt2 with C6F5OH in the presence of pyridine gave [EtZn(μ-OC6F5)(py)]2, while ZnMe2 and C6F5OH followed by recrystallisation from THF gave [Zn(OC6F5)(μ-OC6F5)(THF)2]2 with five-coordinate zinc in a trigonal-bipyramidal geometry. The structures of these compounds have been determined. 相似文献
89.
The inhibition of the corrosion of mild steel in HCl by some cyclopentadiene‐1,3‐diene derivatives, namely, 1‐(thiophen‐2‐yl)ethanone (2APT), 1‐(1H‐pyrrol‐2‐yl)ethanone (2AP), and (E)‐2‐(1‐hydrazonoethyl)‐1H‐pyrrole (2APH)), was studied experimentally using weight loss and hydrogen gas evolution measurements. The theoretical aspect was studied using the density functional theory and quantitative structure activity relation (QSAR) methods. The results obtained indicated that the studied compounds are good inhibitors for the corrosion of mild steel in HCl. The adsorption of the inhibitor on mild steel surface was found to be spontaneous, exothermic, and obeyed the Langmuir adsorption isotherm model. A good correlation was found between experimental inhibition efficiencies and some calculated quantum chemical parameters and also with the theoretical inhibition efficiencies obtained from QSAR modeling. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2011 相似文献
90.
Nasr G Guerlin A Dumur F Beouch L Dumas E Clavier G Miomandre F Goubard F Gigmes D Bertin D Wantz G Mayer CR 《Chemical communications (Cambridge, England)》2011,47(38):10698-10700
Two iridium(III) soft salts based on ion-paired dinuclear cationic and mononuclear anionic complexes were designed and investigated as phosphorescent emitters for solution processed OLEDs. New dinuclear cationic complexes were prepared with two different bridging ligands, a carbazole and a phenylene spacer. Best devices were designed with the soft salt bearing a carbazole moiety. 相似文献