利用自电离探测技术研究Sm原子Rydberg态光谱

采用孤立实激发与自电离探测技术相结合的方法对Sm原子偶宇称高激发态进行了系统研究.按照不同的自电离通道将所测数据进行了分类和比较,并进行了详细讨论.不仅报道了许多收敛于不同电离限的Rydberg态的能级位置和跃迁的相对强度等信息,而且还把处于同一能域内的Rydberg态和价态进行了辨识.另外,不但提供了一种有效识别不同类型的高激发态的鉴别技术,而且还对处于41800 cm^-1到43800 cm^-1能域内的Rydberg态和价态的光谱特性进行了详细分析和讨论. 关键词： 自电离探测 Rydberg态 Sm原子     

托卡马克中带电粒子的直接损失问题研究

首次发现了托卡马克中存在迥异于通行粒子和香蕉粒子的第三种粒子, 这种粒子会由于漂移运动而摆脱磁场的约束. 研究了该类粒子在其速度空间上的类磁镜损失锥, 给出了这一损失锥的数学表达式, 分析了存在这一类粒子的物理成因, 模拟与数学分析的结果基本一致. 研究还发现, 回旋半径在二阶条件下带电粒子的轨道损失高于零阶情况, 且与装置参数密切相关.     

Nonlinear analysis of a rub-impact rotor supported by turbulent couple stress fluid film journal bearings under quadratic damping

This work reports a numerical study undertaken to investigate the dynamic response of a rotor supported by two turbulent flow model journal bearings with nonlinear suspension and lubricated with couple stress fluid under quadratic damping. This may be the first time that analysis of rotor-bearing system considered the quadratic damping effect. The dynamic response of the rotor center and bearing center are studied. The analysis methods employed in this study are inclusive of the dynamic trajectories of the rotor center and bearing center, power spectra, Poincaré maps and bifurcation diagrams. The maximum Lyapunov exponent analysis is also used to identify the onset of chaotic motion. The modeling results provide some useful insights into the design and development of rotor-bearing system for rotating machinery that operates at highly rotational speed and highly nonlinear regimes.     

Non-linear dynamic analysis of a HSFD mounted gear-bearing system

An investigation is carried out on the systematic analysis of the dynamic behavior of the hybrid squeeze-film damper (HSFD) mounted a gear-bearing system with strongly non-linear oil-film force and gear meshing force in the present study. The dynamic orbits of the system are observed using bifurcation diagrams plotted using the dimensionless unbalance coefficient, damping coefficient and the dimensionless rotating speed ratio as control parameters. The non-dimensional equations of the gear-bearing system are solved using the fourth order Runge-Kutta method. The onset of chaotic motion is identified from the phase diagrams, power spectra, Poincaré maps, bifurcation diagrams, maximum Lyapunov exponents and fractal dimension of the gear-bearing system. The results presented in this study provide some useful insights into the design and development of a gear-bearing system for rotating machinery that operates in highly rotating speed and highly non-linear regimes.     

In-situ Raman Studies on the Oxide Species of Cathode in MCFC

In MCFC the mechanism of cathode reaction is more complex than that of anode reaction. It is very important to clarify the reaction mechanism of cathode in order to direct the selection of cathode materials. The oxide species present in molten carbonate is the key to understand the mechanism of cathode reaction. Although there have been many papers to discuss the oxide species formed at cathode, no general conclusions have been reached so far, some results even contradicted. Appleby and Nicholson stated that peroxide ion appears to be the predominant species in the Li/K eutectic, but some other researchers concluded that the dominant species is superoxide ion in this melt.     

AFM Study on the Surface of Reinforcing Steel in Simulated Concrete Pore Solution

Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) is a powerful technique to study corrosion processes in the μm- and nm- range because it is able to provide real space images of the surface with high spatial resolution while the operation is simple and fast and the sample is free from exposure to high vacuum atmosphere in which some properties may deviate from those under common pressure. Microscopic study on the topography of the surface layer of passivated metal is of great importance to abstaining better understanding of localized corrosion, especially the early stage of this process. In this paper a systematic AFM study on steel in simulated concrete pore solution (SPS) was carried out in order to illustrate the relationship between the stability of passive film at the surface of the steel and aggressive species in the solution and evaluate the effect of several inhibitors on corrosion resistance of reinforcing steel.     

