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881.
Anna M. Waldron Carl A. Batt Clarissa S. Lui 《Journal of nanoparticle research》2011,13(12):6291-6295
Public engagement in nanotechnology media products can lead to a greater interest in understanding of nanotechnology. A study
was undertaken to determine middle school student engagement in Nanooze, a magazine featuring nanotechnology research that has been developed for a young adult audience. Teachers at 116 Detroit
middle schools distributed two issues of the magazine to their students, and surveys were collected from 870 students after
reading the magazines. Results suggest that the majority of students liked reading the magazine and learned something about
nanotechnology. Engagement in nanotechnology led to understanding of nanotechnology. The Nanooze magazine was an effective medium for engaging middle school students in learning about nanotechnology. 相似文献
882.
Olga Riba Robert J. Barnes Thomas B. Scott Murray N. Gardner Simon A. Jackman Ian P. Thompson 《Journal of nanoparticle research》2011,13(10):4591-4601
A reactivity study was undertaken to compare and assess the rate of dechlorination of chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons (CAHs)
by annealed and non-annealed nanoscale iron particles. The current study aims to resolve the uncertainties in recently published
work studying the effect of the annealing process on the reduction capability of nanoscale Fe particles. Comparison of the
normalized rate constants (m2/h/L) obtained for dechlorination reactions of trichloroethene (TCE) and cis-1,2-dichloroethene (cis-1,2-DCE) indicated that
annealing nanoscale Fe particles increases their reactivity ~30-fold. An electron transfer reaction mechanism for both types
of nanoscale particles was found to be responsible for CAH dechlorination, rather than a reduction reaction by activated H2 on the particle surface (i.e., hydrogenation, hydrogenolysis). Surface analysis of the particulate material using X-ray diffraction
(XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) together with surface area measurement by Brunauer, Emmett, Teller (BET)
indicate that the vacuum annealing process decreases the surface area and increases crystallinity. BET surface area analysis
recorded a decrease in nanoscale Fe particle surface area from 19.0 to 4.8 m2/g and crystallite dimensions inside the particle increased from 8.7 to 18.2 nm as a result of annealing. 相似文献
883.
Simultaneous velocity and temperature measurements in gaseous flow fields using the VENOM technique 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
We present an initial demonstration of simultaneous velocity and temperature mapping in gaseous flow fields using a new nitric oxide planar laser-induced fluorescence-based method. The vibrationally excited NO monitoring (VENOM) technique is an extension of two-component velocimetry using vibrationally excited NO generated from the photodissociation of seeded NO(2) [Appl. Opt. 48, 4414 (2009)], where the two sequential fluorescence images are obtained probing two different rotational states to provide both velocity and temperature maps. Comparisons to computational fluid dynamics simulations show that the initial VENOM measurements provide good velocity and temperature maps in the relatively high-density regions of the flow, where the rms uncertainties are approximately 5% for velocity and 9% for temperature. 相似文献
884.
In this Letter, we propose a generic nonlinear coupling coefficient, η(NL)2=η|γ/β?|(fiber2)/|γ/β?|(fiber1), which gives a quantitative measure for the efficiency of nonlinear matching of optical fibers by describing how a fundamental soliton couples from one fiber into another. Specifically, we use η(NL) to demonstrate a significant soliton self-frequency shift of a fundamental soliton, and we show that nonlinear matching can take precedence over linear mode matching. The nonlinear coupling coefficient depends on both the dispersion (β?) and nonlinearity (γ), as well as on the power coupling efficiency η. Being generic, η(NL) enables engineering of general waveguide systems, e.g., for optimized Raman redshift or supercontinuum generation. 相似文献
885.
We demonstrate how the gradient of the tapering in a tapered fiber can significantly affect the trapping and blueshift of dispersive waves (DWs) by a soliton. By modeling the propagation of a fundamental 10?fs soliton through tapered fibers with varying gradients, it is shown that the soliton traps and blueshifts an increased fraction of the energy in its DW when the gradient is decreased. This is quantified by the group-acceleration mismatch between the soliton and DW at the entrance of the taper. These findings have direct implications for the achievable power in the blue edge of a supercontinuum generated in a tapered fiber and explain observations of a lack of power in the blue edge. 相似文献
886.
