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101.
José Craveirinha Rita Girão-Silva João Clímaco 《Central European Journal of Operations Research》2008,16(1):79-105
MPLS (Multiprotocol Label Switching) enables the utilisation of explicit routes and other advanced routing mechanisms in multiservice
packet networks, capable of dealing with multiple and heterogeneous QoS (Quality of Service) parameters. Firstly the paper
presents a discussion of conceptual and methodological issues raised by multiobjective routing optimisation models for MPLS
networks. The major contribution is the proposal of a multiobjective routing optimisation framework for MPLS networks. The
major features of this modelling framework are: the formulation of a three-level hierarchical routing optimisation problem
including network and service performance objectives, the inclusion of fairness objectives in the different levels of optimisation
and a two-level stochastic representation of the traffic in the network (traffic flow and packet stream levels). A variant
of the general model for two classes of traffic flows, QoS traffic and Best Effort traffic, is also presented. Finally a stochastic
teletraffic modelling approach, underlying the optimisation model, is fully described.
Work partially supported by programme POSI of the III EC programme cosponsored by FEDER and national funds. 相似文献
102.
103.
The author furnishes results checked by three years of practice, concerning the measurment of traces of silica.This is transformed into a complex silicomolybdate by means of hexamethylenetetramine Treated with special in precautions the Precipitate yields a residue of SiO2 + 12MoO3 ,weighing about tlurty times more than the starting silica.Since the titration of the hexamethylenetetramine used can be done by means of iodine, we have here a means of titrating the silica used after destroying hydrolytically the preipitaite of silicomolybdateThese methods have so far been applied only to solutions containing free silica or alkilisilicates. 相似文献
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106.
Dieter Muri Clémence Corminboeuf Erick M. Carreira Damien Jeannerat 《Magnetic resonance in chemistry : MRC》2009,47(11):909-916
We discuss and demonstrate the potential of HSQC‐TOCSY and HSQC‐NOESY experiments to offer solutions for overlap problems in COSY and NOESY spectra, leading to improved signals that can be unambiguously assigned to individual carbons. Direct comparison of experimental 1H and 13C chemical shielding with density functional theory (DFT)‐calculated values are uninformative; in contrast, the relative differences in experimental shielding between pairs of molecules correlates well with the relative differences in DFT‐GIAO shielding for the computed lowest energy conformers. A detailed application of both experimental and theoretical techniques is illustrated for slowly exchanging conformers of an erythronolide A derivative, which demonstrates that structure determination can strongly benefit from the interplay between experiment and theory. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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Cláudia M. Morais Valérie Montouillout Michael Deschamps Dinu Iuga Franck Fayon Filipe A. A. Paz João Rocha Christian Fernandez Dominique Massiot 《Magnetic resonance in chemistry : MRC》2009,47(11):942-947
From one‐ to two‐ and three‐dimensional MAS NMR solid‐state experiments involving 31P and 27Al, we show that the structure of microporous alumino‐phosphate AlPO4‐40 contains at least four times more sites than expected, and we attribute two types of AlIV sites. The newly described 27Al‐31P MQ‐HMQC opens new possibilities of describing details of three‐dimensional bounded networks. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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Clément Suspène Stéphane Brandès Roger Guilard Prof. 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2010,16(21):6352-6364
The present study reports the synthesis and rational design of porous structured materials by using a templating method. A tetraethoxysilylated tripodal tetraamine (TREN) was covalently incorporated in a silica framework with a double imprint: A surfactant template and a metal ion imprint. The presence of a cationic surfactant (CTAB) endowed the material with a high porosity, and the tripodal or square‐pyramidal topology of the ligand was preserved thanks to the use of the silylated CuII complex. After removal of the surfactant and de‐metalation, the incorporated tetraamine was quantitatively complexed by CuCl2 and the material has shown after thermal activation that a reversible binding of O2 on the metal ions occurred. This chemisorption process was monitored by UV/Vis and EPR spectroscopies, and the Cu:O2 adduct was postulated to be an end‐on μ‐η1:η1‐peroxodicopper(II) complex bridged by a chloride ion. The CuI‐active species, formed during the activation step, were fully recovered during several O2 binding cycles. The high reactivity of the copper complexes and the room‐temperature stability of the dioxygen adduct were explained by the fine adaptability of the tripodal ligand to different geometries, the confinement of the active sites in the hybrid silica that protect them from degradation by a control of the metal‐ion microenvironment, as well as the short‐range lamellar order of the copper complexes in the framework. 相似文献