Electrochemical Processing of Reaction-bonded Ceramic Composite Coatings

Ceramic matrix composite coatings are currently of much interest for application in high-temperature and highly corrosive environments. Formation of ceramic coatings by electrochemical processing is a relatively new mean^[1-2]. It presents several advantages over alternative coating techniques, the thickness and morphology of the deposit can be controlled by the electrochemical parameters, relatively uniform deposits are obtainable on complex shapes, the deposition rate is higher than that using most other methods and the equipment required is of low cost Recently we developed a novel fabrication technique for the production of ceramic/ceramic and ceramic/metal composite coatings by electrochemical processing^[3]. The technique combined two electrochemical deposition methods, electrophoretic deposition (EPD) and electrolytic deposition (ELD), which can produce uniform composite layers of closely controlled thickness on both metallic and ceramic substrates at ambient temperature with inexpensive equipment. However, the main problem associated with electrochemical processing is the difficulty in sintering of the coatings. First, high temperature is required for sintering of the coatings. Secondly, the volume shrinkage of the coatings during sintering leads to the formation of cracks in coatings bonded to metal substrates. So a reaction forming technique, reaction bonding process, also has been developed to produce near net-shape ceramic coatings, which overcome problems caused by the shrinkage of ceramics during sintering.     

Mo Back Contact for Flexible Polyimide Substrate Cu（In,Ga）Se2 Thin-Film Solar Cells

A dc magnetic sputtering process is applied to growth of a Mo back. contact layer onto the flexible polyimide （PI） and rigid soda-lime glass （SLC） substrates. The structural and electrical properties of the Mo layer coated on the two kinds of substrates are investigated by x-ray diffraction （XRD） and Hall effect measurements. The results show that the Mo layer on SLG indicate more better crystal quality and lower resistivity than that on the PI sheets. In contrast to the SLG substrate, the resistivity of the Mo layer on PI is increased by the vacuum annealing process at the substrate temperature of 450℃ under Se atmosphere, which is attributed to the cracked Mo layer induced by the mismatch of the coefficient of thermal expansion between PI and Mo material. The Cu（In,Ga）Se2 （CIGS） solar cells based on the PI and SLO substrates show the best conversion efficiencies of 8.16% and 10.98% （active area, 0.2cm^2）, respectively. The cell efficiency of flexible CIGS solar cells on PI is limited by its relatively lower fill factor caused by the Mo back contact.     

电场中Eu原子电离阈移动的实验研究

提出了一种新方法, 精确确定了稀土Eu原子第一电离阈的位置. 先用脉冲电场对Eu原子的高激发Rydberg态进行延时场电离探测, 再通过反向静电场排除光电离和自电离等其他路径所产生的离子信号的干扰, 观察并研究了Eu原子第一电离阈随着电场移动的规律. 由此所确定的零场下第一电离阈的数值与采用其他方法所确定的文献值^{[1, 2]}相一致, 从而验证了该方法的可靠性.     

模拟混凝土孔隙液中D-葡萄糖酸钠复合缓蚀剂对钢筋的阻锈作用

应用电化学技术, 结合扫描电子显微镜(SEM)观测, 研究D-葡萄糖酸钠、钼酸钠和硫脲三组分复合缓蚀剂对模拟混凝土孔隙液中钢筋腐蚀行为的影响及其阻锈作用. 结果表明: 在含3.5% (w) NaCl的模拟混凝土孔隙液中, 复合缓蚀剂具有协同效应, 对钢筋有良好的阻锈作用. 当D-葡萄糖酸钠、钼酸钠和硫脲浓度分别为750、250和500 mg·L^-1时, 对钢筋的缓蚀效率可达到94.5%. 应用软硬酸碱(HSAB)理论分析缓蚀机理, 可认为三组分复合缓蚀剂在钢筋表面共同形成保护膜而阻止钢筋的腐蚀.