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21.
S.D. Christian J. Grundnes P. Klaeboe C.J. Nielsen T. Woldbaek 《Journal of Molecular Structure》1976,34(1):33-45
The infrared spectra of 1,1,2-trichloroethane were recorded from 4000 to 50 cm?1 in the vapour and liquid states. Additional spectra above 200 cm?1 of the low temperature crystal and of two crystalline solids, prepared by compressing the sample in a diamond anvil cell, were obtained. Also, infrared spectra of the liquid and of the compound dissolved in CS2 were recorded at increased pressures. Raman spectral data of the liquid (including polarization measurements) and of the low temperature crystal were obtained.The fundamental frequencies for each of the two conformers, C1 and Cs, were assigned and the results checked by normal coordinate analysis. The same diagonal and off-diagonal force constants were employed for the two conformers and the force fields were derived by means of a least squares refinement, including data for chloroethane, 1,1-dichloroethane and various deuterated species. A standard deviation of 3 % was obtained in the final fit.From the changes in relative intensities for infrared bands belonging to the C1 and Cs conformers with increasing pressure, the volume differences (ΔV¯between the conformers were determined in CS2 solution and in the pure liquid. 相似文献
22.
B. Aspacher W. Frank P. Kizler K. Maier 《Applied Physics A: Materials Science & Processing》1994,59(4):339-348
In previous Perturbed-Angular-Correlation (PAC) studies of the - emission of 111In probe nuclei in cold-worked or particle-irradiated nickel, it has been found that thermal annealing in the temperature regime of recovery stage III leads to the formation of so-called C-defects (Cubic defects). This is indicated by the occurrence of a new frequency of about 80 Mrad/s, in addition to the frequency (200 Mrad/s) that is due to 111In on substitutional sites. Obviously, the C-defects are complexes consisting of 111In and the intrinsic point-defect species that migrates freely in recovery stage III. Therefore, they have played an important rôle in the long-standing controversy on whether the recovery-stage-III defects are vacancies (one-interstitial model) or self-interstitials (two-interstitial model). The present paper reports on a novel experimental effort to reveal the nature of the C-defects by combining PAC studies on nickel samples differently pretreated in a systematic way, investigations of the Extended X-ray Absorption Fine Structure (EXAFS) on In-doped nickel, and measurements of the decay rate of 111In nuclei in the Electron-Capture-Induced Decay (ECID). On the basis of the results of these experiments it is concluded that the defects trapped by substitutional 111In atoms (Ins) in recovery stage III are self-interstitials (I), as expected according to the two-interstitial model. Moreover, there is evidence that the C-defects are In interstitials on tetrahedral sites (Ini) that form exclusively in the vicinity of the specimen surface from Ins – I pairs via the reaction Ins+I Ini. 相似文献
23.
Christian Remling 《Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society》1996,124(7):2097-2100
In 1949, Hartman and Wintner showed that if the eigenvalue equations of a one-dimensional Schrödinger operator possess square integrable solutions, then the essential spectrum is nowhere dense. Furthermore, they conjectured that this statement could be improved and that under this condition the essential spectrum might always be void. This is shown to be false. It is proved that, on the contrary, every closed, nowhere dense set does occur as the essential spectrum of Schrödinger operators which satisfy the condition of existence of -solutions. The proof of this theorem is based on inverse spectral theory.
24.
25.
The elements are separated from iron by solvent-extraction. Cr, V and Mn are separated by ion-exchange chromatography with a strong acidic cation-exchanger. The elements are determined by 14 MeV-neutron activation analysis using γ-spectroscopy. The method is suitable for a concentration range of 0.05 to 5%. 相似文献
26.
