Utilization of Fly Ash Nanofluids in Two-phase Closed Thermosyphon for Enhancing Heat Transfer

This study investigates how fly ash nanofluids affect the thermal performance of a two-phase closed thermosyphon at various states of operation. The utilization of nanofluids obtained from X₂O₃-type oxides, such as Al₂O₃, Fe₂O₃, or CuO, on the improvement of two-phase closed thermosyphon performance was reported in a number of studies in the literature. The present study experimentally demonstrated the effect of using a nanofluid obtained from fly ash comprised of various types of metal oxides in varying ratios on improving the performance of a two-phase closed thermosyphon. The fly ash was obtained from the flue gas that was captured in the cyclones of the Yatagan thermal power plant (Turkey). Triton X-100 (Dow Chemical Company) dispersant was used in the study to produce the 0.2% (wt) fly ash/water nanofluid via direct synthesis. A straight copper tube with an inner diameter of 13 mm, outer diameter of 15 mm, and length of 1 m was used as the two-phase closed thermosyphon. The nanofluid filled 33.3% (44.2 ml) of the volume ofthe two-phase closed thermosyphon. Three heating power levels (200, 300, and 400 W) were used in the experiments with three different flow rates of cooling water (5, 7.5, and 10 g/s) used in the condenser for cooling the system. A increase of 26.39% was achieved in the efficiency of the two-phase closed thermosyphon when 4% (wt) fly ash containing nanofluid was used to replace deionized water at a heat load of 200 W and with a cooling water flow rate of 5 g/s.     

Empirical,Semi-Empirical and Experimental Determination of K X-Ray Fluorescence Parameters of Some Elements in the Atomic Range 21 ≤ Z ≤ 30

In this study, the semi-empirical and empirical calculations of K X-ray intensity ratios, K-shell fluorescence yields, and vacancy transfer probabilities have been performed for 3d transition elements. Also, σ_Kα, σ_Kβ production cross-sections, K_β/K_α intensity ratios, ω_K fluorescence yields, and η_KL vacancy transfer probabilities of 3d transition elements have been measured. The samples were excited by 59.5 keV γ-rays from a ²⁴¹Am annular radioactive source. K X-rays emitted by samples were counted by an Ultra-LEGe detector with a resolution of 150 eV at 5.9 keV.     

Vibrational Spectrum of a Platinum Complex of Piroxicam

The infrared and Raman spectra of a platinum complex of the antiinflammatory drug piroxicam (Pir) and dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) of composition [PtCl₂Pir(DMSO)] were recorded and briefly discussed on the basis of its structural characteristics. The metal-to-ligand vibrations are analyzed in detail.     

Phase transitions and metastable states in TlGaSe2

The results of measurements of the dielectric constant of TlGaSe₂ in temperature range of successive phase transitions are presented. An anomaly in the temperature dependence of the real part of dielectric constant in TlGaSe₂ has been observed at about 242?K in addition to anomalies at 115, 108, and also near 65?K as reported in previous publications. The presence of temperature hysteresis effects in temperature interval between 115 and 242?K allowed making a conclusion about possible existence of an incommensurate phase in the mentioned temperature range. A model of succession of the structural phase transitions in TlGaSe₂ has been suggested.     

A particular solution of Heun equation for Hulthen and Woods‐Saxon potentials

In this article a particular solution of Heun equation is derived by making use of the Nikiforov‐Uvarov (NU) method which provides exact solutions for general hypergeometric equation and eigenvalues together with eigenfunctions of the Heun equation for this particular solution are obtained. One to one correspondence (isomorphism) of the aforesaid equation with the radial Schrödinger equation is emphasized and also physical counterparts of the parameters in this equation are put forward by introducing solutions for two different potential functions (Hulthen and Woods‐Saxon potentials).

     

Zeros of the Jones Polynomial for Multiple Crossing-Twisted Links

Let D be a general connected reduced alternating link diagram, C be the set of crossings of D and C′ be the nonempty subset of C. In this paper we first define a multiple crossing-twisted link family {D ⁿ (C′)|n=1,2,…} based on D and C′, which produces (2,2n+1)-torus knot family, the link family A _n defined in Chang and Shrock (Physica A 301:196–218, 2001) and the pretzel link family P(n,n,n) as special cases. Then by applying Beraha-Kahane-Weiss’s Theorem we prove that limits of zeros of Jones polynomials of {D ⁿ (C′)|n=1,2,…} are the unit circle |z|=1 (It is independent of the selections of D and C′) and several isolated limits, which can be determined by computing flow polynomials of subgraphs of G corresponding to D. Furthermore, we use the method of Brown and Hickman (Discrete Math. 242:17–30, 2002) to prove that, for any ε>0, all zeros of Jones polynomial of the link D ⁿ (C) lie inside the circle |z|=1+ε, provided that n is large enough. Our results extend results of F.Y. Wu, J. Wang, S.-C. Chang, R. Shrock and the present authors and refine partial result of A. Champanerkar and L. Kofman.     

射频溅射法制备Pb_(1-x)Co_xSe薄膜及物性研究

利用复合靶共溅射法制备了半磁性半导体 Ｐｂ１－ ｘ Ｃｏｘ Ｓｅ 薄膜．研究了薄膜的成分结构以及电阻率温度特性和磁化率温度特性间的关系．结果表明：由于 Ｃｏ 离子介入, Ｐｂ１－ ｘ Ｃｏｘ Ｓｅ 发生了由金属特性向半导体特性的转变,在充分低的温度下,并伴有磁相转变．磁相转变温度与磁性离子浓度相关,磁化率的相对变化幅度与磁性离子浓度有关     

电解沉积的分形维数与ZnSO_4溶液浓度的关系

用电沉积方法得到了不同浓度硫酸锌电解液的分形凝聚图像;进行图像处理,得到了其分形维数与浓度的关系曲线;用粒子扩散限制凝聚模型解释了此关系     

Windows下基于TCP/IP协议的多媒体数据通信

在讨论ＴＣＰ／ＩＰ协议模型、编址方式、ｓｏｃｋｅｔ编程界面的基础上，研究了Ｗｉｎｄｏｗｓ环境下异步接收／发送数据的方法，针对ＡＶＩ多媒体文件格式讨论了音频和视频数据的获取方法和媒体间的同步技术，在Ｎｏｖｅｌｌ网上实现了Ｗｉｎｄｏｗｓ９５环境下基于ＴＣＰ／ＩＰ对等站点之间的实时视频音频通信