聚碱式氯化铝制备实验探索

通过改进的制备方案,在常温下成功制备聚碱式氯化铝。无论在制备方法上还是在净水效果上,改进后的聚碱式氯化铝的制备方案都优于现有教材采用的实验方案。     

X波段脉冲电子顺磁共振谱仪的矩形腔与微型平面腔的设计

为了满足脉冲式电子顺磁共振谱仪的需要,设计并制作了连续波谐振腔和脉冲谐振腔. 连续波谐振腔采用矩形谐振腔的设计,而脉冲谐振腔采用了微型平面腔的设计. 在设计阶段,使用Ansoft-HFSS三维电磁仿真软件对2种谐振腔进行模拟计算. 微型平面腔的加工采用了微纳加工技术. 制作完成的谐振腔的参数指标由网络分析仪测定. 实验测得2种谐振腔的参数指标符合理论模拟值,并满足脉冲式电子顺磁共振谱仪的要求.     

利用磁共振技术检测钻井液含油量的方法探讨

含油气的岩层被钻开以后,其中的油气一部分保留在岩样中,另一部分则进入钻井液,岩样中的油、气及钻井液中的气都有相应的录井方法来检测,唯独钻井液中的油一直是录井检测的空白. 随着油气勘探程度的加深及钻井工艺技术的发展,岩屑含油级别低甚至无显示、气测异常幅度低甚至无异常的油井是越来越多,导致油气层的发现与评价变得十分困难. 因此,急需对钻井液中的含油量进行随钻检测. 通过对不同油质、 不同含油量的钻井液进行磁共振试验,结果表明,可以通过核磁共振一维谱(T₂谱)实现轻～中质油的含油量分析,通过二维谱(T₂-D谱)以实现对重质油的含油量分析. 该项研究对于完善录井技术系列、提高油层发现率和评价准确率具有十分重要的意义.     

包覆型Si/C复合材料的制备及其性能研究

分别采用球磨法和高温热解法制备了Si/C复合材料,XRD、SEM、电化学阻抗谱、循环伏安法和恒流充放电测试表征该Si/C复合材料的结构、形貌和电化学性能.结果表明,相比于球磨法,高温热解HDPE制备的Si/C复合材料颗粒形貌规则,碳的包覆较为均匀,导电性较好,阻抗较小.该复合材料首次嵌锂容量为4495 mAh/g,首次库仑效率65.3% ,从第2周开始库仑电效率都保持在97% 左右,经过100次充放电循环后仍能达到438 mAh/g的可逆容量,具有较好的电化学循环稳定性.     

Determination of Sex Hormones in Antler Velvet by High Performance Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry

Eighteen sex hormones in antler velvet were determined by high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry.The solid phase extraction was applied to eliminating the matrix effect.The exp...     

Enrichment of Fetal Nucleated Red Blood Cells by Multi-core Magnetic Composite Particles for Non-invasive Prenatal Diagnosis

A novel kind of multi-core magnetic composite particles, the surfaces of which were respectively modified with goat-anti-mouse IgG and antitransferrin receptor(anti-CD71), was prepared. The fetal nucleated red blood cells(FNRBCs) in the peripheral blood of a gravida were rapidly and effectively enriched and separated by the modified multi-core magnetic composite particles in an external magnetic field. The obtained FNRBCs were used for the identification of the fetal sex by means of fluorescence in situ hybridization(FISH) technique. The results demonstrate that the multi-core magnetic composite particles meet the requirements for the enrichment and speration of FNRBCs with a low concentration and the accuracy of detetion for the diagnosis of fetal sex reached to 95%. Moreover, the obtained FNRBCs were applied to the non-invasive diagnosis of Down syndrome and chromosome 3p21 was detected. The above facts indicate that the novel multi-core magnetic composite particles-based method is simple, reliable and cost-effective and has opened up vast vistas for the potential application in clinic non-invasive prenatal diagnosis.     