Self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) of methoxy-tri(ethylene glycol)- (EG(3)-OMe) and methyl-terminated alkanethiols (C(16)) adsorbed on polycrystalline gold were investigated by chemical force spectroscopy. Measurements were performed in aqueous electrolyte solutions depending on ionic strength and pH value. Charged and hydrophobic tips were employed as probes to mimic local patches of proteins and to study the interaction at the organic/liquid interface in detail. Force-distance curves reveal information about the origin of the observed interaction and the underlying mechanisms. The measurements confirm an effective negative surface charge to be present at the oligo(ethylene glycol) (OEG) and the methyl interface and suggest that the charges are due to the adsorption of hydroxyl ions from aqueous solution. pH-dependent measurements further support the robustness of the established charge associated with the OEG films. Its sign does not change over the whole range of investigated values between pH approximately 3.5 and approximately 10. In contrast, the hydrophobic self-assembled hexadecanethiol films on gold show an isoelectric point (IEP) around pH 4. While the mechanism of charge establishment appears to be similar for both SA films, the strength of hydrogen bonding to interfacial water, which acts as a template for hydroxyl ion adsorption, is likely to be responsible for the observed difference. 相似文献
27.
Christian K. Jørgensen 《Chemical physics letters》1982,89(6):455-458
Recent relativistic calculations on the uranyl ion suggest that the low wave numbers of the first electron transfer bands are due to a bonding 5f-like orbital containing the two loosest bound electrons. Comparison with UF6 makes it more likely that if indeed σu (and not πu) is the highest occupied MO, it is rather due to “pushing from below” by U 6p (like N 2s in N2). 相似文献
28.
Werner Korsatko Christian Knopp Alfred Fuchsgruber Gustav Zigeuner 《Monatshefte für Chemie / Chemical Monthly》1976,35(2):745-755
The structures of tetrahydro-4-phenylspiro([1]benzopyran-2,4(1H)-pyrimidin)-2(3H)-ones and-thiones4 a, b resp., are proved by synthesis. 3-(2-methoxy-3,5-dimethylphenyl)-3-phenylpropionic acid11 b is prepared from 3,4-dihydro-6,8-dimethyl-4-phenylcoumarin10. The lithium salt of11 b reacts with isobutenyl-lithium to 1-(2-methoxy-3,5-dimethylphenyl)-5-methyl-1-phenyl-4-hexen-3-on12 a. 12 a is transferred with urea in acid medium and NH4CNS resp. in a mixture of dihydro-6-[2-(2-methoxy-3,5-dimethylphenyl)-2-phenyläthyl]-4,4-dimethyl-2(1H)-pyrimidinone and-thione13 a, b and tetrahydro-6-[2-(2-methoxy-3,5-dimethylphenyl)-2-phenyläthyliden]-4,4-dimethyl-2(1H)-pyrimidinone and-thione14 a, b resp.14 b leads to13 a, b with H2O2. Heating of13 a, 14 a and14 b resp. with pyridin-HCl leads to the spiro compounds4 a, b. 相似文献
29.
Emission spectra of the radical cations of the title fluorobenzenes were excited in the gaseous phase by electron impact. The spectra, vibrational fine structure discernible and the threshold energy of the emission are discussed in relation to the photoelectron spectra of the fluorobenzenes. 相似文献
30.
The dialkylgallium chlorides R2GaCl (R = Me, Et, CMe3) reacted with hydrazines H2N-N(H)R′ (R′ = CMe3, C6H5) to form the adducts R2ClGa ← NH2-N(H)R′ (1-4), in which the gallium atoms are coordinated by the NH2 nitrogen atoms of the hydrazine ligands. Treatment of these adducts with tert-butyllithium as a base afforded dialkylgallium hydrazides (R2Ga-N2H2R′)2 [5 (R = R′ = CMe3) and 6 (R = CMe3, R′ = C6H5)] by deprotonation of the hydrazine ligands and precipitation of LiCl in two cases only. The remaining adducts gave a substitution reaction at gallium or an unclear reaction course. The hydrazides 5 and 6 adopt different structures in the solid state. The tri(tert-butyl) compound 5 possesses a four-membered Ga2N2 heterocycle in its molecular core with two exocyclic N-N bonds, which represents the structural motif usually observed for dialkylgallium hydrazides. 6 has a five-membered Ga2N3 heterocycle with one endocyclic and one exocyclic N-N bond. That structure is preserved in solution as clearly shown by NMR spectroscopy. The behaviour of 5 in solution is more complicated, which may be caused by cis/trans isomerization. 相似文献