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31.
A synthesis of twista-4,9-diene ( 17 ) from tricyclo[4.3.1.03,8]dec-4-en-10-one ( 2 ) is described. 相似文献
32.
Camille Thevenot Brice Vincent Sabu Thomas Didier Rouxel 《International Journal of Polymer Analysis and Characterization》2017,22(7):649-658
The purpose of this paper is to understand the mechanisms occurring during the ultrasonication of the copolymer poly(vinylidenedifluoride-trifluoroethylene). In these experimental conditions, the polymer adopts a core–shell structure and its hydrodynamic diameter is measured by dynamic light scattering. The results show that, without covalent bonds breakage, the hydrodynamic diameter decreases with ultrasonication time and a smaller size population appears. This evolution is reversible in a matter of days. A new two-step mechanism is proposed to describe this phenomenon: first the erosion of a core–shell structure and second the contraction of the core. Beyond shedding a new light on the phenomena occurring during the sonication of polymers used in nanocomposites elaboration, this work also strongly questions the traditional techniques used to study the degradation of polymers, which use the hydrodynamic diameter measurement to determine the molecular weight. 相似文献
33.
He‐Lou Xie Xiao Li Jiaxing Ren Camille Bishop Christopher G. Arges Paul F. Nealey 《Journal of Polymer Science.Polymer Physics》2017,55(6):532-541
Controlling the macroscopic orientation of nanoscale periodic structures of amphiphilic liquid crystalline block copolymers (LC BCPs) is important to a variety of technical applications (e.g., lithium conducting polymer electrolytes). To study LC BCP domain orientation, a series of LC BCPs containing a poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) block as a conventional hydrophilic coil block and LC blocks containing azobenzene mesogens is designed and synthesized. LC ordering in thin films of the BCP leads to the formation of highly ordered, microphase‐separated nanostructures, with hexagonally arranged PEO cylinders. Substitution on the tail of the azobenzene mesogen is shown to control the orientation of the PEO cylinders. When the substitution on the mesogenic tails is an alkyl chain, the PEO cylinders have a perpendicular orientation to the substrate surface, provided the thin film is above a critical thickness value. In contrast, when the substitution on the mesogenic tails has an ether group the PEO cylinders assemble parallel to the substrate surface regardless of the film thickness value. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys. 2017 , 55, 532–541 相似文献
34.
A non-linear system with 3rd order non-linearity is fully characterized using symmetry analysis (SA) applied to the excitation, as it is done in 2nd order non-linear systems using the pulse inverted method. Symmetry analysis is performed using irreductible representations and the character table of C3 rotation point group, which leads to the construction of three eigen-excitations allowing extraction of the 3rd order non-linearity parameter without the perturbation of fundamental and 2nd order terms. Validation of this concept is based on excitation symmetry analysis method (ESAM) which was tested on simulated noisy signals and compared with classical spectral analysis. 相似文献
35.
Aura Tintaru Valérie Monnier Camille Bouillon Rémi Giordanengo Gilles Quéléver Ling Peng Laurence Charles 《Rapid communications in mass spectrometry : RCM》2010,24(15):2207-2216
An acid‐terminated poly(amino)ester dendrimer was studied by electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry to establish its fragmentation pathways, with the aim of using them to investigate the structure of any defective molecules generated during the dendrimer synthesis. This poly(amino)ester dendrimer could be ionized in both polarities but the most structurally relevant dissociation pathways were found from the deprotonated molecule in negative ion mode. The dissociation pattern of this dendrimer is fully described and supported by accurate mass measurements. The main dissociation reactions of the negatively charged polyacidic dendrimer were shown to consist of (i) the release of carbon dioxide and ethene within a branch, which proceeds as many times as intact neutral branches are available; and (ii) the elimination of an entire dendrimer arm. Monitoring the occurrence of these reactions together with any deviation from these two main routes allowed six major dendritic impurities to be structurally characterized. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
36.
37.
Esters containing tertiary amine functionalities were successfully synthesized under mild conditions and in good yields, using a three-step process involving the activation of acids into their corresponding cyanomethyl esters, followed by transesterification with the alcohol counterparts, and subsequent scavenging of the excess of alcohol to facilitate purification. 相似文献
38.
Camille Male 《Journal of Functional Analysis》2017,272(1):1-46
A heavy Wigner matrix is defined similarly to a classical Wigner one. It is Hermitian, with independent sub-diagonal entries. The diagonal entries and the non-diagonal entries are identically distributed. Nevertheless, the moments of the entries of tend to infinity with N, as for matrices with truncated heavy tailed entries or adjacency matrices of sparse Erdös–Rényi graphs. Consider a family of independent heavy Wigner matrices and an independent family of arbitrary random matrices with a bound condition and converging in ?-distribution in the sense of free probability. We characterize the possible limiting joint ?-distributions of , giving explicit formulas for joint ?-moments. We find that they depend on more than the ?-distribution of and that in general and are not asymptotically ?-free. We use the traffic distributions and the associated notion of independence [21] to encode the information on and describe the limiting ?-distribution of . We develop this approach for related models and give recurrence relations for the limiting ?-distribution of heavy Wigner and independent diagonal matrices. 相似文献
39.
Sensor networks are emerging as a paradigm for future computing, but pose a number of challenges in the fields of networking and distributed computation. One challenge is to devise a greedy routing protocol—one that routes messages through the network using only information available at a node or its neighbors. Modeling the connectivity graph of a sensor network as a 3-connected planar graph, we describe how to compute on the network in a distributed and local manner a special geometric embedding of the graph. This embedding supports a geometric routing protocol called “greedy routing” based on the “virtual” coordinates of the nodes derived from the embedding. 相似文献
40.
Yoboué A Susset A Tougerti A Gallego D Ramani SV Kalyanikar M Dolzhnikov DS Wubshet SG Wang Y Cristol S Briois V La Fontaine C Gauvin RM Paul JF Berrier E 《Chemical communications (Cambridge, England)》2011,47(14):4285-4287
Heterogeneous Re/SiO(2) catalysts prepared using a one pot sol-gel synthesis were found to display high activity in the direct, selective methanol conversion to methylal, which is correlated to an unprecedented rhenium oxide structure. 相似文献