裂纹扩展速度对焦散线的影响和动态应力光学常数的测定

本文从焦散线形成原理的数学描述出发,用扩展裂纹尖端附近的应力分量表达式,在前人工作的基础上,作了详细的数值计算。特别分析了裂纹扩展速度对焦散斑和初始曲线的形状、大小的影响,为测量扩展裂纹尖端的动态应力强度因子K_1~d提供了依据,并通过拟合得到了以裂纹扩展速度为参量的修正因子表达式。本文还提出了一种测定透明材料动态应力光学常数的方法,并用这一方法测定了有机玻璃的动态应力光学常数。     

The effect of the vasomotion on the mass transfer in microcirculation

Detailed structure of the attracting set of the piecewise linear Henon mapping(x, y)→(1- a|x|+by,x)with a=8/5 and b=9/25 is described in this paper using the method of dual line mapping. Let A and B denote the fixed saddles in the first quadrant, and in the third quadrant, respectively. It is claimed that(1)the attracting set is the closure of the unstable manifold of saddle B, which includes the unstable manifold of A as its subset, and(2)the basin of attraction is the closure of the stable manifold of A, bounded by the stable manifold of B, which is in the limiting set of the stable manifold of A.Relations of the manifolds of the periodic saddles with the manifolds of the fixed point are given. Symbolic dynamics notations are adopted which renders possible the study of the dynamical behavior of every piece of the manifolds and of every homoclinic or heteroclinic point.     

On several problems for lateral instability of cantilever plates

The present article researches several problems about the lateral instability, of cantilever plates by means of the energy method, in which we discuss the minimum critical load of cantilever rectangular plates under a concentrated force, a uniformly distributed load, a distributed load in triangular form and a concentrated couple, respectively, when the lateral buckling takes place.     

Efficient three-step entanglement concentration for an arbitrary four-photon cluster state

We propose an entanglement concentration protocol to concentrate an arbitrary partially-entangled four-photon cluster state.As a pioneering three-step entanglement concentration scheme,our protocol only needs a single-photon resource to assist the concentration in each step,which makes this protocol more economical.With the help of the linear optical elements and weak cross-Kerr nonlinearity,one can obtain a maximally-entangled cluster state via local operations and classical communication.Moreover,the protocol can be iterated to obtain a higher success probability and is feasible under current experimental conditions.     

Impacts of higher-order dispersions and saturable nonlinearities on modulation instability in negative-refractive metamaterials

On the basis of the standard linear stability analysis and Drude electromagnetic model,the impacts of higher-order dispersions and three kinds of typical saturable nonlinearities on modulation instability(MI) have been analyzed and calculated for negative-refractive metamaterials(MMs).Our results show that the MI gain spectra consist of only one spectral region instead of one or two regions in ordinary materials,which may be close to or far from the zero point.Particularly,the spectrum far from the zero point has a high cut-off frequency but a narrow spectral width,which is obviously beneficial to the generation of high-repetition-rate pulse trains.Moreover,MI characteristics here will vary with the normalized angular frequency which can be modified by adjusting the structures of negative-refractive MMs,signifying the controllability of bistable solitons and MI based applications.The effects of saturable nonlinearities are similar to those in ordinary materials.     

不同沙粒底面下气泡脉动特性实验研究

通过高速摄影系统对电火花气泡与不同沙粒底面间的相互作用进行了实验研究,并改变气泡与沙粒底面之间的距离.实验结果表明:气泡在与沙粒底面的相互作用中会产生两种明显不同的现象,即形成与近刚性壁面类似的气泡射流以及“蘑菇状”气泡,“蘑菇状”气泡撕裂形成两个气泡,随后产生两个反方向的沿轴线方向的射流.沙粒底面边界具有刚性与弹性两种特征.另外,随着气泡与沙粒底面之间的距离d的增大,气泡脉动周期先增大然后减小,存在气泡脉动周期峰值.对于不同的沙粒底面边界,出现气泡脉动周期峰值的距离d随着沙底粒径的增大而越小.     

