Facile one-pot preparation of 2-arylpropionic and arylacetic acids from cyanohydrins by treatment with aqueous HI

A novel one-pot two-step procedure has been developed to synthesize highly substituted 2-arylpropionic and arylacetic acids, by treatment with aqueous HI, from cyanohydrins. The hydrogenolytic reduction of α-hydroxy-2-arylpropionic acids was the key step of the process and the optimization of the reaction conditions led to identify aqueous HI as an appropriate and selective reagent for the reductive deoxygenation of cyanohydrins. The synthetic route described a general and efficient strategy for the preparation of large libraries of phenylacetic and phenylpropionic acids derivatives.     

Simplified procedures for the determination of fenoldopam and its metabolites in human plasma by high-performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection: comparison of manual and robotic sample preparation methods

Quantitative analytical methods, based on high-performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection, were developed for fenoldopam and its metabolites in human plasma. Two extraction methods, a liquid-liquid extraction method for fenoldopam and its methoxy metabolites and a liquid-solid extraction procedure for the sulfate and glucuronide conjugates of fenoldopam were developed. The extractions can either be performed manually or by robot. The limit of detection for fenoldopam, its sulfate and methoxy metabolites was 0.025, 2 and 0.5 ng/ml, respectively, at a signal to noise ratio of 4. The intra-assay and inter-assay coefficients of variation for both manual and robotic extraction procedures were comparable. These methods were suitably selective and sensitive for pharmacokinetic and metabolic studies of fenoldopam.     

Highly efficient synchronous amplification of a picosecond dye laser at a kHz repetition rate

A short pulse, high energy, high repetition rate dye amplifier with superior conversion efficiency is reported. The dye amplifier is composed of three single-pass dye cells, longitudinally pumped by a frequency doubled 1 kHz Nd: YLF regenerative amplifier. The dye amplifier yields 3.5 ps, 150 J pulses at 595 nm, corresponding to a 12% conversion efficiency. The ASE is 1% or less, and the transverse mode quality is near-Gaussian.In absentia from the Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA     

Quantile composite-based path modeling: algorithms,properties and applications

Advances in Data Analysis and Classification - Composite-based path modeling aims to study the relationships among a set of constructs, that is a representation of theoretical concepts. Such...     

A complement to potential theory in the Cosserat elasticity

In this paper, we investigate the internal second, third, and fourth boundary value problems of the three‐dimensional Cosserat elasticity by means of potential theory. The obtained integral representations differ from the classical ones. These results complete the ones related to the first BVP, which have recently been obtained by the authors. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Phase separation in semicrystalline blends of poly(phenylene sulfide) and poly(ethylene terephthalate). I. Preparation of poly(phenylene sulfide)-graft-poly(ethylene terephthalate) copolymers by ester interchange and characterization utilizing the model compound 2,4-bis(phenylthio benzoic acid)

Blends of carboxyl functionalized poly(phenylene sulfide) (PPS) and poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) were shown to undergo an ester interchange reaction during melt blending. Pendent carboxyl functionality randomly incorporated along the PPS chain reacts with the ester moiety of PET to form a graft copolymer. A model compound, 2,4-bis(phenylthio benzoic acid), has been synthesized to assist in defining the level of carboxyl functionality on the PPS chain. Evidence of the grafting reaction has been gathered from infrared spectroscopy, solubility measurements, and electron microscopy. When added to blends of PPS and PET homopolymers, the graft copolymer significantly reduces the average domain size of the dispersed phase across the entire composition range. This study describes the role that graft copolymers formed by ester interchange reactions can play in compatibilizing this immiscible blend system, with particular focus on the conditions leading to increased grafting efficiency. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci A: Polym Chem 37: 3473–3485, 1999