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11.
Stilling basin with a negative step is an important structure in hydraulic systems, because it can avoid atomization and decrease scouring problems. Although stilling basins with a negative step have attracted much attention from researchers, few researchers have focused on the wave characteristics. In this research, an experimental study on the wave characteristics of stilling basins with a negative step was carried out. The wave height, average period, wave probability density and power spectrum along the flow direction of different stilling basins with a negative step were described based on the wave theory, and the results indicate discharge and step height have a significant effect on the wave characteristics. The relationships between the different characteristic wave heights, and the empirical formula for the relative characteristic wave height are obtained. Finally, the dimensionless standard deviation at the end of the stilling basin with a negative step is linearly related to the flow-energy ratio and the relative step height under B-jump. 相似文献
12.
利用单-(6-氧-对甲基苯磺酰基)-β-环糊精和2-呋喃甲硫醇反应得到单修饰环糊精, 单[6-硫-6-(2-甲基呋喃)]-β-环糊精. 通过X-ray衍射分析及核磁光谱等方法研究了其在溶液和固态中形成线状超分子的分子自组装行为. 结果表明, 化合物在固态中通过呋喃基团从第二面羟基连续插入到另一个环糊精的空腔, 形成了互锁式螺旋柱状超分子, 而且在溶液中也显示了相似的自组装行为, 其键合常数K及聚合度n分别为450 mol-1·L和1.9. 相似文献
13.
Dr. Yao-Yao Wang Dr. Hong-Hong Fan Zhi-Wei Wang Wan-Yue Diao Dr. Chao-Ying Fan Prof. Xing-Long Wu Prof. Jing-Ping Zhang 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2019,25(66):15173-15181
Owing to low ion/electron conductivity and large volume change, transitional metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) suffer from inferior cycle stability and rate capability when used as the anode of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). To overcome these disadvantages, amorphous molybdenum sulfide (MoSx) nanospheres were prepared and coated with an ultrathin carbon layer through a simple one-pot reaction. Combining X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) with theoretical calculations, MoSx was confirmed as having a special chain molecular structure with two forms of S bonding (S2− and S22−), the optimal adsorption sites of Li+ were located at S22−. As a result, the MoSx electrode exhibits superior cycle and rate capacities compared with crystalline 2H-MoS2 (e.g., delivering a high capacity of 612.4 mAh g−1 after 500 cycles at 1 A g−1). This is mainly attributed to more exposed active S22− sites for Li storage, more Li+ transfer pathways for improved ion conductivity, and suppressed electrode structure pulverization of MoSx derived from the inherent chain-like molecular structure. Quantitative charge storage analysis further demonstrates the improved pseudocapacitive contribution of amorphous MoSx induced by fast reaction kinetics. Moreover, the morphology contrast after cycling demonstrates the dispersion of active materials is more uniform for MoSx than 2H-MoS2, suggesting the MoSx can well accommodate the volume stress of the electrode during discharging. Through regulating the molecular structure, this work provides an effective targeted strategy to overcome the intrinsic issues of TMDs for high-performance LIBs. 相似文献
14.
Dan Xie Huan-Huan Li Yan-Hong Shi Wan-Yue Diao Ru Jiang Prof. Hai-Zhu Sun Prof. Xing-Long Wu Dr. Wenliang Li Dr. Chao-Ying Fan Prof. Jing-Ping Zhang 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2020,26(4):853-862
The Fe-based transition metal oxides are promising anode candidates for lithium storage considering their high specific capacity, low cost, and environmental compatibility. However, the poor electron/ion conductivity and significant volume stress limit their cycle and rate performances. Furthermore, the phenomena of capacity rise and sudden decay for α-Fe2O3 have appeared in most reports. Here, a uniform micro/nano α-Fe2O3 nanoaggregate conformably enclosed in an ultrathin N-doped carbon network (denoted as M/N-α-Fe2O3@NC) is designed. The M/N porous balls combine the merits of secondary nanoparticles to shorten the Li+ transportation pathways as well as alleviating volume expansion, and primary microballs to stabilize the electrode/electrolyte interface. Furthermore, the ultrathin carbon shell favors fast electron transfer and protects the electrode from electrolyte corrosion. Therefore, the M/N-α-Fe2O3@NC electrode delivers an excellent reversible capacity of 901 mA h g−1 with capacity retention up to 94.0 % after 200 cycles at 0.2 A g−1. Notably, the capacity rise does not happen during cycling. Moreover, the lithium storage mechanism is elucidated by ex situ XRD and HRTEM experiments. It is verified that the reversible phase transformation of α↔γ occurs during the first cycle, whereas only the α-Fe2O3 phase is reversibly transformed during subsequent cycles. This study offers a simple and scalable strategy for the practical application of high-performance Fe2O3 electrodes. 相似文献
15.