基于法布里-珀罗调谐滤波器的傅里叶域锁模扫频激光光源

报道了一个光纤型1300 nm波段的傅里叶域锁模(Fourier domain mode locking, FDML)扫频激光光源, 用于扫频光学相干层析成像技术 (optical coherence tomography, OCT) 成像. 本实验扫频激光光源采用包含增益介质、调谐滤波器和延迟线组成的长腔激光谐振腔以及光功率增强单元. FDML扫频激光光源具有快速和高度稳定运转模式, 相位稳定性好. 基于法布里-珀罗调谐滤波器(fiber Fabry-Perot tunable filter, FFP-TF)的FDML扫频激光光源扫频范围为130 nm, 半高全宽为70 nm, 输出平均功率是11 mW. 与基于FFP-TF的短腔的扫频光源做了对比研究, FDML扫频光源速度从短腔的8 kHz提高到了48.12 kHz, 对应生物组织OCT成像轴向分辨率为7.8 μm, 比短腔的减小了1.9 μm. 关键词： 光学相干层析技术 扫频激光光源 傅里叶域锁模 法布里-珀罗调谐滤波器     

一种双段多层长周期光纤光栅光谱特性研究

长周期光纤光栅(LPFG)传感器具有非常广泛的应用价值,而有效解决物理量交叉敏感问题是其实用化的关键。基于LPFG对包层外介质折射率和厚度的敏感性,提出一种双段多层折射率横向分布结构的新型LPFG传感器的设计,并利用耦合模理论和传输矩阵方法分析了镀膜材料折射率、膜层厚度和镀层长度对新型LPFG传感器光谱特性的影响。软件仿真结果证明,这种LPFG由于结构设计上的特殊性,将使LPFG的谐振峰发生分裂,即一个透射峰分裂为两个。由于两个分裂峰对应力和温度的灵敏度不同,利用该结构的LPFG作为传感器,可以实现温度、应力等物理量的同步测量,从而解决LPFG传感器的交叉敏感问题。     

利用CdTe量子点增敏鲁米诺-过氧化氢化学发光体系测定水环境中的对苯二酚

在碱性条件下,CdTe量子点对鲁米诺-过氧化氢化学发光体系具有显著的增敏作用,而对苯二酚对该体系的化学发光有强烈的抑制作用,以此建立了流动注射化学发光检测对苯二酚的新方法。在优化实验条件下,在1.0～25 nmol·L-1范围内对苯二酚的浓度与化学发光强度的抑制值ΔI呈良好的线性关系(R2=0.993 2),检出限为0.76 nmol·L-1,经实际应用证明,该方法可用于水环境中对苯二酚的测定。此外,对CdTe量子点增敏鲁米诺-过氧化氢化学发光体系的机理进行了探讨。     

2.45 GHz ECR离子源的微波阻抗匹配

ECR离子源的等离子体阻抗对其微波传输与阻抗匹配设计至关重要。在中国科学院近代物理研究所现有的2.45 GHz ECR 质子源上,对等离子体阻抗进行了测量。首先用水吸收负载代替等离子体负载测量得到了所用微波窗阻抗,然后根据质子源测量数据,推算得到了等离子体阻抗。实验结果表明,脊波导输出端阻抗与后续负载不完全匹配,等离子体阻抗随微波功率变化呈非线性。这些结果为ECR离子源过渡匹配和微波窗的设计提供了参考依据。Plasma impedance of an ECR ion source is important for microwave transmission and impedance matching design. Plasma impedance was measured indirectly with the 2.45 GHz ECR proton source at the Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences. In the test, we got microwave window mpedance by using water absorption load instead of plasma load, and the source plasma impedance was derived from the test data with the 2.45 GHz ECR proton source and microwave window impedance. The experimental results show that ridge waveguide output impedance and the subsequent load does not exactly match, plasma impedance variation is nonlinear with microwave power. The achievedresult is useful in the design of ridged waveguide and microwave window.