Molecular Targets of Combined Natural Antioxidants Against Diabetes in Streptozotocin-induced Diabetic Mice

Natural antioxidants, due to the different chemical structures and their unique biological protection effects on islet cell, have been received much attention in applied chemistry field for developing a new diabetic drug. However, the molecular targets of the islet cell protection have been remained obscure. For investigating molecular targets of combined natural antioxidant's(CNA) roles in against diabetes, type 1 diabetic mouse model was made by multiple injection of low doses of streptozotocin into C57BL mice. Two combinations of natural antioxidants were orally supplemented to the mice. Blood glucose level, glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities, and malondialdehyde(MDA) contents were measured via biochemical assays. Tumor necrosis factor α(TNF-α), interferon γ(IFN-γ) and Interleukin-12(IL-12) in CD4⁺ Peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMC) were evaluated with flow cytometry(FCM). In situ hybridization(ISH) and immunohistochemistry(IHC) were used to detect insulin gene expression. The results demonstrate both the combinations significantly: increased GSH-px and SOD, but decreased MDA levels in pancreas(p<0.05―0.01); up-regulated insulin expression at both mRNA and protein levels in islet cells(p<0.05―0.01); down-regulated TNF-α and IL-12 expression in PBMC(p<0.05―0.01). Our data suggest that the CAN may regulate multiple key molecular targets related to β cell function, including reduction of oxidative stress and pre-inflammatory cytokines, and upregulate insulin gene expression to reduce the development of diabetes.     

微乳液脱除油泥砂中的原油

以煤油为油相, 十二烷基苯磺酸钠(SDBS)为主表面活性剂, 正戊醇为助表面活性剂, 通过改变NaCl浓度分别制备出上相、 中相和下相3种类型的微乳液, 研究了其对油泥砂中原油的脱除效率, 考察了微乳液类型、 油泥砂处理量、 时间和温度等的影响. 结果表明, 油相在下相微乳液中的脱油效率最高, 在中相中次之, 在上相中最低, 且油相脱油率与油泥砂处理量间具有良好的线性关系; 在所考察的时间(10~60 min)和温度(20~70℃)范围内, 脱油效率变化幅度不显著, 表明该体系可对油泥砂进行常温快速脱油处理.     

离子微束技术及其多学科应用

通过微米孔准直或电磁聚焦技术可将加速器产生的MeV离子束形成微米尺寸的离子束斑(微束), 从而用来研究固体和生物样品的微米空间分辨的材料信息和辐照响应。 结合MeV离子微束的发展历史综述了微束技术和跨学科应用, 包括利用微束开展具有空间分辨的离子束分析、 单粒子效应、 微纳加工和细胞辐射响应等研究。 介绍了中国科学院近代物理研究所的高能重离子微束辐照装置, 该装置成功地将总能量为1 GeV的C离子在大气中聚焦为1 μm×2 μm的微米束斑。 Beam of MeV ions from particle accelerators can be confined by collimators or focused by electrical/magnetic quadruples into micrometer size, and this microbeam can be used to obtain spatial information or radiation effect in solids and biological samples. This paper reviews the technical developments and the multi disciplinary applications of microbeam, including ion beam analysis, single event effect in semiconductor devices, proton beam writing and cellular response to targeted particle irradiations. Finally, the high energy heavy ion microbeam facility at the Institute of Modern Physics of Chinese Academy of Sciences is introduced, which has successfully focused 1 GeV Carbon ions into a beam spot of 1 μm×2 μm in air.     

ICRH带状双天线的间距对等离子体耦合特性的影响

采用能量一次吸收假设、等离子体平板模型和三维天线模型数值模拟离子回旋共振加热时带状双天线与等离子体的耦合过程,得到天线的辐射功率、等离子体的吸收功率密度分布随天线间距变化的关系.通过对比分析,得出结论:在一定实验条件下,当带状双天线同相馈电时,天线间距越小,离子回旋共振加热效果越好.