Wang Zhongping Zhao Yating Zhou Long Xu Linglin Diao Guizhi Liu Guanghua 《Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry》2020,140(2):545-553
Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry - Aluminate containing phases such as tricalcium aluminate (C3A) and dodecacalcium heptaaluminate (C12A7) play a key role in the reaction between... 相似文献
16.
Counting is one of the most basic procedures in mathematics and statistics. In statistics literature it is usually done via
the proportion estimation method. In this article we manifest a radically different counting procedure first proposed in the
late 1990’s based on the techniques of quantum computation. It combines two major tools in quantum computation, quantum Fourier
transform and quantum amplitude amplification, and shares similar structure to the quantum part of the celebrated Shor’s factoring
algorithm. We present complete details of this quantum counting algorithm and the analysis of its error distribution. Comparing
it with the conventional proportion estimation method, we demonstrate that this quantum approach achieves much faster convergence
rate than the classical approach. 相似文献
17.
Krzysztof Pomorski José M. Blanco Pavel V. Kostryukov Artur Dobrowolski Bo?ena Nerlo-Pomorska Micha? Warda Zhi-Gang Xiao Yong-Jing Chen Li-Le Liu Jun-Long Tian Xin-Yue Diao Qiang-Hua Wu 《中国物理C(英文版)》2021,45(5):054109-054109-11
Fission properties of the actinide nuclei are deduced from theoretical analysis. We investigate potential energy surfaces and fission barriers and predict the fission fragment mass yields of actinide isotopes. The results are compared with experimental data where available. The calculations were performed in the macroscopic-microscopic approximation with the Lublin-Strasbourg Drop (LSD) for the macroscopic part, and the microscopic energy corrections were evaluated in the Yukawa-folded potential. The Fourier nuclear shape parametrization is used to describe the nuclear shape, including the non-axial degree of freedom. The fission fragment mass yields of the nuclei considered are evaluated within a 3D collective model using the Born-Oppenheimer approximation. 相似文献
18.
19.
Wang Yongqian Liao Xianbo Diao Hongwei Cheng Wenchao Li Guohua Chen Changyong Zhang Shibin Xu Yanyue Chen Weide Kong Guanglin 《中国科学A辑(英文版)》2002,45(10):1320-1328
A set of a-SiOx:H (0.52 <x< 1.58) films are fabricated by plasma-enhanced-chemical-vapor-deposition (PECVD) method at the substrate temperature
of 250°C. The microstructure and local bonding configurations of the films are investigated in detail using micro-Raman scattering,
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). It is found that the films are
structural inhomogeneous, with five phases of Si, Si2O:H, SiO:H, Si2O3:H and SiO2 that coexist. The phase of Si is composed of nonhydrogenated amorphous silicon (a-Si) clusters that are spatially isolated.
The average size of the clusters decreases with the increasing oxygen concentration x in the films. The results indicate that
the structure of the present films can be described by a multi-shell model, which suggests that a-Si cluster is surrounded
in turn by the subshells of Si2O:H, SiO:H, Si2O3:H, and SiO2. 相似文献
20.
In order to realize a wider application for graphene materials specifically in the field of energy storage, a simple and mass-scalable method described as “the atmospheric, low-temperature, shock-heating process” is proposed in this work. During this low-temperature process, the graphite oxide without pre-treatment is completely exfoliated to form the few-layer graphene materials at atmospheric conditions. The Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET)-specific surface area of acquired material at 350 °C can reach 487 m2 g?1. The acquired few-layer graphene materials are also confirmed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Raman spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). The results demonstrate that this simple method is feasible for synthesizing the few-layer graphene materials. Besides that, the acquired graphene is also used as the cathode material in the surface-enabled lithium ion-exchanging cell. The galvanostatic charge/discharge tests show that the graphene prepared from this method is suitable for this system and displays a satisfactory electrochemical performance. The acquired graphene sample exhibits the reversible capacities of around 187, 107, 84, 58, and 45 mAh g?1 at 0.1, 2, 5, 10, and 15 A g?1, respectively. At the current density of 0.5 A g?1, the capacity retention can reach 75 % after 2000 cycles. 相似文献