Large area fabrication of metal alloy nanoparticles with tunable surface plasmon resonances on low-cost substrates is reported. A UV excimer laser was used to anneal 5 nm thick Ag Au bilayer films deposited with different composition ratios to create alloy nanoparticles. These engineered surfaces are used to investigate how the wavelength of the surface plasmon resonance affects the optical detection capability of chemical species by surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy. 相似文献
887.
E. VaneaV. Simon 《Applied Surface Science》2011,257(6):2346-2352
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) was used to study the interaction of two different sized proteins, bovine serum albumin (BSA) and fibrinogen, with an aluminosilicate system containing yttrium and iron that is a potential biomaterial. Serum albumin and fibrinogen are two major plasma proteins and the most relevant proteins adsorbed on the surface of biomaterials in blood contact.The aluminosilicate samples were incubated for several exposure times, up to 24 h, in simulated body fluid enriched with BSA, and in buffered fibrinogen solution. Time dependence of proteins adsorption onto surface of the investigated samples is reflected by the evolution of the new N 1s photoelectron peak and by the modification of C 1s core-level spectra recorded from the samples immersed in protein solution. 相似文献
888.
Christian Niedrig Simon TaufallMónica Burriel Wolfgang MenesklouStefan F. Wagner Stefan Baumann 《Solid State Ionics》2011,197(1):25-31
Ba0.5Sr0.5Co0.8Fe0.2O3 - δ (BSCF) is a material with excellent oxygen ionic and electronic transport properties reported by many research groups. In its cubic phase, this mixed ionic-electronic conducting (MIEC) perovskite is a promising candidate for oxygen permeation membranes. For this application, its long-term stability under operating conditions (especially temperature and oxygen partial pressure) is of crucial importance.The present work is focused on the thermal stability of the BSCF cubic phase in the targeted temperature range for applications (700…900 °C) in light of previous studies in literature reporting a reversible transition to a hexagonal phase somewhere below 900 °C.To this end, single phase cubic BSCF powders were annealed at different temperatures over varying periods of time. Phase composition was subsequently analysed by X-ray diffractometry (XRD) in order to determine both the temperature limit and the time-scale for the formation of the hexagonal phase. Additionally, the long-term behaviour of the electrical conductivity was examined on bulk samples at 700 °C, 800 °C and 900 °C over several hundreds of hours, showing a prolonged decrease at 800 °C. The decrease in electrical conductivity at this temperature was also examined on bulk samples with different grain sizes, showing a more pronounced decrease the smaller the average grain size.Coexistence of both phases (cubic and hexagonal) could also be shown for 700 °C, however with a different phase equilibrium than at 800 °C. 相似文献
889.
T. Brunner M. Brodeur P. Delheij S. Ettenauer D. Frekers A. T. Gallant R. Kr��cken A. Lapierre D. Lunney R. Ringle V. V. Simon J. Dilling 《Hyperfine Interactions》2011,199(1-3):191-199
Knowledge of 2??|? nuclear matrix elements is essential to probe the theoretical framework of 0??|? decays. At TITAN, TRIUMF??s Ion Trap for Atomic and Nuclear science, a novel technique has been developed to measure electron capture branches of virtual intermediate nuclei in ?|? decays. During two experiments with radioactive 124, 126Cs isotopes the feasibility of this new method was proven. 相似文献
890.
M. Brodeur T. Brunner S. Ettenauer A. T. Gallant V. V. Simon M. Smith A. Lapierre E. Man�� R. Ringle V. L. Ryjkov S. Bacca P. Delheij D. Lunney M. Pearson J. Dilling 《Hyperfine Interactions》2011,199(1-3):167-173
Precise atomic mass determinations play a key role in various fields of physics, including nuclear physics, testing of fundamental symmetries and constants and atomic physics. Recently, the TITAN Penning trap measured the masses of several neutron halos. These exotic systems have an extended, diluted, matter distribution that can be modelled by considering a nuclear core surrounded by a halo formed by one or more of loosely bound neutrons. Combined with laser spectroscopy measurements of isotopic shifts precise masses can be used to obtain reliable charge radii and two-neutron-seperation energies for these halo nuclei. It is shown that these results can be used as stringent tests of nuclear models and potentials providing an important metric for our understanding of the interactions in all nuclei. 相似文献