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71.
72.
There is a need to develop reliable portable analytical systems for on-site and real-time biomonitoring of lead (Pb) from both occupational and environmental exposures. Saliva is an appealing matrix since it is easily obtainable, and therefore a potential substitute for blood due to existing reasonably good correlation between Pb levels in blood and saliva. The microanalytical system is based on flow-injection/stripping voltammetry with a wall-jet (flow-onto) microelectrochemical cell. Samples that contain as little as 1% saliva can cause electrode fouling, resulting in significantly reduced responsiveness and irreproducible quantitations. In addition, incomplete Pb release from salivary protein can also yield a lower Pb response than expected. This paper evaluates the extent of in vitro Pb-protein binding and the optimal pretreatment for releasing Pb from the saliva samples. Even in 50% by volume of rat saliva, the electrode fouling was not observed, due to the appropriate sample pretreatment and the constant flow of the sample and acidic carrier that prevented passivation by the protein. The system offered a linear response over a low Pb range of 1-10 ppb, low detection limit of 1 ppb, excellent reproducibility, and reliability. It also yielded the same Pb concentrations in unknown samples as did the ICP-MS. These encouraging results suggest that the microanalytical system represents an important analytical advancement for real-time non-invasive biomonitoring of Pb. 相似文献
73.
Maged H. M. Sharaf Paul L. Schiff Albert N. Tackie Charles H. Phoebe Robert L. Johnson Doug Minick Ronald C. Crouch Gary E. Martin C. Webster Andrews 《Journal of heterocyclic chemistry》1996,33(3):789-797
The isolation and structure determination of cryptomisrine, a novel indolo[3,2-b]quinoline dimeric alkaloid obtained from extracts of the roots of the Ghanaian medicinal plant Cryptolepis sanguinolenta is reported. The structure determination was made via a consideration of the spectral data, including uv, ir, nmr, and mass spectra. In particular, one-dimensional proton/carbon nmr, one-dimensional nOe difference nmr, and a series of homonuclear (COSY) and inverse-detected heteronuclear two-dimensional (HMQC, HMBC) experiments were utilized, as well as high resolution FABMS. Cryptomisrine is most unusual in that its two monomeric parts apparently exist in such a C2 symmetric environment that only one set of proton and carbon nmr resonances are observed. Cryptomisrine is the first example of a dimeric indolo-[3,2-b]quinoline alkaloid to have been isolated from nature. 相似文献
74.
75.
Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology - Biological systems can convert renewable resources, including lignocellulosic biomass, starch crops, and carbon dioxide, into fuels, chemicals, and... 相似文献
76.
Dendritic molecular capsules for hydrophobic compounds 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Morgan MT Carnahan MA Immoos CE Ribeiro AA Finkelstein S Lee SJ Grinstaff MW 《Journal of the American Chemical Society》2003,125(50):15485-15489
Reichardt's dye, a highly solvatochromic dye, was encapsulated within poly (glycerol succinic acid) ([Gn]-PGLSA-OH) dendrimers to investigate the interior environment of these dendritic macromolecules. The absorption maximum for the encapsulated Reichardt's dye in water was indicative of a relatively high dielectric constant present within the dye/dendrimer complex. (1)H NMR of the encapsulated complex showed the presence of aromatic protons from Reichardt's dye along with the aliphatic protons of the dendrimer. Additionally, there were substantial changes in T(1) and T(2) times of the encapsulated dye when compared with the free dye, and (1)H NOESY spectra for the complex showed a significant number of intermolecular NOE cross-peaks. These data reveal the close through-space proximity of the dye to the dendrimer and the restricted motion of the encapsulated dye. To demonstrate the potential use of these macromolecules as drug delivery vehicles, the poorly water-soluble anticancer drug 10-hydroxycamptothecin (10HCPT) was encapsulated within a carboxylated PGLSA dendrimer ([G4]-PGLSA-COONa). Cytotoxicity assays with human breast cancer cells showed a significant reduction of cell viability, demonstrating that 10HCPT retains activity upon encapsulation. 相似文献
77.
Douglas R. Hurst Kristen L. French April J. Angel Angela R. Williams Mary E. Rampey Tina S. Guion Kam W. Chan Camille M. Kassis Shannon L. Studer Martinez Charles F. Beam 《Journal of heterocyclic chemistry》1998,35(6):1357-1359
Several acetoacetanilides were trilithiated in excess lithium diisopropylamide, and the resulting polylithiated intermediates were regioselectively condensed with lithiated methyl salicylates followed by acid cyclization to substituted 4-oxo-N-aryl-4H-1-benzopyran-2-acetamides (benzopyranone-2-acetamides). 相似文献
78.
79.
Charles L. Watkins Larry K. Krannich Colacot J. Thomas Dileep Srivastava 《Polyhedron》1994,13(24):3299-3307
The reactions of (Me2AlH)3 with Me2AsNMe2, MeAs(NMe2)2, and As(NMe2)3 were investigated as a function of time at room temperature and over the temperature range −90 to 24°C by use of 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy. (Me2AlH)3 was found to be very reactive toward the aminoarsines, even at −90°C, and no stable Me2AlH-aminoarsine adducts were observed. Instead, the initial stages of the reactions involved AS---N bond cleavage with the generation of highly reactive AlN- and AsH-bonded species. The subsequent course of each reaction and the final arsenic-containing product distribution depended upon the original AL:N stoichiometric ratio and the respective aminoarsine. When the Al:N ratio was 1:1, the reactions were straightforward for each aminoarsine. However, in every case, [Me2AlNMe2]2 was the final AlN-containing product. Independent reactions were carried out to verify many of the proposed decomposition pathways that lead to thermodynamically stable products. The results of this study are compared with those of the analogous, previously reported (Me3Al)2-aminoarsine systems. Additionally, a new synthetic route to [Me2AlAsMe2]3 has been established from the reaction of (Me2AlH)3 with Me2AsH. 相似文献
80.
Dorothy J. Park Tammy D. Fulmer Charles F. Beam 《Journal of heterocyclic chemistry》1981,18(3):649-651
C(α),O-Dilithiooximes were prepared in an excess of lithium diisopropylamide and condensed with several 2-aminobenzophenones, followed by acid hydrolysis of the oximes to the ketones, which then underwent cyclodehydration and linear dehydration to give substituted quinolines or dihydrobenz[c]acridines. 相似文献