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This paper proposes a floating-point genetic algorithm (FPGA) to solve the unit commitment problem (UCP). Based on the characteristics of typical load demand, a floating-point chromosome representation and an encoding–decoding scheme are designed to reduce the complexities in handling the minimum up/down time limits. Strategic parameters of the FPGA are characterized in detail, i.e., the evaluation function and its constraints, population size, operation styles of selection, crossover operation and probability, mutation operation and probability. A dynamic combination scheme of genetic operators is formulated to explore and exploit the FPGA in the non-convex solution space and multimodal objective function. Experiment results show that the FPGA is a more effective technique among the various styles of genetic algorithms, which can be applied to the practical scheduling tasks in utility power systems. 相似文献
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关于方程(1)的极限环唯多性问题,不少人作了研究,[1]引进“n重互相包含”曲线类,,经[2]的改进获得较好的结果,但这类曲线要求的条件较多。本文不从[1]的观点出发,不包含[1]的全部条件,独立地用①11。’,LtnnoB变换折叠相平面,据轨线与折叠线交点的位置,对(1)的等价方程按线性方程积分,将积分的正负项作成比值进行比较,得出一组充分条件。 相似文献
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He Ping LIU Xuan Yuan ZHENG 《数学学报(英文版)》2006,22(2):425-430
We consider the commutators of the HSrmander multiplier with CMO-functions on the Heisenberg group. The result of compactness on L^P spaces is proved. 相似文献
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For the methylsilsesquioxane film whose optical birefringence is almost zero, it was recently reported that its vertical thermal expansion coefficient (CTE) was approximately one order of magnitude larger than the lateral CTE. Though the birefringence is not an absolute predictor of anisotropic behavior, the discrepancy in both the CTEs was so remarkable that it was essential to investigate whether the anisotropy was intrinsic property or not. If the effect of Poisson's ratio is considered in the calculation of the vertical CTE and when elastic modulus measured by surface acoustic wave spectroscopy is used in the assessment of the lateral CTE, both the CTEs are coincident with each other. Therefore, it can be concluded that the discrepancy in the CTEs can be attributed to a higher in‐plane polymer chain orientation but it can also arise from the misleadingly assumed modulus and Poisson's ratio. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 44: 3109–3120, 2006 相似文献
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Kim Dang Phung 《Journal of Differential Equations》2007,240(1):92-124
Using Fourier integral operators with special amplitude functions, we analyze the stabilization of the wave equation in a three-dimensional bounded domain on which exists a trapped ray bouncing up and down infinitely between two parallel parts of the boundary. 相似文献
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Transformations of chemical species formed by the reaction of gaseous BF3 with high pressure and silica preheated at 473 and 1093 K were studied with the use of infrared absorption spectrometry. The species containing -BF2 and the species containing >BF were transformed to each other on the highly-reacted silica depending on the pressure of BF3 in cell, and some of the species containing -BF2 were also desorbed without their transformations to the species containing >BF. H2O played important roles in these transformations. 相似文献
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