应用于扫描探针显微镜的石英音叉机械模型研究

石英音叉作为力传感器广泛地应用于各种扫描探针显微镜,主要涉及石英音叉的同相振动和反相振动两种振动模式.通过实验方法和有限元仿真方法对石英音叉的两种振动模式进行研究,发现石英音叉的双臂之间以及双臂与音叉的基部之间都存在耦合作用,双臂之间的耦合使音叉的反相共振频率升高,双臂与基部之间的耦合使音叉的同相共振频率降低.针对两种振动模式的动态特性建立了石英音叉的机械模型并进行合理简化.简化模型是一个四弹簧三质点系统,计算了简化模型的参数.通过一个音叉臂等效质量变化与音叉反相共振频率变化之间的定量关系证明了简化机械模 关键词： 扫描探针显微镜 石英音叉 振动模式 机械模型     

Size-refinement enhanced flexibility and electrochemical performance of MXene electrodes for flexible waterproof supercapacitors

Increasing mechanical flexibility without sacrificing electrochemical performance of the electrode mate-rial is highly desired in the design of flexible electro...     

Application of alkoxide in catalytic transfer hydrogenation of unsaturated nitrogen compounds

Alcoholate was utilized in catalytic transfer hydrogenation of unsaturated nitrogen compounds. In the reduction of nitro compounds, oximes and imines, alkoxide was used as the promoter, with alcohol as the hydrogen source, while in the reduction of nitriles, alkoxide was used as the hydrogen source.     

Instabilities in free-surface electroosmotic flows

Instability of a thin electrolyte film undergoing a direct current electroosmotic flow has been investigated. The film with a compliant electrolyte–air interface is flowing over a rigid charged substrate. Unlike previous studies, inclusion of the Maxwell stresses in the formulation shows the presence of a new finite wavenumber shear-flow mode of instability, alongside the more frequently observed long-wave interfacial mode. The shear mode is found to be the dominant mode of instability when the electrolyte–solid and electrolyte–air interfaces are of opposite charge or of same charge but have very large zeta-potential at the electrolyte–air interface. The conditions for mode-switch (interfacial to shear) and the direction of the travelling waves are discussed through stability diagrams. Interestingly, the analysis shows that when the interfaces are of nearly same zeta potential, the ‘free’ electrolyte–air interface behaves more like a ‘stationary’ wall because of the ion transport in the reverse direction of the flow.     

基于无人机高光谱特征参数和株高估算马铃薯地上生物量

地上生物量(above-ground biomass,AGB)是评价作物长势及其产量估测的重要指标,对指导农业管理具有重要的作用.因此,快速准确地获取生物量信息,对于监测马铃薯生长状况,提高产量具有重要的意义.于马铃薯现蕾期、块茎形成期、块茎增长期、淀粉积累期、成熟期获取成像高光谱影像、实测株高(heigh,H)、地上...     

企业自主研发与合作创新的风险测度及组合优化

企业在整合内部创新要素进行自主研发的同时,也会寻求外部创新资源进行合作创新,当前同时从事多个R&D项目已成为常见的企业经营活动,如何在不确定条件下分析多个R&D项目投资的策略选择及风险优化,对于企业的长期发展具有重要意义。根据企业是否采取合作创新策略,可将其R&D项目分为自主研发与合作创新两类,以项目的研发成功率和投资收益率代表技术风险和市场风险,分别测度自主研发与合作创新项目的风险特性,并在此基础上构建企业R&D项目投资组合优化模型,以在自主研发与合作创新项目之间进行权衡取舍。结果表明,企业对于自主研发与合作创新项目投资组合的最优投资权重,主要取决于这两类组合的期望收益率、收益率方差、期望成功率以及两组合之间的协方差。企业可基于关键参数制定出最优的R&D项目投资组合选择策略,合理分配资金以达到风险最小化的投资目标。     

Incorporation of azide sugar analogue decreases tumorigenic potential of breast cancer cells by reducing cancer stem cell population

The azido sugar,GalNAz,was successfully used for imaging and perturbing protein glycosylation in triple-negative breast cancer cell line,MDA-MB-231.After the incorporation of GalNAz in the triple-negative breast cancer cell line,the tumorigenicity of these cells was decreased.Results from gene analysis and drug treatment suggest that the tumorigenicity decrease may be attributed to the reduction of cancer stem cell population.Possible mechanisms of GalNAz induced cancer stem cells(CSCs) proportion change are discussed.     

Highly selective synthesis of single-walled carbon nanotubes from methane in a coupled Downer-turbulent fluidized-bed reactor

For the synthesis of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) from CH₄ over a Fe/MgO catalyst, we proposed a coupled Downer-turbulent fluidized-bed (TFB) reactor to enhance the selectivity and yield (or production rate) of SWCNTs. By controlling a very short catalyst residence time (1–3 s) in the Downer, only part of Fe oxides can be reduced to form Fe nano particles (NPs) available for the growth of SWCNTs. The percentage of unreduced Fe oxides increased and the yield of SWCNTs decreased accordingly with the increase of catalyst feeding rate in Downer. SWCNTs were preferentially grown on the catalyst surface and inhibited the sintering of the Fe crystallites which would be formed thereafter in the downstream TFB, evidenced by TEM, Raman and TGA. The coupled Downer-turbulent fluidized-bed reactor technology allowed higher selectivity and higher production rate of SWCNTs as compared to TFB alone.