Evaluating the Efficiency of US Air Force Real-Property Maintenance Activities

The objective of this research is to evaluate a new methodology, data envelopment analysis (DEA), as a tool for measuring and evaluating the operational efficiency of US Air Force organizations. This study involves the application of DEA to locate possible inefficiencies in the performance of US Air Force real-property maintenance activities. Dynamic behaviour, as exhibited via window analyses, is reviewed along with static counterparts. The testing was done in close coordination with Air Force officials, who reviewed the results for accuracy, validity and relevance. We conclude that this type of efficiency analysis does have value for the Air Force, where it can serve as a guide to auditors, budget programmers, managers and others in measuring, evaluating and enhancing operational efficiency.     

利用微悬臂梁表面应力研究聚N-异丙基丙烯酰胺分子的构象转变

提出了一种基于微悬臂梁传感技术研究大分子折叠/构象转变的新方法.通过分子自组装的方法将热敏性的聚N-异丙基丙烯酰胺(PNIPAM)分子链修饰到微悬臂梁的单侧表面,用光杠杆技术检测温度在20-40 ℃之间变化时由于微悬臂梁上的PNIPAM分子在水中的构象转变所引起的微悬臂梁变形.实验结果显示:在升温过程中,微悬臂梁的表面应力发生了变化并且导致微悬臂梁产生了弯曲变形,这个过程对应着微悬臂梁上的PNIPAM分子从无规线团构象到塌缩小球构象的构象转变.在降温过程中,微悬臂梁发生了反方向的弯曲变形,这对应着PNIPAM分子从塌缩小球构象向无规线团构象的构象转变.整个温度变化过程中构象转变是连续进行的,而在低临界溶解温度(约32 ℃)附近转变幅度较大,这与自由水溶液中PNIPAM分子的无规线团-塌缩小球构象转变相对应.实验结果还显示:由于PNIPAM分子在塌缩过程中氢键的形成和链段间可能的缠结效应,整个温度循环过程中微悬臂梁的变形是不可逆的且有明显的迟滞效应.     

Negative molecular ions of azafullerenes and their hydrogenated derivatives

The formation and decay of negative molecular ions of azafullerenes and their hydrogenated derivatives are investigated by mass spectrometry. The mechanisms of resonant electron capture and the lifetimes of negative molecular ions with respect to the electron autodetachment in azafullerene molecules are discussed. A comparative analysis of the data obtained for azafullerenes and hydrogenated fullerene derivatives is carried out.     

Applying Stochastic Algorithms to a Locomotive Scheduling Problem

This paper addresses a problem common to all railway networks. Given a fixed train timetable and locomotives (or other forms of traction) of various types, each train must be allocated a locomotive. This paper examines the use of stochastic algorithms for such a problem. Two types of algorithm are used—a simple ‘local improvement’ method, performed successively from randomly chosen starting points, and a ‘simulated annealing’ approach. Both are found to give considerably better results than a deterministic method in current use, and the annealing approach is probably the better stochastic method.     

On the Density-Density Critical Indices¶in Interacting Fermi Systems

The behaviour of correlation functions of d=1$ interacting fermionic systems is determined by a small number of critical indices. We prove that one of them is exactly zero. As a consequence, the behavior of the Fourier transform of the density-density correlation at zero momentum is qualitatively unaffected by the interaction, contrary to what happens at , if is the Fermi momentum. The result is obtained by implementing Ward identities in a Renormalization Group approach. Received: 12 November 2001 / Accepted: 25 February 2002?Published online: 2 October 2002     

The study and applications of photochemical-dynamical gravity wave model II

A nonlinear, compressible, non-isothermal gravity wave model that involves photochemistry is used to study the effects of gravity wave on atmospheric chemical species distributions in this paper. The changes in the distributions of oxygen compound and hydrogen compound density induced by gravity wave propagation are simulated. The results indicate that when a gravity wave propagates through a mesopause region, even if it does not break, it can influence the background distributions of chemical species. The effect of gravity wave on chemical species at night is larger than in daytime.     

Linear nonstationary optical dimensional resonances in atomic nanostructures

The existence of linear nonstationary optical resonances in a diatomic nanostructural object with a dipole-dipole atomic interaction has been proved. A new solution to the joint system of modified Bloch optical equations and nonlocal field equations is obtained for time intervals much shorter than the times of phase and energy relaxation. Formulas for effective polarizabilities of the object’s atoms, which have a set of dimensional resonances, are derived. The frequencies of these resonances significantly differ from the eigenfrequencies of the object’s atoms, and their properties depend on the interatomic distance, light-pulse duration, initial atomic inversions, and the orientation of the object’s axis relative to the direction of incidence of the external light wave.     

Radiation of a charge moving over the diffraction grating

The states of a charged particle with a finite free path are determined in the field of a resonant electromagnetic wave. The exact resonance conditions, the modulation and beam instability mechanisms, the charge and current densities (Ohm's law) are obtained for the collisionless beam of resonance particles. Quantum theory of radiation is developed for the resonant adiabatic interaction between a particle and a wave taking into account the interaction with a constant magnetic field induced at the grating surface by the charge and nonresonant waves. The radiation power, the spectrum, and the range of generated frequencies are determined. The results obtained can be used in the plasma and solid-state theories and in electronics.     

Generation of nonclassical states of a field with frequency-dependent squeezing

The generation of nonclassical states of light with specified frequency-dependent squeezing by way of introducing a correlation between the phase and amplitude of the input field is considered. Three schemes for measuring amplitude fluctuations of the input beam, based on a nondemolition measurement of the intensity in a nonlinear cubic crystal, the effect of light rectification in a quadratic optical crystal, and the use of a non-degenerate optical parametric oscillator, are proposed. The maximum possible value of noise suppression is estimated for each scheme. The prospects for practical realization of the proposed method for generation of frequency-dependent squeezed states are discussed.